Optimizing reduction pruning under electrical lines: the influence of tree vitality before pruning on traumatic responses

2021 ◽  
pp. 127139
Author(s):  
G. Perrette ◽  
S. Delagrange ◽  
J.A. Ramirez ◽  
C. Messier
Keyword(s):  
Tree Vitality

scholarly journals Tree Vitality and Forest Health: Can Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes Be Used as Indicators?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cherubini ◽  
Giovanna Battipaglia ◽  
John L. Innes
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physiological Processes

Abstract Purpose of Review Society is concerned about the long-term condition of the forests. Although a clear definition of forest health is still missing, to evaluate forest health, monitoring efforts in the past 40 years have concentrated on the assessment of tree vitality, trying to estimate tree photosynthesis rates and productivity. Used in monitoring forest decline in Central Europe since the 1980s, crown foliage transparency has been commonly believed to be the best indicator of tree condition in relation to air pollution, although annual variations appear more closely related to water stress. Although crown transparency is not a good indicator of tree photosynthesis rates, defoliation is still one of the most used indicators of tree vitality. Tree rings have been often used as indicators of past productivity. However, long-term tree growth trends are difficult to interpret because of sampling bias, and ring width patterns do not provide any information about tree physiological processes. Recent Findings In the past two decades, tree-ring stable isotopes have been used not only to reconstruct the impact of past climatic events, such as drought, but also in the study of forest decline induced by air pollution episodes, and other natural disturbances and environmental stress, such as pest outbreaks and wildfires. They have proven to be useful tools for understanding physiological processes and tree response to such stress factors. Summary Tree-ring stable isotopes integrate crown transpiration rates and photosynthesis rates and may enhance our understanding of tree vitality. They are promising indicators of tree vitality. We call for the use of tree-ring stable isotopes in future monitoring programmes.

scholarly journals Influence of Pure Mulches on Suppressing Phytophthora Root Rot Pathogens

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Percival
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Phytophthora Root Rot ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Lesion Severity

Mulching as a means of controlling Phytophthora root rot pathogens has become recognised as a potential cultural management system within the arboricultural, nursery and landscape industry. The influence of a pure mulch, i.e., mulch derived solely from one tree species, on reducing Phytophthora root rot severity has received little study. The purpose of the conducted research was to determine if a range of pure mulches derived from European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna JACQ), silver birch (Betula pendula ROTH.), common cherry (Prunus avium L.), evergreen oak (Quercus ilex L.) and English oak (Q. robur L.) could reduce the development and impact of pathogen severity caused by Phytophthora cactorum and P. criticola on containerised horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). Irrespective of Phytophthora pathogen, leaf area, leaf, shoot, root and total plant dry weight following application of a pure mulch was higher than non-mulched controls. Likewise, leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm ratios, photosynthetic rates and root carbohydrate concentration as measures of tree vitality were higher in pure mulched compared to non-mulched control trees. Application of a pure mulch had a significant influence on Phytophthora root rot lesion severity. In the case of P. cactorum root rot lesion severity was reduced by 39–63%. In the case of P. criticola root rot lesion severity was reduced by 33–61%. In conclusion, pure mulches offer positive benefits for those involved in the care and maintenance of urban trees as well as nursery, forestry, orchard and horticultural crop production where Phytophthora pathogens are problematic.

scholarly journals Classification of trees and tree species in Obrenovac “Mali park” by the elements of growth, vitality and ornamentalness

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Stavretovic ◽  
M. Vuckovic ◽  
B. Stajic
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Platanus Acerifolia ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Betula Verrucosa ◽  
The Town ◽  
Celtis Australis

The study was performed in Mali Park, in the town of Obrenovac. Our findings are based on the data obtained after direct measurements of elements of growth and the derived indicators of tree vitality and ornamentalness. Cluster analysis was applied to determine the relatively homogeneous groups of tree species. The results show that the group with the best functional characteristics includes Platanus acerifolia, Tilia grandifolia and Fraxinus ornus, and the group of species with inferior characteristics includes Betula verrucosa, Juglans regia, Celtis australis, Acer platanoides, Cedrus atlantica and Acer negundo.

scholarly journals Multitemporal Chlorophyll Mapping in Pome Fruit Orchards from Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Vanbrabant ◽  
Laurent Tits ◽  
Stephanie Delalieux ◽  
Klaas Pauly ◽  
Wim Verjans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imagery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Retrieval Models ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
June July

Early and precise spatio-temporal monitoring of tree vitality is key for steering management decisions in pome fruit orchards. Spaceborne remote sensing instruments face a tradeoff between spatial and spectral resolution, while manned aircraft sensor-platform systems are very expensive. In order to address the shortcomings of these platforms, this study investigates the potential of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) to facilitate rapid, low cost, and flexible chlorophyll monitoring. Due to the complexity of orchard scenery a robust chlorophyll retrieval model on RPAS level has not yet been developed. In this study, specific focus therefore lies on evaluating the sensitivity of retrieval models to confounding factors. For this study, multispectral and hyperspectral imagery was collected over pome fruit orchards. Sensitivities of both univariate and multivariate retrieval models were demonstrated under different species, phenology, shade, and illumination scenes. Results illustrate that multivariate models have a significantly higher accuracy than univariate models as the former provide accuracies for the canopy chlorophyll content retrieval of R2 = 0.80 and Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) = 12% for the hyperspectral sensor. Random forest regression on multispectral imagery (R2 > 0.9 for May, June, July, and August, and R2 = 0.5 for October) and hyperspectral imagery (0.6 < R2 < 0.9) led to satisfactory high and consistent accuracies for all months.

Thirteen-year monitoring of liming and PK fertilization effects on tree vitality in Norway spruce and European beech stands

2010 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Jonard ◽  
Fédéric André ◽  
Pierre Giot ◽  
François Weissen ◽  
Raphaèle Van der Perre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Fertilization Effects ◽  
Pk Fertilization

Forest regeneration in northeastern Poland following a catastrophic blowdown

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1172-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dobrowolska
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Species Structure ◽  
Tree Vitality

The aims of the investigation were to (i) quantify the changes in natural regeneration and stand structure, (ii) determine the role of deadwood in the process of regeneration following the disturbance, and (iii) determine the effect of disturbance severity on tree recruitment. The study was conducted in the Szast Protected Forest, which was established after a blowdown in 2002. The results showed that the trees were mainly wind-snapped. The basal area of the slightly disturbed stands increased over time. Herb cover increased, whereas moss cover decreased in 2011. The disturbance severity influenced the density of tree species regeneration, moss and herb ground cover, species diversity, average tree height, tree vitality, and damage caused by herbivores. The density of natural regeneration increased and new species became established after the disturbance. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was the dominant tree species during the regeneration process except in the severely disturbed stand from which wood had been removed; in this case, birch was the dominant species. Wind disturbance increased species diversity and created a new forest with a particular species structure and trees that varied in age and height. The results of this study will be useful for foresters and policymakers to change the existing approaches to large-scale disturbances in the Polish forests.

Combining tree ring analysis and remote sensing to assess the 2017 black pine dieback in Vinschgau/Val Venosta (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Obojes ◽  
Jennifer Klemm ◽  
Ruth Sonnenschein ◽  
Francesco Giammarchi ◽  
Giustino Tonon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Mountain Terrain ◽  
Ring Analysis

&lt;p&gt;To prevent further erosion of pastures along the south slopes of the Vinschgau/Val Venosta (South Tyrol/Italy) about 900 ha of non-native black pine (Pinus nigra) have been afforested there between 1900 and the 1960s. This drought-tolerant Mediterranean species was supposed to be able to cope with the dry climate at degraded soils in the inner-alpine dry valley. Nevertheless, black pine in the Vinschgau has been affected by reoccurring tree vitality decline and diebacks in the last 20 years linked to repeated droughts and heat waves. Observing growth trends via tree ring analysis is usually restricted to single stands. On the other hand, remote sensing data to track tree vitality was not available in sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to be applied to complex mountain terrain until recently. This has changed with the launch of the Sentinel-2 A and B satellites in 2015 and 2017 with a spatial resolution of 10 to 20 m and a revisiting period of 5 days. To analyse the accordance of remote sensing-based vegetation indices to tree-ring based growth data, we compared twelve sites across the Vinschgau/Val Venosta with a differing degree of vitality loss in 2017 for a four-year period from 2015 to 2018. In general, less vital sites were located at lower elevation and on steeper slopes. Radial tree growth was positively correlated to spring precipitation and strongly decreased during earlier hot and dry years such as 1995 and 2003. We found high and statistically significant correlations between site-average basal area increment as well as tree ring width indices and multiple vegetation indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI, Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index GNDVI, Normalized Difference Infrared Index NDII, Moisture Stress Index MSI) especially for the dry 2017 growing season and the 2018 recovery year, which had large gradients in tree vitality between sites. Overall, these results show that remote sensing-based vegetation indices can be used to scale up stand level growth data also in complex mountain terrain.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Evaluation of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) infection in the Castle Park in Lednice

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1565-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tivadar Baltazár ◽  
Miloš Pejchal ◽  
Ildikó Varga
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
The Difference

This experiment focused on the evaluation of mistletoe infection (Viscum albumL.) in main sections of the castle park in Lednice. The study evaluates the proportion of affected and unaffected individuals of host taxa and the intensity of their infestation. ForAcer campestreandTilia cordataone-way ANOVA was used to detect the difference among the number of mistletoe bushes and tree age, development stage, vitality and location. For the modelling of mistletoe infection probability also the dependence on these and other continuous explanatory variables (height and crown volume) was used for logistic regression with binomial distribution. Our results show that number of mistletoe on trees within same taxa increases with the tree age and with the lower tree vitality, but there is large difference between the hosts. Due to the results of logistic regression, the same factors also have strong impact on the probability of mistletoe infection, e.g. tree age and tree vitality. In this case no large differences were found between the hosts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document