scholarly journals Is maternal weight gain between pregnancies associated with risk of large-for-gestational age birth? Analysis of a UK population-based cohort

The Lancet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. S97
Author(s):  
Nida Ziauddeen ◽  
Paul J Roderick ◽  
Nicholas S Macklon ◽  
Nisreen A Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight

scholarly journals Is maternal weight gain between pregnancies associated with risk of large-for-gestational age birth? Analysis of a UK population-based cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e026220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Ziauddeen ◽  
Sam Wilding ◽  
Paul J Roderick ◽  
Nicholas S Macklon ◽  
Nisreen A Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Overweight

ObjectiveMaternal overweight and obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of large-for-gestational age (LGA) birth and childhood obesity. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal weight change between subsequent pregnancies and risk of having a LGA birth.DesignPopulation-based cohort.SettingRoutinely collected antenatal healthcare data between January 2003 and September 2017 at University Hospital Southampton, England.ParticipantsHealth records of women with their first two consecutive singleton live-birth pregnancies were analysed (n=15 940).Primary outcome measureRisk of LGA, recurrent LGA and new LGA births in the second pregnancy.ResultsOf the 15 940 women, 16.0% lost and 47.7% gained weight (≥1 kg/m2) between pregnancies. A lower proportion of babies born to women who lost ≥1 kg/m2(12.4%) and remained weight stable between −1 and 1 kg/m2(11.9%) between pregnancies were LGA compared with 13.5% and 15.9% in women who gained 1–3 and ≥3 kg/m2, respectively. The highest proportion was in obese women who gained ≥3 kg/m2(21.2%). Overweight women had a reduced risk of recurrent LGA in the second pregnancy if they lost ≥1 kg/m2(adjusted relative risk (aRR) 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.97) whereas overweight women who gained ≥3 kg/m2were at increased risk of new LGA after having a non-LGA birth in their first pregnancy (aRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.75). Normal-weight women who gained weight were also at increased risk of new LGA in the second pregnancy (aRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.50 with gain of 1–3 kg/m2and aRR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.65 with gain of ≥3 kg/m2).ConclusionsLosing weight after an LGA birth was associated with a reduced LGA risk in the next pregnancy in overweight women, while interpregnancy weight gain was associated with an increased new LGA risk. Preventing weight gain between pregnancies is an important measure to achieve better maternal and offspring outcomes.

Attenuation of maternal weight gain impacts infant birthweight: systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bennett ◽  
R. E. Walker ◽  
M. L. Blumfield ◽  
J. Ma ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDespite many interventions aiming to reduce excessive gestational weight gain (GWG), it is currently unclear the impact on infant anthropometric outcomes. The aim of this review was to evaluate offspring anthropometric outcomes in studies designed to reduce GWG. A systematic search of seven international databases, one clinical trial registry and three Chinese databases was conducted without date limits. Studies were categorised by intervention type: diet, physical activity (PA), lifestyle (diet + PA), other, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diet, PA, lifestyle, metformin and other). Meta-analyses were reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) for birthweight and birth length, and risk ratio (RR) for small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), macrosomia and low birth weight (LBW). Collectively, interventions reduced birthweight, risk of macrosomia and LGA by 71 g (WMD: −70.67, 95% CI −101.90 to −39.43,P<0.001), 16% (RR: 0.84, 95% CI 0.73–0.98,P=0.026) and 19% (RR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.69–0.96,P=0.015), respectively. Diet interventions decreased birthweight and LGA by 99 g (WMD −98.80, 95% CI −178.85 to −18.76,P=0.016) and 65% (RR: 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.72,P=0.004). PA interventions reduced the risk of macrosomia by 51% (RR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.92,P=0.036). In women with GDM, diet and lifestyle interventions reduced birthweight by 211 and 296 g, respectively (WMD: −210.93, 95% CI −374.77 to −46.71,P=0.012 and WMD:−295.93, 95% CI −501.76 to −90.10,P=0.005, respectively). Interventions designed to reduce excessive GWG lead to a small reduction in infant birthweight and risk of macrosomia and LGA, without influencing the risk of adverse outcomes including LBW and SGA.

Maternal Weight Gain and Infant Birth Weight in Women with Class III Obesity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann R. Tucker ◽  
Haywood L. Brown ◽  
Sarah K. Dotters-Katz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Class Iii Obesity ◽  
Iom Recommendations ◽  
Infant Birth

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to describe the impact of maternal weight gain on infant birth weight among women with Class III obesity. Study Design Retrospective cohort of women with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2 at initial prenatal visit, delivered from July 2013 to December 2017. Women presenting 14/0 weeks of gestational age (GA), delivering preterm, or had multiples or major fetal anomalies excluded. Maternal demographics and complications, intrapartum events, and neonatal outcomes abstracted. Primary outcomes were delivery of large for gestational age or small for gestational age (SGA) infant. Bivariate statistics used to compare women gaining less than Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations (LTR) and women gaining within recommendations (11–20 pounds/5–9.1 kg) (at recommended [AR]). Regression models used to estimate odds of primary outcomes. Results Of included women (n = 230), 129 (56%) gained LTR and 101 (44%) gained AR. In sum, 71 (31%) infants were LGA and 2 (0.8%) were SGA. Women gaining LTR had higher median entry BMI (46 vs. 43, p < 0.01); other demographics did not differ. LTR women were equally likely to deliver an LGA infant (29 vs. 34%, p = 0.5) but not more likely to deliver an SGA infant (0.8 vs. 1%, p > 0.99). After controlling for confounders, the AOR of an LGA baby for LTR women was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.4–1.4). Conclusion In this cohort of morbidly obese women, gaining less than IOM recommendations did not impact risk of having an LGA infant, without increasing risk of an SGA infant.

Multiple Gestation: Side Effects of Antepartum Bed Rest

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Maloni ◽  
Seunghee Park Margevicius ◽  
Elizabeth G. Damato
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Infant Birth

The birth rate for higher order multiples has dramatically increased in recent decades. Multiple gestation pregnancies are considered to be at high obstetric risk. Antepartum bed rest is often prescribed to offset complications despite the lack of evidence for its effectiveness in preventing complications. This longitudinal repeated-measures study identified side effects of antepartum bed rest treatment for 31 hospitalized women with twin or triplet gestation. Maternal weight gain and infant birth weight were recorded. Antepartum stressors were measured by the Antepartum Stressors Hospital Inventory, and depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Antepartum and post-partum side effects of bed rest were also assessed by the Antepartum and Postpartum Symptom Checklists. The weekly rate of maternal weight gain during hospitalization was significantly less than recent recommendations for multiple gestation weight gain (t =– 2.14,p = .04). Infant birth weights were appropriate for gestational age. There were fewer than expected small-for-gestational-age infants. Concerns regarding family status and separation from family were the major antepartum stressors. Women reported a high number of symptoms during bed rest (M= 22), which did not significantly change across 2 weeks. CES-D scores for depressive symptoms were high on antepartum hospital admission. Postpartum symptoms were initially high but had significantly declined by 6 weeks: F(1, 27)= 15.68, p = .00. These findings suggest that interventions are needed to reduce antepartum maternal weight loss, stress, physiologic and psychosocial symptoms, and depressive symptoms, as well as reduce postpartum symptoms of maternal morbidity.

Poor maternal weight gain between 28 and 32 weeks gestation may predict small-for-gestational-age infants

1988 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 884-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK G. LAWTON ◽  
GERALD C. MASON ◽  
KRYSTYNA KELLY ◽  
IAN N. RAMSAY ◽  
GEOFFREY A. MOREWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight

scholarly journals Maternal Weight Gain and its Relationship with Birth Weight of Baby at Term

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Shiffin Rijvi ◽  
Sharmin Abbasi ◽  
Farhana Dewan ◽  
Sehereen Farhad Siddiqua ◽  
Anuradha Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: Perinatal health is influenced by maternal weight gain. Increase in obesity in population and excess weight during pregnancy may be different complications including large for gestational age fetus. As a result cesarean delivery has increased in prevalence. Maternal weight gain during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters is an important determinant of fetal growth Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal weight gain and birth weight of baby at term. Methodology : A cross sectional study was carried among 50 pregnant women at term in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2013 to July 2013. Data were collected in pre-designed data collection sheet. Results: This study found maximum (36%) were age group 21-25 years followed by 28% were ≤20 years, 24% were between 26-30 years, 8% were between 31-35 years and only 4% were of 36-40 years. The average age was 25 years. Among these 50 pregnant women, 2 cases (4%) had BMI < 18.5, 15 cases (30%) had a BMI 18.5-24.9, 19 cases (38%) had a BMI 25-29.9 and 14 cases (28%) had a BMI ≥30. The mean birth weight was 2.77±0.33. kg. Mean weight gain was 10.72±3.72 Kg. Conclusion: This study showed that reasonable maternal weight gain significantly increased birth weight of the baby at term. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 79-83

scholarly journals Fetal Head Growth during Early to Mid-Gestation Associated with Weight Gain in Mothers with Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsue Muraoka ◽  
Koichiro Takagi ◽  
Mariko Ueno ◽  
Yoshihiro Morita ◽  
Hiroaki Nagano
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Head Growth

The epigenetic impact of malnutrition in mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) on their offspring has not been fully elucidated. Recently, several reports have demonstrated that children born to mothers with HG were small for gestational age and had low birth weight, reduced insulin sensitivity, and neurodevelopmental delays during childhood. Therefore, we examined the relationship between fetal growth and changes in the maternal body weight in HG cases. A total of 34 patients with HG were hospitalized and delivered at term between 2009 and 2012. The records of 69 cases of pregnant women without a history of HG were extracted after matching their maternal age, parity, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational age, and fetal sex ratio with those of the HG group for comparison. The maternal weight gain at term was less in the HG than in the control group. There was no statistical difference in birth weight, placental weight, and ultrasonic fetometric parameters expressed in standard deviation (SD) scores, including biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length, between the HG and the control group. Whereas fetal head growth in the HG group was positively associated with maternal weight gain at 20 weeks of gestation only, this association was not observed in the control group. We herein demonstrate that maternal weight gain from the nadir is associated with fetal head growth at mid-gestation. Thus, maternal undernutrition in the first trimester of pregnancy could affect fetal brain growth and development, leading to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental delays in later life.

Interaction of Maternal and Neonatal Obesity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
John N. Udall ◽  
Gail G. Harrison ◽  
Yvonne Vaucher ◽  
Philip D. Walson ◽  
Grant Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Weight Gain During Pregnancy

Maternal weight and height before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy were recorded for each of 109 mothers who were delivered of normal infants after gestations of 37 to 43 weeks. Infant parameters obtained included gestational age, birth weight, bilateral mid-arm circumference, and eight skin fold thickness measurements. The eight skin fold thicknesses were summed (SSFT) for each infant. Infants with SSFTs greater than 40 mm (N = 8) for the group were classified as "fatter" infants. All of the fatter infants were large for gestational age (LGA), but accounted for only one third of the LGA infants in the study. Birth weight, length, and cross-sectional mid-arm fat area were significantly increased in the fatter LGA group when compared to other LGA infants. Cross-sectional mid-arm muscle area was not significantly different for the fatter LGA infants compared to the other LGA group. Mothers were defined as obese or nonobese according to pregnant weight for height. Obese mothers had infants with significantly increased SSFTs when compared with infants of nonobese mothers. Multiple regression analysis showed that both prepregnant weight for height and weight gain during pregnancy were associated with increased subcutaneous fat in the neonate. Weight gain during pregnancy was associated with increased neonatal fatness and length, while prepregnant weight for height was associated with neonatal fatness independent of neonatal length.

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