scholarly journals The relationship between visual memory and rider expertise in a show-jumping context

2009 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Hall ◽  
Charlotte Liley ◽  
Jack Murphy ◽  
David Crundall
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Show Jumping ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Hippocampus volume and episodic memory in schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. THOMA ◽  
MOLLIE MONNIG ◽  
FAITH M. HANLON ◽  
GREGORY A. MILLER ◽  
HELEN PETROPOULOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hippocampus Volume ◽  
Volumetric Measures

AbstractPrevious studies of schizophrenia have suggested a linkage between neuropsychological (NP) deficits and hippocampus abnormality. The relationship between hippocampus volume and NP functioning was investigated in 24 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 24 matched healthy controls. Overall intracranial, white and gray matter, and anterior (AH) and posterior (PH) hippocampus volumes were assessed from magnetic resonance images (MRI). NP domains of IQ, attention, and executive function were also evaluated with respect to volumetric measures. It was hypothesized that AH and PH volumes and episodic memory scores would be positively associated in controls and that the schizophrenia group would depart from this normative pattern. NP functioning was impaired overall and AH volume was smaller in the schizophrenia group. In the controls, the hippocampus–memory relationships involved AH and PH, and correlations were significant for verbal memory measures. In the schizophrenia group, positive correlations were constrained to PH. Negative correlations emerged between AH and verbal and visual memory measures. For both groups, cortical volume negatively correlated with age, but a negative correlation between age and hippocampus volume was found only in the schizophrenia group. In this sample of adults with schizophrenia, atypical relationships between regional hippocampus volumes and episodic memory ability were found, as was an atypical negative association between hippocampus volume and age. (JINS, 2009, 15, 182–195.)

A Feature-Segmentation Model of Short-Term Visual Memory

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p3320 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Sakai ◽  
Toshio Inui
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pattern Complexity ◽  
Convex Part ◽  
Good Account ◽  
Feature Segmentation ◽  
Short Term Visual Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Response Feature

A feature-segmentation model of short-term visual memory (STVM) for contours is proposed. Memory of the first stimulus is maintained until the second stimulus is observed. Three processes interact to determine the relationship between stimulus and response: feature encoding, memory, and decision. Basic assumptions of the model are twofold: (i) the STVM system divides a contour into convex parts at regions of concavity; and (ii) the value of each convex part represented in STVM is an independent Gaussian random variable. Simulation showed that the five-parameter fits give a good account of the effects of the four experimental variables. The model provides evidence that: (i) contours are successfully encoded within 0.5 s exposure, regardless of pattern complexity; (ii) memory noise increases as a linear function of retention interval; (iii) the capacity of STVM, defined by pattern complexity (the degree that a pattern can be handled for several seconds with little loss), is about 4 convex parts; and (iv) the confusability contributing to the decision process is a primary factor in deteriorating recognition of complex figures. It is concluded that visually presented patterns can be retained in STVM with considerable precision for prolonged periods of time, though some loss of precision is inevitable.

A-016 The Relationship between Visual Memory and Performance in Virtual Reality Among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-806
Author(s):  
Flores E ◽  
Gutierrez R ◽  
Shorter S ◽  
Mollenkopf K ◽  
Childers L ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Procedural Learning ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective Over the past fifty years, many traditional paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests have been translated to new computerized devices (Canini et al., 2014). Virtual reality offers neuropsychologists an opportunity to observe patients’ neurocognitive functioning in an immersive, lifelike environment, rich in visual stimuli (Morganti, 2004), yet relatively little is known about the relationship between visual memory and performance on learning and memory tasks in virtual reality environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate, among older adults, the relationship between visual memory, as measured by a traditional paper-and-pencil test, and procedural learning and memory performance in a virtual reality environment simulating meal preparation tasks. Methods Older adults (N = 73) ages 55-90 (M = 72.77, SD = 7.87) were administered the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) Visual Reproduction Immediate Recall and the Virtual Kitchen Protocol (VPK), a virtual reality-based measure of learning and memory for meal preparation tasks. Results Participants performance on the immediate portion of WMS-IV, visual reproduction, correlated with their performance on the VPK teaching trial (r = .65, p = 0.01), immediate recall (r = .51, p = 0.01), delayed recall (r = .58, p = 0.01), and forced choice recognition ( r = ..54, p = 0.01) of Job Sim. Conclusion Results suggest that visual memory aids healthy older adults in procedural learning and memory tasks in the Virtual Kitchen Protocol, a virtual reality environment simulating meal preparation tasks. These results suggest that visual memory ability is germane to performance in virtual reality environments that are rich in visual stimuli.

The relationship of emotion recognition with neuropsychological performance in patients with first episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S190-S190
Author(s):  
A. Dardagani ◽  
E. Dandi ◽  
S. Tsotsi ◽  
M. Nazou ◽  
A. Lagoudis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Neuropsychological Dysfunction ◽  
First Psychotic Episode ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between neuropsychological dysfunction and emotion perception has been frequently noted in various studies. Attention, for example, has been found to play an important role in emotion processing and recognition. Not many studies though, have examined this relationship in first psychotic episode patients. The aim of the present study was to explore the nature of the relation between performance in cognitive tests and a test that measures emotion perception. In a sample of 46 first psychotic episode patients (22 male), we administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological non-verbal tests and an emotion recognition test. The cognitive domains of attention, memory, working memory, visuospatial ability and executive function were examined, by using specific tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). The emotion recognition assessment comprised a new test that includes 35 coloured pictures of individuals expressing six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, fear) and a neutral emotion. We used partial correlation–controlling for the effect of age–and we found a statistically significant relationship between emotion recognition and overall cognitive performance. More specifically, attention, visual memory and visuospatial ability positively correlated with emotion recognition. In regard to specific cognitive domains, attention positively correlated with anger and fear, whereas visual memory correlated with happiness and fear. In conclusion, it seems that the role of underlying visual processes in emotion perception has to be further examined and evaluated in this group of patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Size Illusions as a Phenomenon of Limited Information Processing Capacity

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 (9) ◽  
pp. 1041-1061
Author(s):  
W. A. Kreiner
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Moon Illusion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Case

AbstractThe results of a study on the moon illusion are reported, in which the relationship between the illusion, vision and the distance of the horizon have been investigated. The illusion is explained on the basis of a model derived from information theory. Due to the limited channel capacity of the visual system, the size and the resolution of an image are related to each other in such a way, that resolution can only be increased when the size is simultanously reduced. As a result of this constraint, the conspicuity area has to be reduced in order to resolve more detail. Assuming that the visual image is projected onto what is effectively an internal visual memory screen, the size illusion can be explained. A mathematical expression is derived which is fitted to the results of various experiments performed by several other authors in order to measure size constancy. Based on this model two versions of the moon illusion are discussed, as well as their relationship to atmospheric effects and to perspective. The horizon-distance hypothesis is regarded as a special case within this more general model.

scholarly journals La Relation Entre Le Bilinguisme Precoce Et Les Capacites Cognitives Chez Les Enfants Ages De 5 A 6 Ans

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (26) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Saliha Bouzid Baa
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Capacities ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this paper is to present results of a field work in which the aim was to examine the relationship between precocious bilingualism and certain cognitive capacities in 5 and 6 years old children. The cognitive capacities we took into account are attention, visual memory and intelligence. The obtained results permitted to conclude that bilingualism does not constitute an obstacle to the child’s cognitive development on the one hand, and that there is no difference between the bilingual and the monolingual at the advantage of monolinguals on the other hand that lead to the development of certain cognitive capacities namely memory.

scholarly journals Estimation of the workload in horses during an eventing competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Valle ◽  
R. Odore ◽  
P.R. Zanatta ◽  
P. Badino ◽  
C. Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Curve Estimation ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Show Jumping ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to evaluate workload using suitable parameters related to the physical effort exerted by horses involved in eventing competitions in order to describe the workload intensity and energy demands placed upon such horses. Heart rate (HR), running speed (S), distance covered (Dist), performance duration (D) and blood lactate (Lact) concentrations were measured in horses competing at either the intermediate level (IL) or advanced level (AL) in order to identify workload differences between experience classes. Ten warmblood horses were monitored during an official two-day eventing competition; mean HR (HRmean, bpm), maximum HR (HRmax, bpm), mean S (Smean, m/min), max S (Smax, m/min), D (min) and Dist (m) were assessed during the warm-up and competition phases of each eventing test (dressage, show jumping, cross country). To calculate heart rate recovery (HRR), HR data were collected within the first 3 minutes following the completion of each of the 3 competition phases. Energy expenditure (EE) was estimated using the HR/VO2 relationship. Differences between the groups (AL vs. IL) in HRmean, HRmax, %HRmean, %HRpeak (HR expressed as a percentage of the maximum HR peak obtained during a fast gallop training session), S, D, and Dist were assessed using one-tailed unpaired t-tests for both warmup and competition phases; also differences for EE were evaluated. The relationship between HR and S was also determined for warm-up and competition phases using one-tailed Person's correlations. The relationship between HR decrease during the first 3 min following competition phase completion and recovery time was investigated by multiple nonlinear curve estimation procedures. The results reveal the cross country test to be the most demanding of the eventing competition, requiring significantly greater levels of muscular and energetic effort, in terms of Lact production and EE, with higher values recorded in the AL horses compared to IL horses. The data also show that riders need to optimise warm-up duration and quality in accordance with their competition category. The calculation of HRR is also shown to be an appropriate approach for gauging workload after high-intensity exercise, but not after low-intensity exercise since HRR may be influenced by external factors, like how excited a horse is.

Collective Memory and Journalism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Bosch
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Work ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Journalistic Practice

The relationship between the practice and field of journalism and the interdisciplinary field of memory studies is complex and multifaceted. There is a strong link between collective memory production and journalistic practice, based on the proposition that journalists produce first drafts of history by using the past in their reportage. Moreover, the practice of journalism is a key agent of memory work because it serves as one of society’s main mechanisms for recording and remembering, and in doing so helps shape collective memory. Journalism can be seen as a memory text, with journalists constructing news within cultural-interpretive frames according to the cultural environment. Journalism also plays a key role in the production of visual memory and new media, including social media. Journalism is thus a key agent of memory work, providing a space for commentary on institutional and cultural sites of memory construction.

Spatial Visualization Ability Mediates the Male Advantage in Spatial and Visual Episodic Memory

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Siedlecki
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Female Advantage ◽  
Male Advantage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Verbal Episodic Memory

Abstract. Individuals between the ages of 18 and 94 (N = 326) completed a battery of episodic memory tasks, as well as several measures of spatial visualization. A female advantage in verbal episodic memory and a male advantage in spatial and visual episodic memory were observed. Mediation analyses provided evidence that performance on spatial visualization tasks greatly influences the magnitude of the effect for sex differences among the different episodic memory constructs. In particular, the spatial visualization construct fully mediated the relationship between sex and episodic spatial memory performance. Further, when spatial visualization was included as a mediator in the model the relationship between sex and episodic verbal memory increased, and the relationship between sex and episodic visual memory reversed, such that women scored higher than men.

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