Out of sight, out of mind? Terror in the home country, family reunification options, and the well-being of refugees

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of career satisfaction of professional accounting returnees who have studied and/or worked abroad and then returned to work in different types of international workplaces in their home country.Design/methodology/approachA survey of professional accounting returnees in Vietnam was undertaken and multiple regression analysis was applied to test the proposed relationships.FindingsThis study finds that career satisfaction is affected by career fit, career sacrifice, types of international workplaces (domestically headquartered firms versus globally headquartered firms) and cross-cultural work readjustment. Further, cross-cultural work readjustment partially mediates the effect of career fit and career sacrifice on career satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe research provides the basis for designing career-related employee experiences to support career satisfaction of professional accounting returnees.Originality/valueThis study integrates dimensions of career embeddedness with cross-cultural work readjustment and employee experiences, which are normally studied separately, in different types of international workplaces. It contributes to the limited research on contributors to well-being in the form of career satisfaction among professional returnees in an emerging economy.

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Canada's spousal sponsorship process: challenges of cross-national couples

10.32920/ryerson.14647080 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sophie Qu

Keyword(s):

Social Construction ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Reunification ◽

Information Communication ◽

Refugee Protection ◽

Inadequate Information ◽

History Of ◽

The Government ◽

Key Words Family ◽

Cross National

Family reunification is a key objective of Canada’s Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Despite this, cross-national couples continue to experience challenges during the spousal sponsorship process. The spousal sponsorship regime must be situated in the context of Canada’s history of racist immigration policies, and consider the nature of neo-racism, and the function of securitization. It is evident in the negative social construction of foreign spouses, and the conflation of cross-national couples with marriage fraud, that the government prioritizes fraud detection over family reunification. Interviews with ten individuals of cross-national marriages revealed challenges related to finances, emotional well-being, power imbalances, and the stigmatization of marrying a foreign spouse. The process was made more difficult by the government due to inadequate information, communication, and transparency. While processes of racialization can be seen to inform practices and policies of the spousal sponsorship system, other factors such as bureaucracy and socioeconomic status also appeared to play a role. Key words: family; spousal sponsorship; cross-national; racism; marriage fraud

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Human insecurity and psychological well-being in migrants hosted in a Nigerian transit center: A qualitative exploration on risk and protective factors

International Social Work ◽

10.1177/00208728211034223 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002087282110342

Author(s):

Guido Veronese ◽

Diego Romaioli ◽

Rachel Pancake ◽

Marzia Vigliaroni

Keyword(s):

Home Country ◽

Well Being ◽

African Countries ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Sense Of Security ◽

Emerging Themes ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Qualitative Exploration ◽

The Relationship

Our explorative work aimed to qualitatively analyze the factors affecting human security and psychological well-being in a group of migrants temporarily hosted in a Nigerian transit center. The study involved 250 migrants from different Western and sub-Saharan African countries who were interviewed during their stay in International Organization for Migration – supported transit centers. Thematic content analysis was performed on the texts of the interviews. Motivations for departure from the home country, resources available for migrants’ sense of security, expectations for their future, experience in the host country, and the relationship between human insecurity and life satisfaction were the main emerging themes.

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Immigration and Spirituality

Social Work ◽

10.1093/obo/9780195389678-0293 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer Chappell Deckert

Keyword(s):

Social Work ◽

Political Violence ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Reunification ◽

Global Migration ◽

Migrant Populations ◽

And Migration ◽

Spiritual Perspectives ◽

Client Needs

Social workers who study and/or work with migrant populations are often faced with the most immediate tasks of addressing psychological trauma and immediate physical needs for functioning in a new context. However, understanding client needs under a social work framework must include a biopsychosocial and spiritual understanding of their well-being and current and future functioning. It is important to acknowledge the different reasons why people migrate, including economic opportunities, family reunification, natural disasters, and safety from political violence. The spiritual perspectives of some migrant populations are intimately connected to their mobility. In addition to reviewing scholarship related to migrant populations and spirituality, this entry also addresses spiritual perspectives that influence the reception of migrant populations into a new society and anti-immigrant sentiment. These are niche topics in the field for sure, and are not fully studied in social work. Therefore, this entry borrows from other fields (in addition to social work) in order to provide a list of resources that could be helpful in understanding the varied nuances that relate to spirituality and migration, both for the migrants themselves and also for the communities that receive them. This list is not meant to be comprehensive but provides a beginning resource for scholars to examine the topic with the intent to supplement it as new scholarship is developed. The resources in this entry primarily focus on contemporary global migration.

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Canada's spousal sponsorship process: challenges of cross-national couples

10.32920/ryerson.14647080.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sophie Qu

Keyword(s):

Social Construction ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Reunification ◽

Information Communication ◽

Refugee Protection ◽

Inadequate Information ◽

History Of ◽

The Government ◽

Key Words Family ◽

Cross National

Family reunification is a key objective of Canada’s Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. Despite this, cross-national couples continue to experience challenges during the spousal sponsorship process. The spousal sponsorship regime must be situated in the context of Canada’s history of racist immigration policies, and consider the nature of neo-racism, and the function of securitization. It is evident in the negative social construction of foreign spouses, and the conflation of cross-national couples with marriage fraud, that the government prioritizes fraud detection over family reunification. Interviews with ten individuals of cross-national marriages revealed challenges related to finances, emotional well-being, power imbalances, and the stigmatization of marrying a foreign spouse. The process was made more difficult by the government due to inadequate information, communication, and transparency. While processes of racialization can be seen to inform practices and policies of the spousal sponsorship system, other factors such as bureaucracy and socioeconomic status also appeared to play a role. Key words: family; spousal sponsorship; cross-national; racism; marriage fraud

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MENTAL HEALTH AND COPING IN A WAR SITUATION: THE CASE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932004006753 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 463-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

MANUEL CARBALLO ◽

ARIF SMAJKIC ◽

DAMIR ZERIC ◽

MONIKA DZIDOWSKA ◽

JOY GEBRE-MEDHIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Family Reunification ◽

Loss Of Life ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Displaced Populations ◽

Psychosocial Impacts ◽

External Assistance ◽

Displaced People ◽

Psychosocial Responses ◽

And Coping

The latter part of the twentieth century has seen an increased concern for the implications of war for civilian populations, and more attention has been given to psychosocial impacts of uprooting and displacement. ‘Loss of place’, acute and chronic trauma, family disruption and problems of family reunification have become issues of concern. The war in Bosnia was characterized by massive displacement, disruption and loss of life, relatives and property. Health and psychosocial well-being were affected in a number of ways. There was an overwhelming loss of perceived power and self-esteem. Over 25% of displaced people, for example, said they no longer felt they were able to play a useful role; even in non-displaced populations approximately 11% of those interviewed said that they had lost a sense of worth. Widespread depression and feelings of fatigue and listlessness were common and may have prevented people from taking steps to improve their situation. Almost a quarter of internally displaced people had a high startle capacity and said they were constantly nervous. Most adverse psychosocial responses increased with age and in a population that includes many elderly people this poses serious problems. The findings point to major challenges with respect to repatriation and reconstruction. They highlight the importance of family reunification and the facilitating of decision-making by affected people themselves. The findings also shed light on potential problems associated with over-dependence on external assistance and hence the need for people to be given the means of using their skills and knowledge to control their day-to-day lives.

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The Arc of Migration and the Impact on Children’s Health and Well-Being Forward to the Special Issue-Children on the Move

Children ◽

10.3390/children6090100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oberg

Keyword(s):

Home Country ◽

Well Being ◽

Special Issue ◽

Vulnerable Children ◽

Internally Displaced ◽

Detention Centers ◽

Displaced Children ◽

Families With Children ◽

The Impact ◽

Health And Well Being

Since the start of this millennium the diaspora of families with children has continued unabated. UNICEF estimates that nearly 31 million children have been forcibly displaced from their homes by the end of 2017. This includes 13 million child refugees, an estimated 17 million children internally displaced within their own countries and over 900 thousand children seeking asylum in a different country. Even more staggering is the 75 percent increase in the number of child refugees between 2010 and 2015. This Special Issue, Children on the Move: The Health of Refugee, Immigrant and Displaced Children, examines in detail the health and well-being of our most vulnerable children today. It follows the arc of migration from home country, through transit and finally the challenges experienced in a child’s new country. The papers explore a variety of acute and chronic health conditions as well as the mental health of these children and youth. The articles examine the trauma experienced in their home country, the fleeing of war, violence and/or poverty, the travails during their journey, the stress throughout their stay in detention centers and refugee camps, and finally the transition to a new home country.

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Facebook and WhatsApp as Elements in Transnational Care Chains for the Trinidadian Diaspora

Genealogy ◽

10.3390/genealogy3020015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dwaine Plaza ◽

Lauren Plaza

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Home Country ◽

Family Members ◽

Well Being ◽

Letter Writing ◽

Social Connection ◽

Left Behind ◽

Care Giving ◽

Geographical Distances ◽

Depth Interviews

Despite being separated by great geographical distances, the Trinidadian Diaspora community has managed to stay in regular communication with those back “home” using the latest available technologies. Trinidadian migrants living abroad have established multi-directional care chains with family, kin, and friends that have endured for decades. This social connection has evolved from letter writing, telegrams, telephones, emails, and most recently, internet-based social media which includes: Facebook, WhatsApp, Skype, Facetime, Snapchat, Twitter, and Google Hangout. This paper examines how social media, focusing on Facebook and WhatsApp, are tools being used by the Trinidadian Diaspora to provide transnational care-giving to family and friends kin left behind in the “home” country and beyond. The analysis is based on the results of two online Qualtrics surveys, one implemented in 2012 (n = 150) and another in 2015 (n = 100) of Trinidadian Diaspora participants and in-depth interviews with (n = 10) Canadian-Trinidadians. This paper explores how social media have become a virtual transnational bridge that connects the Trinidadian Diaspora across long distances and provides family members with a feeling of psychological well-being.

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Migrant Labourers and Remittances Flow to India

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.24297/ijmit.v10i3.1662 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1996-2015

Author(s):

Dr. DEBASIS MUKHOPADHYAY ◽

Dr. Asim K. Karmakar

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rates ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Home Country ◽

Migrant Worker ◽

Well Being ◽

Economic Downturn ◽

Altruistic Motive ◽

Her Family ◽

Remittance Flows ◽

Stable Source

Remittances are defined as the money transmitted from one place to another. Although remittances can also be sent in-kind, the term remittances usually refers to cash transfers. Migrant worker remittances are the part of total remittance flows that is transmitted by migrant workers, usually to their families or friends back home. Remittances are an important and stable source of income for households, in particular in developing countries. Analytical studies have shown that the flow of remittances is the least influenced by economic downturn and remains a stable source of income. Remittances have been identified as the third pillar of development as their volume is second to foreign direct investment and higher than overseas development assistance.Under the altruistic view, the migrant sends remittances home because he cares about the well being of his / her family in the home country, and the remittance satisfies the immigrants concern for the welfare of his family. Opposite to the altruistic motive is the immigrant who sends remittances to the home country mainly for economic reasons and financial self-interest. This paper tries to focus on choice between formal and informal channels which depends on a variety of factors, including the efficiency, the level of charges and exchange rates, the availability of facilities for transferring funds, the prevalence of political risks and the degree of flexibility in foreign exchange rules. It also put an insight into the size and frequency of total remittance flows determined by several factors, such as: the number of migrant workers, wage rates, economic activity in the host country/region and in the sending country/region, exchange rates, political risk, facilities for transferring funds, marital status, level of education of the migrant, whether or not accompanied by dependents, years since out migration, household income level, relative interest rate between labour-sending and receiving and peeps into its effect on the BOP of the country.

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The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2018_aja-18-0130 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 274-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Elizabeth Convery ◽

Gitte Keidser ◽

Louise Hickson ◽

Carly Meyer

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Aids ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Hearing Aid ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Self Management ◽

Hearing Aid Benefit ◽

The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

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