scholarly journals Effects of a high n-3 fatty acid diet on membrane lipid composition of heart and skeletal muscle in normal swine and in swine with the genetic mutation for malignant hyperthermia

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2023-2034
Author(s):  
W Otten ◽  
P A Iaizzo ◽  
H M Eichinger
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Acid Diet

scholarly journals Dietary α-linolenic acid supplementation alters skeletal muscle plasma membrane lipid composition, sarcolemmal FAT/CD36 abundance, and palmitate transport rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (6) ◽  
pp. R1234-R1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Chorner ◽  
Pierre-Andre Barbeau ◽  
Laura Castellani ◽  
David C. Wright ◽  
Adrian Chabowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid

The cellular processes influenced by consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids remains poorly defined. Within skeletal muscle, a rate-limiting step in fatty acid oxidation is the movement of lipids across the sarcolemmal membrane, and therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of consuming flaxseed oil high in α-linolenic acid (ALA), on plasma membrane lipid composition and the capacity to transport palmitate. Rats fed a diet supplemented with ALA (10%) displayed marked increases in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) within whole muscle and sarcolemmal membranes (approximately five-fold), at the apparent expense of arachidonic acid (−50%). These changes coincided with increased sarcolemmal palmitate transport rates (+20%), plasma membrane fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36; +20%) abundance, skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content (approximately twofold), and rates of whole body fat oxidation (~50%). The redistribution of FAT/CD36 to the plasma membrane could not be explained by increased phosphorylation of signaling pathways implicated in regulating FAT/CD36 trafficking events (i.e., phosphorylation of ERK1/2, CaMKII, AMPK, and Akt), suggesting the increased n-3 PUFA composition of the plasma membrane influenced FAT/CD36 accumulation. Altogether, the present data provide evidence that a diet supplemented with ALA increases the transport of lipids into resting skeletal muscle in conjunction with increased sarcolemmal n-3 PUFA and FAT/CD36 contents.

Effects of temperature on the structure and metabolism of cell membranes in fish

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (4) ◽  
pp. R460-R470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Hazel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Homeoviscous Adaptation ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

The metabolic adjustments responsible for the “homeoviscous adaptation” of membrane lipid composition in fish are examined with special reference to the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. The percentage of fatty acid lipogenesis attributable to unsaturates was elevated after an acute drop in temperature but declined with continued cold exposure (i.e., cold acclimation). In contrast, selected desaturation reactions [particularly those involved in the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-3 and/or n-6 families] proceeded more rapidly in cold-than in warm-acclimated trout. Different time courses for the change in monoene and PUFA levels of hepatic microsomal membranes during thermal acclimation suggest that the various desaturase enzymes contribute to the acclimatory response at different times. Certain fatty acids, particularly the delta 5-desaturation products of the n-3 (20:5 delta 5,8,11,14,17) and n-6 (20:4 delta 5,8,11,14) series, were preferentially incorporated into phospholipids at cold temperatures and by cold-acclimated trout, due in part to the direct effect of temperature on the substrate preferences of the phospho- and acyltransferase enzymes of de novo phospholipid biosynthesis; however, chain length rather than degree of unsaturation per se may determine the temperature-dependent pattern of fatty acid incorporation. Both acute and chronic cold exposure elevated the incorporation of PUFA into phosphatidylserine (PS), suggesting that the conversion of PS to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) may be activated at cold temperatures. The rate of homeoviscous adaptation appears to be limited by the rate of membrane lipid turnover, which although generally positively correlated with acclimation temperature, did vary depending on the phospholipid moiety and tissue considered. Finally the direct acylation of lysophospholipids formed during the process of membrane turnover may contribute to both rapid and acclimatory adjustments in membrane lipid composition.

Effects of an olive-oil-rich diet on erythrocyte membrane lipid composition and cation transport systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pagnan ◽  
Roberto Corrocher ◽  
Giovanni B. Ambrosio ◽  
Silvana Ferrari ◽  
Patrizia Guarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Cation Transport ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Ratio

1. In this study we sought to test the possibility that an olive-oil-rich diet might influence the membrane lipid composition and cation transport mechanisms in erythrocytes. 2. To this end, 11 normotensive normolipidaemic healthy volunteers were given a standard relatively low fat diet (28% of total energy) for 3 weeks, followed by a high fat (38% of total energy), olive-oil (100 g/day)-enriched diet for the 3 subsequent weeks, in a metabolic ward. The two diets contained the same amount of cholesterol (400 mg), and the polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio was similar and comparatively low (0.35 on the standard vs 0.36 on the olive oil diet). 3. At the end of the study the lipid composition of the erythrocyte membranes showed the following changes: the oleic acid content increased by 15.7% and the amount of saturated fatty acid decreased by 3.2%. The polyunsaturated fatty acid content tended to decrease, while the polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio did not change significantly. The cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio increased significantly by 7.8%, still remaining within the reference range. 4. At the same time, the mean values of the maximum rates of the cation fluxes mediated by the Na+-K+ pump, and by Na+-K+ co-transport rose significantly, while the maximal rate of Na+-Li+ countertransport showed a non-significant trend towards lower values. 5. Urinary excretion of Na+ and K+, body weight and blood pressure did not change significantly.

scholarly journals FABP3-mediated membrane lipid saturation alters fluidity and induces ER stress in skeletal muscle with aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Min Lee ◽  
Seol Hee Lee ◽  
Youngae Jung ◽  
Younglang Lee ◽  
Jong Hyun Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Muscle Recovery ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
And Function ◽  
Muscle Homeostasis

Abstract Sarcopenia is characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass and function with age. Aged muscles have altered lipid compositions; however, the role and regulation of lipids are unknown. Here we report that FABP3 is upregulated in aged skeletal muscles, disrupting homeostasis via lipid remodeling. Lipidomic analyses reveal that FABP3 overexpression in young muscles alters the membrane lipid composition to that of aged muscle by decreasing polyunsaturated phospholipid acyl chains, while increasing sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine. FABP3-dependent membrane lipid remodeling causes ER stress via the PERK-eIF2α pathway and inhibits protein synthesis, limiting muscle recovery after immobilization. FABP3 knockdown induces a young-like lipid composition in aged muscles, reduces ER stress, and improves protein synthesis and muscle recovery. Further, FABP3 reduces membrane fluidity and knockdown increases fluidity in vitro, potentially causing ER stress. Therefore, FABP3 drives membrane lipid composition-mediated ER stress to regulate muscle homeostasis during aging and is a valuable target for sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cyclopropane Fatty Acid Synthase mRNA Is Targeted by Activating and Repressing Small RNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 201 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Bianco ◽  
Kathrin S. Fröhlich ◽  
Carin K. Vanderpool
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Cyclopropane Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

ABSTRACT Altering membrane protein and lipid composition is an important strategy for maintaining membrane integrity during environmental stress. Many bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) control membrane protein production, but sRNA-mediated regulation of membrane fatty acid composition is less well understood. The sRNA RydC was previously shown to stabilize cfa (cyclopropane fatty acid synthase) mRNA, resulting in higher levels of cyclopropane fatty acids in the cell membrane. Here, we report that additional sRNAs, ArrS and CpxQ, also directly regulate cfa posttranscriptionally. RydC and ArrS act through masking an RNase E cleavage site in the cfa mRNA 5′ untranslated region (UTR), and both sRNAs posttranscriptionally activate cfa. In contrast, CpxQ binds to a different site in the cfa mRNA 5′ UTR and represses cfa expression. Alteration of membrane lipid composition is a key mechanism for bacteria to survive low-pH environments, and we show that cfa translation increases in an sRNA-dependent manner when cells are subjected to mild acid stress. This work suggests an important role for sRNAs in the acid stress response through regulation of cfa mRNA. IMPORTANCE Small RNAs (sRNAs) in bacteria are abundant and play important roles in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, particularly under stress conditions. Some mRNAs are targets for regulation by multiple sRNAs, each responding to different environmental signals. Uncovering the regulatory mechanisms governing sRNA-mRNA interactions and the relevant conditions for these interactions is an ongoing challenge. In this study, we discovered that multiple sRNAs control membrane lipid composition by regulating stability of a single mRNA target. The sRNA-dependent regulation occurred in response to changing pH and was important for cell viability under acid stress conditions. This work reveals yet another aspect of bacterial physiology controlled at the posttranscriptional level by sRNA regulators.

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