Dissolution of delta ferrite through cyclic treatment and its influence on the hydro abrasive erosion and mechanisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 107056
Author(s):  
Jai Singh ◽  
S.K. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Abrasive Erosion ◽  
Cyclic Treatment

Effects of nitrogen and hydrogen in argon shielding gas on bead profile, delta-ferrite and nitrogen contents of the pulsed GTAW welds of AISI 316L stainless steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panyasak Phakpeetinan ◽  
Amnuysak Chianpairot ◽  
Ekkarut Viyanit ◽  
Fritz Hartung ◽  
Gobboon Lothongkum
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 316L ◽  
Shielding Gas ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Aisi 316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Pulsed Gtaw ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Bead Profile

LESCALLOY 15-5 VAC-ARC

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Clean Steel ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting

Abstract LESCALLOY 15-5 VAC-ARC is a precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel with minimal delta ferrite. Vacuum arc remelting in the production of the alloy provides a low gas content, clean steel with optimum transverse properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-522. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

Prediction of suitable heat treatment for H13 tool steels by application of thermal shock fatigue cycle

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110118
Author(s):  
Palani Karthikeyan ◽  
Sumit Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
H13 Steel ◽  
H13 Tool Steel ◽  
Cyclic Treatment

In industry, thermally shocked components lead to early failures and unexpected breakdowns during production resulting in huge losses in profit. Thus, the present study investigates the as-received, hardened and hardened and nitrogen treated H13 tool steels subjected to a thermal shock gradient similar to the actual industrial applications. The thermal shock gradients were created by using an in-house-built thermal shock fatigue cyclic treatment machine. The effect of thermal shock fatigue cyclic treatments at 1000 and 2000 thermal shock cycles in hot and molten metal chambers was noticed. All the thermal shock fatigue cyclic-treated samples were analysed by hardness, X-ray diffraction, microscopy and magnetic tests. The interesting changes in hardness, distorted crystal structure and crack initiation were found to be different for differently treated H13 tool steel specimens. The molten aluminium was more prone to stick to the surface of as-received as well as hardened and nitrogen treated steel compared to the hardened H13 steel specimens, which would delay the crack initiation. The wear resistance properties of the hardened H13 steel specimens were found to be higher than as-received and hardened and nitrogen treated H13 steel specimens after thermal shock fatigue cyclic treatment. The loss in magnetic properties was significant for the hardened and hardened and nitrogen treated samples compared to as-received H13 tool steel specimens. Therefore, the present 1000 and 2000 thermal fatigue cycles for 30 s at 670 °C would be worthy to predict the proper heat treatment method to design the parameters as well as the life of die-casting components and to help in the economical production of casting.

Combining CaO–SiO2–TiO2 and CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 ternary phase systems for design of bimetallic welds

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 (8) ◽  
pp. 1271-1283
Author(s):  
Deepak Bhandari ◽  
Rahul Chhibber ◽  
Lochan Sharma ◽  
Navneet Arora ◽  
Rajeev Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Weld Metal ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Electrode Coating ◽  
Phase Systems

The bimetallic welds are frequently utilized for pipeline transport system of the nuclear power plants. The occurrences of welding defects generally depend on the filler electrode as well as the electrode coatings during shielded metal arc welding process. This study involves the design of austenitic stainless steel welding electrodes for SS304L–SA516 bimetallic welds. The objective of research work includes the novel design of Al2O3–TiO2–CaO–SiO2 coatings by combining two ternary phase systems using extreme vertices mixture design methodology to analyze the effect of key coating constituents on the weld metal chemistry and mechanical properties of the welds. The significant effect of electrode coating constituent CaO on weld metal manganese content is observed which further improves the toughness of bimetallic weld joints. Various regression models have been developed for the weld responses and multi objective optimisation approach using composite desirability function has been adopted for identifying the optimized set of electrode coating compositions. The role of delta ferrite content in promoting the favourable solidification mode has been studied through microstructural examination.

scholarly journals Ferrite content meter analysis for delta ferrite evaluation in superduplex stainless steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar G. Camerini ◽  
Vitor Manoel A. Silva ◽  
Iane A. Soares ◽  
Rafael Wagner F. Santos ◽  
Julio Endress Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferrite Content ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Superduplex Stainless Steel

Analysis of the Relationship Between Rail Seat Load Distribution and Rail Seat Deterioration in Concrete Crossties

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Greve ◽  
Marcus S. Dersch ◽  
J. Riley Edwards ◽  
Christopher P. L. Barkan ◽  
Jose Mediavilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abrasive Erosion ◽  
Field Experimentation

One of the most common failure modes of concrete crossties in North America is the degradation of the concrete surface at the crosstie rail seat, also known as rail seat deterioration (RSD). Loss of material beneath the rail can lead to wide gauge, rail cant deficiency, and an increased risk of rail rollover. Previous research conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) has identified five primary failure mechanisms: abrasion, crushing, freeze-thaw damage, hydro-abrasive erosion, and hydraulic pressure cracking. The magnitude and distribution of load applied to the rail seat affects four of these five mechanisms; therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics of the rail seat load distribution to effectively address RSD. As part of a larger study funded by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) aimed at improving concrete crossties and fastening systems, researchers at UIUC are attempting to characterize the loading environment at the rail seat using matrix-based tactile surface sensors (MBTSS). This instrumentation technology has been implemented in both laboratory and field experimentation, and has provided valuable insight into the distribution of a single load over consecutive crossties. A review of past research into RSD characteristics and failure mechanisms has been conducted to integrate data from field experimentation with existing knowledge, to further explore the role of the rail seat load distribution on RSD. The knowledge gained from this experimentation will be integrated with associated research conducted at UIUC to form the framework for a mechanistic design approach for concrete crossties and fastening systems.

Effects of Delta - Ferrite Content on the Integrity of Reactor Vessel Cladding

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Sang Shin ◽  
Jin-Ki Hong ◽  
Koo-Kab Chung ◽  
Hae-Dong Chung ◽  
Gwang-Yil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reactor Vessel ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Ferrite Content ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Scanning Electron

As the design life of new nuclear power plant increases, the austenitic stainless cladding integrity of reactor vessel becomes one of the new concerns. Since 1970’s, there have been some specific recommendations on delta ferrite content of austenitic cladding of reactor vessels and welds. It has been known that the delta ferrite is beneficial for reducing micro-fissure in welds, though the high delta ferrite content increases the probability of embrittlment of welds. In this study, the mechanical and microstructural properties of austenitic weld metals with the limit values of the recommended range (5 ∼ 18 FN) of the delta ferrite control on low alloy steels were characterized by using bending test and scanning electron microscopy. The base metal was ASME Code Sec. II specification SA 508 Gr. 3 Cl. 1 plate and weld materials were EQ308L and EQ309L strips. Four kinds of cladding were deposited with submerged arc welding process on SA508 cl.3 plates. The bending tests were performed through ASME code Sec. IX and the microstructure of fractured surfaces was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In bending tests, there were no fractures except the highest delta ferrite content specimens (28FN). From the SEM observation of fractured surfaces, cracks initiated from the interface between austenite and ferrites phases in the cladding layer and propagated through the continuous interfaces between two phases. For specimens without continuous interfaces of two phases, though the cracks were observed in the interface of phases, the propagation of cracks was not observed. From the test results, continuous interfaces between austenite matrix and ferrite phase provide the path for crack propagation. And the delta ferrite content affects the integrity of cladding of reactor vessel.

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