Weight Training Increases Fat-Free Mass and Strength in Untrained Young Women

1998 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN CULLINEN ◽  
MARJORIE CALDWELL
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Fat Free Mass

Value of Exercise through Weight Training by Q-Methodology for Young Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-658
Author(s):  
Min-Yeong Jang ◽  
Hyun-Ik Cho ◽  
Yong-Gyun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Weight Training

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training and Endurance Training on Insulin Sensitivity in Nonobese, Young Women: A Controlled Randomized Trial1

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 2463-2468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric T. Poehlman ◽  
Roman V. Dvorak ◽  
Walter F. DeNino ◽  
Martin Brochu ◽  
Philip A. Ades
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Maximum Aerobic Capacity

We examined the effects of a 6-month randomized program of endurance training (n = 14), resistance training (n = 17), or control conditions (n = 20) on insulin sensitivity in nonobese, younger women (18–35 yr). To examine the possible mechanism(s) related to alterations in insulin sensitivity, we measured body composition, regional adiposity, and skeletal muscle characteristics with computed tomography. We observed no changes in total body fat, sc abdominal adipose tissue, or visceral adipose tissue with endurance or resistance training. Insulin sensitivity, however, increased with endurance training (pre, 421 ± 107; post, 490 ± 133 mg/min; P < 0.05) and resistance training (pre, 382± 87; post, 417 ± 89 mg/min; P = 0.06). When the glucose disposal rate was expressed per kg fat-free mass (FFM), the improved insulin sensitivity persisted in endurance-trained (pre, 10.5 ± 2.7; post, 12.1 ± 3.3 mg/min·kg FFM; P < 0.05), but not in resistance-trained (pre, 9.7 ± 1.9; post, 10.2 ± 1.8 mg/min·kg FFM; P = NS) women. Muscle attenuation ratios increased (P < 0.05) in both endurance- and resistance-trained individuals, but this was not related to changes in insulin sensitivity. Moreover, the change in insulin sensitivity was not related to the increased maximum aerobic capacity in endurance-trained women (r = 0.24; P = NS). We suggest that both endurance and resistance training improve glucose disposal, although by different mechanisms, in young women. An increase in the amount of FFM from resistance training contributes to increased glucose disposal probably from a mass effect, without altering the intrinsic capacity of the muscle to respond to insulin. On the other hand, endurance training enhances glucose disposal independent of changes in FFM or maximum aerobic capacity, suggestive of an intrinsic change in the muscle to metabolize glucose. We conclude that enhanced glucose uptake after physical training in young women occurs with and without changes in FFM and body composition.

A two-year program of aerobics and weight training enhances bone mineral density of young women

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Friedlander ◽  
Harry K. Genant ◽  
Steven Sadowsky ◽  
Nancy N. Byl ◽  
Claus-C. Glüer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Mineral Density

Comparison of Whole and Split Weight Training Routines in Young Women

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Calder ◽  
Phil D. Chilibeck ◽  
Colin E. Webber ◽  
Digby G. Sale
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Key Words Resistance Training ◽  
And Control

Thirty young women comprised three groups (n = 10 in each): whole routine (W) training, split routine training (S), and control. The W group did four upper (five sets, 6-10 RM) and three lower body (five sets, 10-12 RM) weight training exercises together in single sessions twice a week for 20 weeks. The S group did the upper body exercises 2 days a week and the lower body exercises on 2 other days of the week. The single maximal weight lift (1-RM) increased (p < 0.05) (W/S) 54/69%, 33/32%, and 21/22% in arm curl, bench press, and leg press exercises, as did arm (10/9%), and trunk (3.4/2.7%) lean tissue mass, as measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Leg lean mass increased significantly only in W (4.9% vs. 1.7% in S). Whole-body lean tissue mass increased (4.1/2.6%), and whole body % fat (−1.1/−1.3%) decreased with training. It is concluded that in healthy young women, whole and split weight training routines produce similar results over the first 5 months of training. Key words: resistance training, strength, muscle mass, body composition

scholarly journals Effect of an 18-wk weight-training program on energy expenditure and physical activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludo M. L. A. Van Etten ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Frans T. J. Verstappen ◽  
Bart J. B. Boon ◽  
Wim H. M. Saris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water

Van Etten, Ludo M. L. A., Klaas R. Westerterp, Frans T. J. Verstappen, Bart J. B. Boon, and Wim H. M. Saris. Effect of an 18-wk weight-training program on energy expenditure and physical activity. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 298–304, 1997.—The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an 18-wk weight-training program on average daily metabolic rate (ADMR). Before the intervention and in weeks 8 and 18(T0, T8, and T18, respectively) data on body composition, sleeping metabolic rate (SMR), food intake, energy cost of the weight-training program (EEex), and nontraining physical activity (accelerometer) were collected in the exercise group (EXER, n = 18 males). ADMR was determined in a subgroup (EX12, n = 12) by using doubly labeled water. At T0 and T18, data (except ADMR) were also collected in a control group (Con, n = 8). Body mass did not change in EXER or Con. Fat-free mass increased only in EXER with 2.1 ± 1.2 kg, whereas fat mass decreased in EXER as well as Con (2.0 ± 1.8 and 1.4 ± 1.0 kg, respectively). Initial ADMR (12.4 ± 1.2 MJ/day) increased at T8 (13.5 ± 1.3 MJ/day, P < 0.001) with no further increase at T18 (13.5 ± 1.9 MJ/day). SMR did not change in EXER (4.8 ± 0.5, 4.9 ± 0.5, 4.8 ± 0.5 kJ/min) or Con (4.7 ± 0.4, 4.8 ± 0.4 kJ/min). Energy intake did not change in EXER (10.1 ± 1.8, 9.7 ± 1.8, 9.2 ± 1.9 MJ/day) or Con (10.2 ± 2.6, 9.4 ± 1.8, 10.1 ± 1.5 MJ/day) and was systematically underreported in EX12 (−21 ± 14, −28 ± 18, −34 ± 14%, P < 0.001). EEex (0.47 ± 0.20, 0.50 ± 0.18 MJ/day) could only explain 40% of the increase in ADMR. Nontraining physical activity did not change in both groups. In conclusion, although of modest energy cost, weight-training induces a significant increase in ADMR.

scholarly journals Creatine supplementation influences substrate utilization at rest

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 2018-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Erik Huso ◽  
Jeffrey S Hampl ◽  
Carol S. Johnston ◽  
Pamela D. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Placebo Trial ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Fat Mass Loss

The influence of creatine supplementation on substrate utilization during rest was investigated using a double-blind crossover design. Ten active men participated in 12 wk of weight training and were given creatine and placebo (20 g/day for 4 days, then 2 g/day for 17 days) in two trials separated by a 4-wk washout. Body composition, substrate utilization, and strength were assessed after weeks 2, 5, 9, and 12. Maximal isometric contraction [1 repetition maximum (RM)] leg press increased significantly ( P < 0.05) after both treatments, but 1-RM bench press was increased (33 ± 8 kg, P < 0.05) only after creatine. Total body mass increased (1.6 ± 0.5 kg, P < 0.05) after creatine but not after placebo. Significant ( P < 0.05) increases in fat-free mass were found after creatine and placebo supplementation (1.9 ± 0.8 and 2.2 ± 0.7 kg, respectively). Fat mass did not change significantly with creatine but decreased after the placebo trial (−2.4 ± 0.8 kg, P < 0.05). Carbohydrate oxidation was increased by creatine (8.9 ± 4.0%, P < 0.05), whereas there was a trend for increased respiratory exchange ratio after creatine supplementation (0.03 ± 0.01, P = 0.07). Changes in substrate oxidation may influence the inhibition of fat mass loss associated with creatine after weight training.

High-intensity interval body weight training promotes different adaptations to combined training in body composition and muscle strength in young women

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. e105-e113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.S. Carneiro ◽  
A.A. de Oliveira ◽  
F.M. Martins ◽  
A.P. Souza ◽  
P.R.P. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Scrutinizing the Consequence of Three Variations of Ponderosity Training on Fat mass, Fat Free Mass, Inter-Cellular Fluid, Extra-Cellular Fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1999-2007
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Intercellular Fluid ◽  
Extra Cellular Fluid ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Post Hoc

The assessment of human body composition has assumed a significant job in the determination of nutritional prominence in clinical, metabolic settings as well as an indicator of muscle mass in professional and amateur sports. The objectives of this study was to compare the effect of three variation of weight training on fat mass, fat free mass, Intercellular fluid and Extra-cellular fluid. This is intended to find an appropriate level of intensity of weight training (i.e sub-maximal, maximal or supra-maximal) that will aid in the facilitation of body composition. A total of 40 males (N=40) served as subjects for this study. They were divided into 4 groups, comprising of 10 subjects each. They were categorized in four different groups (i.e. sub-maximal, maximal, supra-maximal and controlled group) and were selected randomly through simple random sampling method. All the subjects were between age of 20 to 28 of undergraduate and post graduate programmes of Lovely Professional University, Phagwara Punjab. Physical variables were selected for the study namely mass, fat free mass, Intercellular fluid and Extra-cellular fluid. The gathered data from the four groups previously and immediately when the training program on assigned model factors was factually examined with (ANCOVA) that was wont to establish the numerous distinction between exploratory and supervisory groups. Whenever the ‘F’ magnitude relation for adjusted take a look at was found important, smallest amount important distinction (LSD) was applied as post-hoc take a look at to seek out out paired mean distinction. All told the cases 0.05 level of serious was fastened to check the hypothesis. The findings of the study clearly indicate that there was significant effect of variation of training on fat free mass and fat mass. Fat free mass in absolute quality of body compositions which is basically understood and learnt as the potential factors and genetically based

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