Determination of freeze-drying process variables for strawberries

Lycium barbarum as raw materials, after press, enzymatic hydrolysis, separation and drying process to a series of different Lycium barbarum products, through determination of effective ingredients content, such as carotenoid, amino acid, crude protein, crude fat, tried to explore the influence of effective component on different processing methods. The result showed that after pressing, enzymatic hydrolysis, separation technology, a large number of carotenoid, amino acid was retained in original slurry, juice, clear juice only have little. The carotenoid content of freeze-drying fruit were lost obiously during the different course of drying, such as air-drying, mechanical-drying, freeze-drying. Spray drying can destroy crude protein and fat activity, but it can be used to improve free amino acid in Lycium barbarum.

Download Full-text

PEMODELAN PROSES PENGERINGAN MEKANIS TEPUNG KASAVA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PNEUMATIC DRYER: HUBUNGAN KAPASITAS OUTPUT DENGAN VARIABEL PROSES PENGERINGAN (Modelling on Mechanical Cassava Flour Drying Process by Using Pneumatic Dryer: Correlation of Output Capacity and Drying Process Variables)

Jurnal Agritech ◽

10.22146/agritech.12869 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (02) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Yus Witdarko ◽

Nursigit Bintoro ◽

Bandul Suratmo ◽

Budi Rahadjo

Keyword(s):

Simple Calculation ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Process Variables ◽

Drying Process ◽

Mathematical Relationship ◽

Cassava Flour ◽

Output Capacity ◽

Pneumatic Drying ◽

Process Output

In the drying process, output capacity (Qo) is one of important parameter which should be known because it can beused to evaluate the effectiveness of drying process performance. Theoritically, determination of the output capacityof the drying machine in pneumatic drying is still relatively complex. So, a simple calculation method to predictoutput capacity of the pneumatic drying machine is required. The main objective of this research was to formulatea mathematical relationship between Qo value and various pneumatic drying variables of cassava flour by applyingdimensional analysis. The results showed relationship between Qo value and the drying process variables as follows:This equation has a quite high coefficient of determination, and potentially usable for predicting the output capacity inpneumatic drying. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the dimensionless product which had the largest effect on Qo was ...that reached 11.53%.Keywords: Cassava flour, pneumatic drying, dimensional analysis, output capacity ABSTRAKPada proses pengeringan, kapasitas output (Qo) merupakan salah satu parameter penting yang perlu diketahui.Parameter ini dapat dipakai untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas kinerja proses pengeringan. Pada metode pengeringansecara pneumatik, penentuan kapasitas output mesin pengering secara teoritis, masih relatif komplek. Diperlukan caraperhitungan yang lebih sederhana untuk dapat memprediksi kapasitas output mesin pengering pneumatik. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghubungkan secara matematis antara nilai Qo dengan beberapa variabel prosespengeringan pneumatik tepung kasava dengan menggunakan metode analisis dimensi. Hasil analisis data memberikanhubungan antara nilai Qo dengan variabel-variabel proses pengeringan sebagai berikut:Persamaan tersebut mempunyai nilai koefisien determinasi yang cukup besar, sehingga dapat digunakan untukmemprediksi kapasitas output pada pengeringan pneumatik. Hasil uji sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa dimensionlessproduct yang paling berpengaruh terhadap nilai Qo adalah ... yang mencapai 11,53%.Kata kunci: Tepung kasava, pneumatic drying, analisis dimensi, kapasitas output

Download Full-text

DEGRADATION OF 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID BY Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain HH

ACADEMIA JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY ◽

10.15625/2615-9023/v40n3.12694 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Nguyen Thi Oanh ◽

Ha Danh Duc ◽

Tran Dat Huy ◽

Nguyen Gia Hien ◽

Nguyen Thi Huynh Nhu

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Exponential Growth Phase ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Drying Process ◽

Suspension Cells ◽

Edwards Model ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Cell Growth Kinetics

Pseudomonas fluorescens HH isolated from soil utilized 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) as a sole carbon and energy source. The strain completely utilized 1.0 mM of 2,4D within 30 hr. The immobilized Pseudomonas fluorescens HH degraded 2,4D with higher rates compared to the rates of free-suspension cells. The determination of degradation and cell growth kinetics in exponential growth phase of bacteria showed that both fitted with the Edwards model, in which the maximal utilization rates and inhibition coefficient were 0.079 ± 0.008 mM/h and 0.820 ± 0.03 mM, respectively. The addition of glycerol as a cryoprotectant into alginate increased the survival of bacteria in beads during freeze-drying process, which resulted in reducing the adverse effects of bead lyophilization.

Download Full-text

Modelling the primary drying step for the determination of the optimal dynamic heating pad temperature in a continuous pharmaceutical freeze-drying process for unit doses

International Journal of Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 532 (1) ◽

pp. 185-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laurens De Meyer ◽

Joris Lammens ◽

Séverine Thérèse F.C. Mortier ◽

Brecht Vanbillemont ◽

Pieter Jan Van Bockstal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Freeze Drying ◽

Drying Process ◽

Optimal Dynamic ◽

Dynamic Heating

Download Full-text

Video real-time imaging of artificial membranes during freeze-drying by cryo-electron microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010010216x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 16-17

Author(s):

Alan S. Rudolph ◽

Ronald R. Price

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Video Capture ◽

Drying Process ◽

Artificial Membranes ◽

The Past ◽

Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽

Spherical Structures ◽

Capture Techniques

We have employed cryoelectron microscopy to visualize events that occur during the freeze-drying of artificial membranes by employing real time video capture techniques. Artificial membranes or liposomes which are spherical structures within internal aqueous space are stabilized by water which provides the driving force for spontaneous self-assembly of these structures. Previous assays of damage to these structures which are induced by freeze drying reveal that the two principal deleterious events that occur are 1) fusion of liposomes and 2) leakage of contents trapped within the liposome [1]. In the past the only way to access these events was to examine the liposomes following the dehydration event. This technique allows the event to be monitored in real time as the liposomes destabilize and as water is sublimed at cryo temperatures in the vacuum of the microscope. The method by which liposomes are compromised by freeze-drying are largely unknown. This technique has shown that cryo-protectants such as glycerol and carbohydrates are able to maintain liposomal structure throughout the drying process.

Download Full-text

A Toolbox for the Determination of Nitroaromatic Explosives in Marine Water, Sediment, and Biota Samples on Femtogram Levels by GC-MS/MS

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9030060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Tobias Hartwig Bünning ◽

Jennifer Susanne Strehse ◽

Ann Christin Hollmann ◽

Tom Bötticher ◽

Edmund Maser

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Freeze Drying ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Direct Extraction ◽

Time Saving ◽

Marine Samples ◽

Volume Method ◽

Biota Samples

To determine the amount of the explosives 1,3-dinitrobenzene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and its metabolites in marine samples, a toolbox of methods was developed to enhance sample preparation and analysis of various types of marine samples, such as water, sediment, and different kinds of biota. To achieve this, established methods were adapted, improved, and combined. As a result, if explosive concentrations in sediment or mussel samples are greater than 10 ng per g, direct extraction allows for time-saving sample preparation; if concentrations are below 10 ng per g, techniques such as freeze-drying, ultrasonic, and solid-phase extraction can help to detect even picogram amounts. Two different GC-MS/MS methods were developed to enable the detection of these explosives in femtogram per microliter. With a splitless injector, limits of detection (LODs) between 77 and 333 fg/µL could be achieved in only 6.25 min. With the 5 µL programmable temperature vaporization—large volume method (PTV-LVI), LODs between 8 and 47 fg/µL could be achieved in less than 7 min. The detection limits achieved by these methods are among the lowest published to date. Their reliability has been tested and confirmed by measuring large and diverse sample sets.

Download Full-text