Free Radicals and Scavenging Enzymes in Chronic Tonsillitis

2003 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Kaygusuz ◽  
Nevin Ilhan ◽  
Turgut Karlidag ◽  
Erol Keles ◽  
Sinasi Yalçin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tonsil Tissue ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to define the relationship between chronic tonsillitis and levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in free radical and antioxidant forms. It is suggested that free oxygen radicals may play a role in chronic tonsillitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-four patients were enrolled in the study. Tonsillectomy was performed via the usual dissection-snare method. Venous blood was taken preoperatively and at 2 weeks postoperatively. Blood samples and tonsil specimens were evaluated for malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase analysis. RESULTS: The levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in plasma were compared preoperatively and postoperatively, and there were statistically significant differences between these levels ( P < 0.05). In contrast, the levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in tonsil tissue were not correlated with the plasma levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in pretonsillectomy and posttonsillectomy terms ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The presence of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in plasma and tonsil tissue reinforces the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of chronic tonsillitis.

Antioxidant Effect of α-Tocopherol on Fracture Haematoma in Rabbits

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
K DUrak ◽  
Ö F Bilgen ◽  
T Kaleli ◽  
P Tuncel ◽  
R Özbek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

In this study, the effect of free oxygen radicals on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant role of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in these reactions were investigated in haematoma fluid and venous blood samples in rabbits with femoral fracture. There were 21 male rabbits, divided into 3 groups. Conjugated dienes values (as optical density) were compared in venous blood of the rabbits in Group I taken preanaesthesia and after the onset of anaesthesia and the difference between these values proved to be insignificant ( P > 0.05). A control group (Group 2) was given saline before fracture occurrence and the other group (Group 3) was injected with α-tocopherol 20 mg/kg intramuscularly. Venous blood samples and fracture haematoma fluids in both Group 2 and Group 3 were assayed biochemically. It was established that conjugated dienes values in fracture haematoma fluid in rabbits in the control group were higher than the values in the venous blood of the rabbits in the same group (P < 0.05). However, conjugated dienes values in the a-tocopherol injected group both in the haematoma fluid and in venous blood were reduced compared with those in the control group ( P < 0.5). In view of the fact that ischaemia and reperfusion develop in fractured regions and that general body ischaemia develops following serious fractures of the extremities, we consider that prophylactic administration of antioxidants such as α-tocopherol may be beneficial in suppressing the destructive effects of free oxygen radicals in cells.

scholarly journals Increased Oxidative Stress in Injured and Ill Elite International Olympic Rowers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Lewis ◽  
Andrew J. Simpkin ◽  
Sarah Moseley ◽  
Gareth Turner ◽  
Mark Homer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background: Identifying strategies that reduce the risk of illness and injury is an objective of sports science and medicine teams. No studies have examined the relationship between oxidative stress (OS) and illness or injury in international athletes undergoing periods of intensified training and competition. Purpose: The authors aimed to identify relationships between illness, injury, and OS. Methods: A longitudinal, observational study of elite male rowers (n = 10) was conducted over 18 weeks, leading into World Championships. Following a recovery day and a 12-hour fast, hydroperoxides (free oxygen radicals test) and total antioxidant capacity (free oxygen radicals defense) were measured in venous blood, with the ratio calculated as the oxidative stress index (OSI). At all study time points, athletes were independently dichotomized as ill or not ill, injured or not injured. OS data were compared between groups using independent t tests. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the association of OS with injury and illness while adjusting for age and body mass index. Results: Free oxygen radicals defense was lower (P < .02) and OSI was higher (P < .001) with illness than without illness. Free oxygen radicals test and OSI were higher with injury than without injury (P < .001). A 0.5 mmol·L−1 increase in free oxygen radicals defense was associated with a 30.6% illness risk reduction (95% confidence interval, 7%–48%, P = .014), whereas 0.5 unit increase in OSI was related to a 11.3% increased illness risk (95% confidence interval, 1%–23%, P = .036). Conclusions: OS is increased in injured and ill athletes. Monitoring OS may be advantageous in assessing recovery from and in reducing injury and illness risk given the association.

The Dinitrophenol and Potassium Iodate Influence on Hordeum Vulgare Seedlings Viability\

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2160-2166
Author(s):  
Elena Todirascu Ciornea ◽  
Gabriela Dumitru ◽  
Ion Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Oxidative Stress Enzymes ◽  
Stress Enzymes ◽  
Seeds Germination

The using of the pesticides of dinitrophenol type in agriculture has as consequence the major pollution of the environment, the plants taking these substances from the soil and once with these ones they reach in the human and animal organism where they product disequilibrium that are interpreted through the accumulation of free oxygen radicals with direct repercussions on the antioxidant enzyme�s synthesis intensification and on their activity�s increase. The apply of treatments on the barley seeds had significant effects regarding the seeds� germination, the young plants� growth, the oxidative stress enzymes� activity, but also regarding the content of photoassimilators and carotenoids pigments.

scholarly journals Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Antioxidant Metalloenzymes and Therapeutic Strategies

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Pavlína Hemerková ◽  
Martin Vališ
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Sporadic Als ◽  
Familial Form ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, brainstem and spinal cord and leads to death due to respiratory failure within three to five years. Although the clinical symptoms of this disease were first described in 1869 and it is the most common motor neuron disease and the most common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged individuals, the exact etiopathogenesis of ALS remains unclear and it remains incurable. However, free oxygen radicals (i.e., molecules containing one or more free electrons) are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease as they very readily bind intracellular structures, leading to functional impairment. Antioxidant enzymes, which are often metalloenzymes, inactivate free oxygen radicals by converting them into a less harmful substance. One of the most important antioxidant enzymes is Cu2+Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which is mutated in 20% of cases of the familial form of ALS (fALS) and up to 7% of sporadic ALS (sALS) cases. In addition, the proper functioning of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is essential for antioxidant protection. In this review article, we focus on the mechanisms through which these enzymes are involved in the antioxidant response to oxidative stress and thus the pathogenesis of ALS and their potential as therapeutic targets.

Agreement between i-STAT and YSI 2300 devices to determine lactate concentrations in dogs undergoing exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Berkman ◽  
M.C. Pereira ◽  
K.B. Nardi ◽  
G.T. Pereira ◽  
O.A.B. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Handheld Device ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
Small Constant ◽  
Constant Bias ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Relationship

Little information is available comparing the i-STAT and the YSI 2300 Stat Plus devices to determine the lactate concentration [Lac] in dogs undergoing intense exercise. The reproducibility of the YSI 2300 for quantifying the [Lac] in canine blood [Lac]b and plasma [Lac]p samples has been observed. In addition, the i-STAT handheld device was used to quantify [Lac] in dogs subjected to exercise, and the results were compared with that of YSI 2300. Venous blood samples of Beagle and American Pit Bull Terrier dogs were obtained during an intense exercise training on a treadmill. [Lac]p and [Lac]b were quantified using the YSI 2300 instrument to determine the reproducibility of the results. A total of 52 specimens were compared for both plasma and whole blood. For comparing the devices (YSI 2300 vs i-STAT), 96 samples were used. Ordinary least products regression, the correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement of using the i-STAT device. The relationship between duplicate measurements of both [Lac]b and [Lac]p by YSI 2300 was strong (r=0.99). A correlation between the data obtained using the i-STAT and YSI 2300 instruments was observed for both the [Lac]p (r=0.97) and [Lac]b (r=0.88). The i-STAT exhibited a small constant bias (-0.25 mmol/l) compared to YSI 2300 ([Lac]b). There were proportional biases of 0.89 mmol/l for [Lac]p and 1.22 mmol/l for [Lac]b when using YSI 2300 vs i-STAT. We confirmed the reproducibility of the YSI 2300 for canine lactate blood/plasma samples. The results obtained by the i-STAT and YSI 2300 analyser were highly correlated, but a small constant bias was observed between them. The i-STAT device can be used in clinical evaluations, and it is also adequate for designing and monitoring fitness programmes.

Participation of Free Oxygen Radicals in Damage of Porcine Erythrocytes

1981 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Jóźwiak ◽  
Z. Helszer ◽  
Z. Jozwiak
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Free Oxygen

Markers of Neuroinflammation in the Serum of Prepubertal Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fiore ◽  
Carla Petrella ◽  
Giovanna Coriale ◽  
Pamela Rosso ◽  
Elena Fico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are the manifestation of the damage caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), the extreme FASD manifestation, show both facial dysmorphology and mental retardation. Alcohol consumed during gestational age prejudices brain development by reducing, among others, the synthesis and release of neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammatory markers. Alcohol drinking induces also oxidative stress. Hypothesis/Objective : The present study aims at investigating the potential association between neurotrophins, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in 12 prepubertal male and female FASD children diagnosed as FAS or partial FAS (pFAS). Methods: Accordingly, we analyzed, in the serum, the level of BDNF and NGF and the oxidative stress, as free oxygen radicals test (FORT) and free oxygen radicals defense (FORD). Moreover, serum levels of inflammatory mediators (IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, MCP-1, TGF-β and TNF-α) involved in neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes have been investigated. Results: We demonstrated in pre-pubertal FASD children low serum levels of NGF and BDNF, respect to healthy controls. These changes were associated with higher serum presence of TNF-α and IL-1α. Quite interestingly, an elevation in the FORD was also found despite normal FORT levels. Moreover, we found a potentiation of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-10 and IL-1α1 in the analyzed female compared to male children. Conclusion: The present investigation shows an imbalance in the peripheral neuroimmune pathways that could be used in children as early biomarkers of the deficits observed in FASD.

scholarly journals Neuroinflammatory Markers in the Serum of Prepubertal Children with Down Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Tarani ◽  
Valentina Carito ◽  
Giampiero Ferraguti ◽  
Carla Petrella ◽  
Antonio Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Chromosomal Disorder ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Physical Features

Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder. Although DS individuals are mostly perceived as characterized by some distinct physical features, cognitive disabilities, and cardiac defects, they also show important dysregulations of immune functions. While critical information is available for adults with DS, little literature is available on the neuroinflammation in prepubertal DS children. We aimed to evaluate in prepubertal DS children the serum levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), oxidative stress as free oxygen radicals defense (FORD), free oxygen radicals test (FORT), and cytokines playing key roles in neuroinflammation and oxidative processes as TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12. No differences were found in NGF between DS children and controls. However, BDNF was higher in DS subjects compared to controls. We also did not reveal changes in FORD and FORT. Quite interestingly, the serum of DS children disclosed a marked decrease in all analyzed cytokines with evident differences in serum cytokine presence between male and female DS children. In conclusion, the present study evidences in DS prepubertal children a disruption in the neurotrophins and immune system pathways.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document