An analysis of the relationship between driver characteristics and driving safety using structural equation models

PurposeThis paper aims to explore a new causal link between learning, market and entrepreneurial orientations and firms' performance by introducing dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages as mediator variables.Design/methodology/approachThe mediating role of dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages is tested using a sample of 1,190 Portuguese firms, and structural equation models.FindingsIt is shown that dynamic capabilities mediate the relationship between the three orientations–learning, market and entrepreneurial–and competitive advantages of differentiation and cost leadership, and both competitive advantages lead to firm's performance. It is also shown that learning orientation is an antecedent of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation.Practical implicationsThis research shows that firm's performance depends on the capacity of firms to learn, innovate, be proactive, take risks and collect the best market data. Indeed, by optimizing the internal management and knowledge dissemination, firms will develop a set of capabilities and competitive advantages that lead to an appropriate response to market challenges.Originality/valueThis study tests the relationship between strategic orientations and firm's performance by taking the mediating effects of dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages into account. This research was conducted in Portugal.

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Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Models to dissect the relationship between Gait and Morphology in Campolina horses

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104779 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104779

Author(s):

Fernando de Oliveira Bussiman ◽

Fabyano Fonseca e Silva ◽

Rachel Santos Bueno Carvalho ◽

Ricardo Vieira Ventura ◽

Elisângela Chicaroni Mattos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The Relationship

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Exploring Religiousness and Hope: Examining the Roles of Spirituality and Social Connections among Salvadoran Youth

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel11020075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 75 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pamela Ebstyne King ◽

Jennifer Medina Vaughn ◽

Yeonsoo Yoo ◽

Jonathan M. Tirrell ◽

Elizabeth M. Dowling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Youth Development ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Character Strengths ◽

Social Connections ◽

Future Expectations ◽

Development Organization ◽

Relational Developmental Systems Metatheory ◽

Compassion International ◽

The Relationship

Given the strong link between religiousness and hope, we sought to further understand the relations of these potentially powerful resources for youth living in adversity. Although existing research suggests that religiousness might be associated with adolescent hope via spirituality and social connections, few studies have tested models that integrate both. Thus, as applied psychologists, the aim of this paper was to test a theoretical model in the lives of youth. Drawing on a Relational Developmental Systems metatheory, we sought to further elucidate the relations between religiousness and hope and to explore how involvement in the faith-based youth-development organization, Compassion International (CI), might facilitate character strengths like hope. In order to do so, we tested whether religiousness was directly and indirectly (via spirituality and social connection) related to hopeful future expectations, using a sample of 9–15-year-olds in El Salvador (M = 11.6 years; n = 888), half of whom were involved in CI and the other half of whom were a locally matched counterfactual sample. Structural equation models revealed that higher levels of religiousness were directly and indirectly associated with higher levels of hope in relation to higher levels of spirituality and social connections among these youth. CI-supported youth reported significantly higher levels of religiousness than the counterfactual sample. Findings suggest that the relationship between religiousness and hope is best understood when it incorporates youth’s spirituality and social connections associated with religion.

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Association of Educational Level and Marital Status With Obesity: A Study of Chinese Twins

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1017/thg.2018.8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 126-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chunxiao Liao ◽

Wenjing Gao ◽

Weihua Cao ◽

Jun Lv ◽

Canqing Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marital Status ◽

Educational Level ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Individual Level ◽

Study Population ◽

Adult Twins ◽

Chinese Twins ◽

The Relationship

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is growing rapidly in many countries. Socioeconomic inequalities might be important for this increase. The aim of this study was to determine associations of body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity with educational level and marital status in Chinese twins. Participants were adult twins recruited through the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), aged 18 to 79 years, and the sample comprised 10,448 same-sex twin pairs. Current height, weight, educational attainment, and marital status were self-reported. Regression analyses and structural equation models were conducted to evaluate BMI, overweight, and obesity associated with educational level and marital status in both sexes. At an individual level, both educational level and marital status were associated with higher BMI and higher risk of being overweight and obesity in men, while in women the effects of educational level on BMI were in the opposite direction. In within-Monozygotic (MZ) twin-pair analyses, the effects of educational level on BMI disappeared in females. Bivariate structural equation models showed that genetic factors and shared environmental confounded the relationship between education and BMI in females, whereas marital status was associated with BMI on account of significant positive unique environmental correlation apart in both sexes. The present data suggested that marital status and BMI were associated, independent of familiar factors, for both sexes of this study population, while common genetic and shared environmental factors contributed to education-associated disparities in BMI in females.

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Authentic Leadership and Follower Development

Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies ◽

10.1177/1548051810382013 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 438-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Lydia Woolley ◽

Arran Caza ◽

Lester Levy

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Authentic Leadership ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

National Sample ◽

Future Research ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Working Adults ◽

Representative National Sample ◽

The Relationship

This article contributes to the theoretical understanding of the relationship between authentic leadership and follower psychological capital. Structural equation models using a representative national sample of working adults revealed a positive relationship between authentic leadership and followers’ psychological capital, partially mediated by positive work climate, and a significant moderating effect from gender. Findings support previous predictions about the effects of authentic leadership and begin to reveal the mechanisms by which authentic leaders affect followers. Moreover, they underscore the need to consider the influence of follower characteristics in understanding leadership outcomes. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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The management of Supply Chains in Cienfuegos

Dimensión Empresarial ◽

10.15665/dem.v16i1.1341 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gretel Martínez-Curbelo ◽

Michael Feitó-Cespón ◽

Gilberto Guillermo González-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Supply Chains ◽

Customer Service ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Administrative Staff ◽

Key Factors ◽

Corporate Sector ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This research studies the perception of managers about the relationship of key factors in the management of supply chains and the performance of companies, through the development of a set of structural equation models. The data is obtained from the opinion of the administrative staff of different companies in the corporate sector in Cienfuegos. It is used for this, a survey designed in which the customer service approach, integration and collaboration are measured as key factors of success in the performance of the supply chain. The results show that the majority of respondents do not perceive the importance of collaboration to improve the results in their companies; However, they point out the relevance of the client approach in the management of their organizations.Esta investigación estudia la percepción de los gerentes acerca de la relación de factores claves en la gestión de las cadenas de suministro y el rendimiento de las empresas, a través del desarrollo de un conjunto de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los datos se obtienen a partir la opinión del personal administrativo de diferentes empresas del sector corporativo en Cienfuegos. Se utiliza para ello, una encuesta diseñada en la que se mide el enfoque de servicio al cliente, la integración y la colaboración como factores clave de éxito en el rendimiento de la cadena de suministro. Los resultados demuestran que la mayoría de los encuestados no perciben la importancia de la colaboración para mejorar los resultados en sus empresas; sin embargo hacen notar la relevancia del enfoque al cliente en la gestión de sus organizaciones.Esta pesquisa estuda as percepções dos gerentes quanto ao relacionamento de fatores-chave no gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos e desempenho da empresa através do desenvolvimento de um conjunto de modelos de equações estruturais. Os dados são obtidos a partir da opinião do pessoal administrativo de diferentes empresas do setor corporativo em Cienfuegos. Para o efeito, é elaborada uma pesquisa que mede o atendimento ao cliente, a integração e a abordagem de colaboração como fatores-chave de sucesso no desempenho da cadeia de suprimentos. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dos entrevistados não percebe a importância da colaboração para melhorar os resultados em suas empresas; mas eles observam a relevância do foco do cliente no gerenciamento de suas organizações.

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Obesity and Mental Health: A Longitudinal, Cross-Cultural Examination in Germany and China

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712567 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Kristen L. Lavallee ◽

Xiao Chi Zhang ◽

Silvia Schneider ◽

Jüergen Margraf

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Male Students ◽

Health State ◽

One Year ◽

The Relationship ◽

Chinese Male

The present study examines the relationship between obesity and mental health using longitudinal data. Participants with data at baseline and one-year follow-up were included from two countries: Germany (364) and China (9007). A series of structural equation models with three mediators and one moderator were conducted separately for female and male students in Germany and China. Zero-order correlations indicated that overweight/obesity was significantly related to later depression and anxiety in Chinese males. Additional effects of obesity on later mental health flowed through effects on attractiveness (Chinese and German females, and Chinese males), physical health (Chinese males), and life satisfaction (German females). Though overweight/obesity is related to mental health across many other studies, results in this study yield total effects between overweight/obesity and follow-up mental health only in Chinese males. The relationship between overweight/obesity and follow-up mental health was significantly mediated by follow-up attractiveness, or health state, or life satisfaction in German females, Chinese females, and Chinese male students, with no significant indirect effects found in German male students. This highlights the possible importance of culture in examining these effects.

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HRM Practices and Work Engagement Relationship: Differences Concerning Individual Adaptability

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910666 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10666

Author(s):

Flavio Urbini ◽

Antonio Chirumbolo ◽

Gabriele Giorgi ◽

Emanuela Caracuzzo ◽

Antonino Callea

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Profit ◽

Organizational Attitudes ◽

Hrm Practices ◽

The Relationship

The importance of human resource management (HRM) practices to improve organizational attitudes and behaviors is not yet widely acknowledged. However, is not clear whether the effect of HRM practices on outcomes vary depending on the level of specific personal resources. The present paper aims to examine the relationship between HRM practices and work engagement by focusing on the moderating role of adaptability. We used cross-sectional data with surveys from 1219 Italian employees in public, private, and non-profit organizations. The results of structural equation models (SEM) showed that HRM practices were positively related to work engagement overall for employees with low adaptability. Therefore, adaptability moderated the relationship between HRM practices and work engagement. In terms of originality, this study is based on the paucity of empirical studies linking developmental HR practices to employees’ work engagement. Hence, the present study addressed this gap by examining the relationship between the perception of HRM practices and work engagement, as well as how adaptability moderated this relationship. These findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications for HRM.

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Structural equation modelling the relationship between anti-fungal prophylaxis and Pseudomonas bacteremia in ICU patients.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-929933/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

James Hurley

Keyword(s):

Latent Variables ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Model Fit ◽

Published Data ◽

Icu Patients ◽

Equation Modelling ◽

Anti Fungal ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Purpose Animal models implicate candida colonization facilitating invasive bacterial infections. The clinical relevance of this microbial interaction remains undefined. Observations from studies of anti-septic, antibiotic, anti-fungal, and non-decontamination-based interventions to prevent ICU acquired infection collectively serve as a natural experiment. Methods Three candidate generalized structural equation models (GSEM), with Candida and Pseudomonas colonization as latent variables, were confronted with blood culture and respiratory tract isolate data derived from 460 groups from 279 studies including studies of combined antibiotic and antifungal exposures within selective digestive decontamination (SDD) interventions. Results Introducing an interaction term between Candida colonization and Pseudomonas colonization substantially improved GSEM model fit. Model derived coefficients for singular exposure to anti-septic agents (-1.23; -2.1 to -0.32), amphotericin (-1.78; -2.79 to -0.78) and topical antibiotic prophylaxis (TAP; +1.02; +0.11 to + 1.93) versus Candida colonization were similar in magnitude but contrary in direction. By contrast, the model-derived coefficients for singular exposure to TAP, as with anti-septic agents, versus Pseudomonas colonization were weaker or non-significant. Singular exposure to amphotericin would be predicted to more than halve candidemia and Pseudomonas bacteremia incidences versus literature benchmarks for absolute differences of approximately one percentage point or less. Conclusion GSEM modelling of published data supports the postulated interaction between Candida and Pseudomonas colonization towards promoting bacteremia among ICU patients. The model implicates that anti-fungal agents have greater impact in preventing bacteremia versus TAP, which has no impact.

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Does optimism mediate the relationship between Big Five and perceived stress? A study with Spanish adolescents

Anales de Psicología ◽

10.6018/analesps.400831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 114-120

Author(s):

Cristina Serrano ◽

Paula Martínez ◽

Sergio Murgui ◽

Yolanda Andreu

Keyword(s):

Perceived Stress ◽

Big Five ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Emotional Stability ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

Los resultados de investigación han mostrado la existencia de relaciones entre los Cinco Grandes factores de personalidad, Optimismo y Estrés Percibido. El objetivo del estudio es explorar, mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, el posible papel mediador que se ha sugerido podría desempeñar Optimismo en esta relación. También, se explora a través de un análisis multi-grupo la invarianza por sexo de los resultados. Un total de 611 adolescentes españoles completaron de forma anónima los cuestionarios BFQ, LOT-R y PSS. Optimismo se asoció positivamente asociado con los rasgos de personalidad y negativamente con Estrés Percibido. El Estrés se relacionó negativamente con Estabilidad Emocional, Extraversion y Responsabilidad y no mostró asociación alguna con Afabilidad ni con Apertura. Los análisis de mediación revelaron el papel mediador de Optimismo en la relación entre Estabilidad Emocional (mediación parcial), Extraversion y Responsabilidad y Estrés. Estos resultados no variaron por sexo. En conclusión, un perfil básico de personalidad caracterizado por Extraversión, Estabilidad Emocional y Responsabilidad favorecería el desarrollo de expectativas positivas de futuro que representan un predictor proximal de Estrés Percibido. El papel mediador del optimismo puede resultar relevante para el desarrollo de intervenciones focalizadas en reducir los niveles de estrés y, consecuentemente, mejorar el ajuste del adolescente. Research results have shown the existence of relationships between the Big Five personality factors, Optimism, and Perceived Stress. The aim of this study is to explore the possible mediating role that it has been suggested might play Optimism in this relationship. Structural equation models were conducted to examine the mediating role of Optimism. A multi-group analysis was performed to verify whether the results varied by sex. 611 Spanish adolescents completed anonymously the measures of BFQ, LOT-R and PSS. The findings showed that Optimism was positively associated with the personality traits and negatively with Perceived Stress. Perceived Stress was in turn negatively related to Emotional Stability, Extraversion and Conscientiousness, while it was not correlated with Agreeableness and Openness. Mediation analysis revealed the mediating role of Optimism on the relationship between Emotional Stability (partial mediation), Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, and the Perception of Stress. These findings did not vary by sex. In conclusion, a basic personality profile characterized by Extraversion, Emotional Stability, and Conscientiousness would favor the development of positive future expectations that represent a proximal predictor for Perceived Stress. Optimism mediation may be relevant for the development of interventions focused on reducing stress levels and, consequently, to improve the adolescent's adjustment.

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