W15.407 Dietary intake of olive oil reduces platelet aggregation in an experimental pig model

The aim of the present study was to confirm that olive oil phenols reduce human platelet aggregability and to verify the hypothesis that cAMP- and cGMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE) could be one of the targets of the biological effect. Four extracts from oils characterized by a high phenol content (HPE), and low phenol levels (LPE) were prepared and analyzed quali- and quantitatively by HPLC-UV and electrospray ionization–MS/MS. Human washed platelets stimulated with thrombin were used for the aggregation assay. Human platelet cAMP-PDE and recombinant PDE5A1 were used as enzyme source. Platelet aggregation and enzyme activity were assayed in the presence of HPE, LPE and individual phenols. The phenol content of HPE ranged between 250 and 500 mg/kg, whereas the LPE content was 46 mg/kg. The compounds identified were hydroxytyrosol (HT), tyrosol (TY), oleuropein aglycone (OleA) and the flavonoids quercetin (QU), luteolin (LU) and apigenin (AP). OleA was the most abundant phenol (range 23·3 to 37·7 %) and LU was the most abundant flavonoid in the extracts. Oil extracts inhibited platelet aggregation with an 50% inhibitory concentration interval of 1·23–11·2 μg/ml. The inhibitory effect of individual compounds (10 μm) including homovanillyl alcohol (HVA) followed this order: OleA>LU>HT = TY = QU = HVA, while AP was inactive. All the extracts inhibited cAMP-PDE, while no significant inhibition of PDE5A1 (50μg/ml) was observed. All the flavonoids and OleA inhibited cAMP-PDE, whereas HT, TY, HVA (100 μm) were inactive. Olive oil extracts and part of its phenolic constituents inhibit platelet aggregation; cAMP-PDE inhibition is one mechanism through which olive oil phenols inhibit platelet aggregation.

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A preliminary study on platelet aggregation in postmenopausal women consuming extra-virgin olive oil and high-oleic acid sunflower oil

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society ◽

10.1007/s11746-998-0034-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 217-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

F. J. Sánchez-Muniz ◽

P. Oubiña ◽

J. Benedí ◽

S. Ródenas ◽

C. Cuesta

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Sunflower Oil ◽

Virgin Olive Oil ◽

Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽

High Oleic Acid ◽

High Oleic ◽

Preliminary Study

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Absorption of lipid following thoracic duct ligation in the rat

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content ◽

10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.196.2.363 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 196 (2) ◽

pp. 363-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John H. Annegers

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Thoracic Duct ◽

Lipid Absorption ◽

Fecal Excretion ◽

Thoracic Duct Ligation ◽

Duct Ligation ◽

Before And After

Dietary intake and fecal excretion of lipid were measured during 3-day periods before and after thoracic duct ligation in rats. Also, the quantity of lipid recoverable from the intestine 6 and 18 hours after olive oil or oleic acid had been placed in the duodenum was determined in control and thoracic duct-ligated rats. No change in lipid absorption attributable to duct ligation was demonstrated in either type of experiment.

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Antioxidant and Anti-atherogenic Activities of Olive Oil Phenolics

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.75.1.61 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Rufus Turner ◽

Nicolas Etienne ◽

Maria Garcia Alonso ◽

Sonia de Pascual-Teresa ◽

Anne Marie Minihane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Cell Culture ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Nitric Oxide Production ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Oxide Production

The aim of the current study was to investigate the antioxidant and cellular activity of the olive oil phenolics oleuropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and homovanillic alcohol (which is also a major metabolite of hydroxytyrosol). Well-characterized chemical and biochemical assays were used to assess the antioxidant potential of the compounds. Further experiments investigated their influence in cell culture on cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL), nitric oxide production by activated macrophages, and secretion of chemoattractant and cell adhesion molecules by the endothelium. Inhibitory influences on in vitro platelet aggregation were also measured. The antioxidant assays indicated that homovanillic alcohol was a significantly more potent antioxidant than the other phenolics, both in chemical assays and in prolonging the lag phase of LDL oxidation. Cell culture experiments suggested that the olive oil phenolics induce a significant reduction in the secretion of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (and a trend towards a reduced secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), and protect against cytotoxic effects of hydrogen peroxide and oxidized LDL. However, no influence on nitric oxide production or platelet aggregation was evident. The data show that olive oil phenolics have biochemical and cellular actions, which, if also apparent in vivo, could exert cardioprotective effects.

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Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Cardiac Stress During a Marathon Could be Associated with Dietary Intake During the Week Before the Race

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020316 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 316 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Juan Mielgo-Ayuso ◽

Julio Calleja-González ◽

Ignacio Refoyo ◽

Patxi León-Guereño ◽

Alfredo Cordova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Creatine Kinase ◽

Food Intake ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Muscle Damage ◽

Cardiac Troponin ◽

Troponin I ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Cardiac Stress ◽

Exercise Induced

Adequate food intake is important prior to endurance running competitions to facilitate adequate exercise intensity. However, no investigations have examined whether dietary intake could prevent exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and cardiac stress (EICS). Thus, this study’s objective was to determine the associations between EIMD, EICS and endurance athlete diets one week before a marathon race. Sixty-nine male runners participated in this study. Food intake during the week prior to the race was collected through a seven-day weighed food record. Dietary intake on race day was also recorded. At the end of the marathon, blood samples were drawn to determine serum creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin, and muscle–brain isoform creatine kinase (CK-MB), prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin I (TNI), and cardiac troponin T (TNT) concentration as markers of EIMD and EICS, respectively. To determine the association between these variables, a stepwise regression analysis was carried out. The dependent variable was defined as EIMD or EICS and the independent variables were defined as the number of servings within each different food group. Results showed that the intake of meat during the previous week was positively associated with post-race CK (Standardized Coefficients (β) = 0.643; p < 0.01) and myoglobin (β = 0.698; p < 0.001). Vegetables were negatively associated the concentration of post-race CK (β = −0.482; p = 0.002). Butter and fatty meat were positively associated with NT-proBNP (β = 0.796; p < 0.001) and TNI (β = 0.396; p < 0.001) post-marathon values. However, fish intake was negatively associated with CK (β = −0.272; p = 0.042), TNI (β = −0.593; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.640; p = 0.002) post-marathon concentration. Olive oil was negatively associated with TNI (β = −0.536; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.415; p = 0.021) values. In conclusion, the consumption of meat, butter, and fatty meat might be associated with higher levels of EIMD and EICS. On the other hand, fish, vegetables, and olive oil might have a protective role against EIMD and EICS. The selection of an adequate diet before a marathon might help to reduce some of the acute burdens associated with marathon races.

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A polyphenol-rich diet is associated with decreased platelet aggregation in breast cancer patients

Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.7683 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 81-84

Author(s):

Agnieszka Sut ◽

Marcin Różalski ◽

Jacek Golański ◽

Maria Pytel ◽

Marek Zadrożny

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Arachidonic Acid ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Platelet Reactivity ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Plant Polyphenols ◽

Multiple Electrode Aggregometry ◽

Polyphenol Intake

It is well documented that plant polyphenols have both anti-cancer and anti-platelet effects. Hence, the aim of this work was to investigate a relationship between dietary intake of polyphenols and platelet aggregation in newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients. The nutritional value of a diet, including dietary intake of plant polyphenols was estimated. Platelet aggregation was induced with arachidonic acid (0.5 mmol/l), collagen (3.2 μg/ml) or ADP (6.4 μmol/l) and measured using multiple electrode aggregometry (Multiplate<sup>®</sup>) in whole blood. It was found that platelet aggregation was significantly higher in the low polyphenol intake group than the high intake group: the respective values (area under the aggregation curve recorded in units; U) were arachidonic acid: 84.8 vs. 65.3, P=0.003; ADP: 76.5 vs. 67.8, P=0.006; collagen 79.5 vs. 64.3, p=0.024 respectively. The study indicates, for the first time, an association between diet rich in polyphenols and reduced platelet reactivity in breast cancer patients.

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