Bipolar sensation seeking is associated with a propensity to abuse rather than to temperamental characteristics

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Henry ◽  
F. Bellivier ◽  
F. Sorbara ◽  
S. Tangwongchai ◽  
J. Lacoste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Type I ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
High Degree

SummaryObjective. As some temperament profiles may be markers of genetic vulnerability traits, we aimed to compare sensation seeking in euthymic bipolar patients and in controls. Methods. One hundred ninety-four patients fulfilling DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorders (BP), 81% of whom presented type I BP, and 95 controls were included in this study. Euthymia was assessed using both the MADRS and Bech mania scales. Subjects were evaluated using the French abbreviated form of Zuckerman’s Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), which provide a total score (TS) and four subscores: Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS), Experience Seeking (ES), Disinhibition (Dis), and Boredom Susceptibility (BS). Results. SSS total score differed significantly between men (17.2 ± 0.5) and women (15.3 ± 0.6) (P = 0.02) and all the subscores were negatively correlated with age. On adjustement for sex and age, we found that bipolar patients had a high Dis score (P = 0.003). However, if the same analysis was performed with a lifetime history of alcohol abuse or dependence as a covariable, no such difference was found (P = 0.436). The SSS demonstrated a high degree of test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.91). Conclusion. These results suggest that sensation seeking assessed with the SSS is not a temperament characteristic associated with bipolar disorders but is instead linked to a tendency towards alcohol abuse.

Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Bipolar Disorders (BD): Findings from the BIMET study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. González-Pinto ◽  
E. Vieta ◽  
J.M. Montes ◽  
J. Rejas-Gutiérrez ◽  
F. Mesa
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Obesity Class ◽  
Routine Medical Practice ◽  
Dsm Iv

Purpose:To evaluate the 12-months prospective evolution of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with types I or II Bipolar Disorder (BD) in Spain.Methods:The BIMET study is a 12-month, prospective, multicentre, naturalistic study which enrolled patients with type I or II BD according to DSM-IV TR criteria. Fasting blood levels of glucose, total, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides as well as weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were recorded. The National Cholesterol Educational Program (NCEP)-ATP III definition was applied to consider presence of metabolic syndrome (MS).Results:A total of 524 patients were enrolled; 73% type I and 27% type II. 61.9% women, mean age 46.3 years. 28.4% of subjects work regularly. Smokers were 42.2%, 15.1% had a substance abuse history, 34.2% were obese according with WHO criteria (obesity class I; 23.2%, class II; 7.5%, and class III; 3.5%) and overweight was found in 37.4% of sample. Prevalence of diabetes was 7.3%, hypertension was present in 24.7%, 18.5% had cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL and 36.2% had triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL. Overall prevalence of MS was 27.0% (95% CI: 22.7%-31.3%), with 27.3% (22.2%-32.3%) in type I BD and 27.1% (19.0%-36.6%) in type II (p=0.973).Conclusions:The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in type I / II BD patients was considerably higher than in the general population. As an excess of mortality due to metabolic and cardiovascular reasons pointed out in these patients, it is recommended a close clinical monitoring of such parameters in the routine medical practice.

The impact of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among 92 bipolar patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fornaro ◽  
G. Perugi
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Type I ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV)-defined premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) lifetime co-morbidity among 92 bipolar patients.MethodNinety-two women with a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-IV-defined Bipolar Disorder (BD) either type I or type II were consecutively enrolled to determine co-morbidity rates with PMDD and associated clinical features. Measures included the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) rating scale.ResultsIn our sample, 25 (27.2%) patients reported a lifetime history of PMDD according to DSM-IV criteria (PMDD+). PMDD+ reported higher rates of Cyclothymia and BP-II than PMDD− (respectively 72% vs. 36% and 88% vs. 60%). On the contrary, the carbohydrate-craving feature was more represented among PMDD− than PMDD+ (25% vs. 4%). PMDD was also significantly associated with post-partum depression (36% vs. 15%), Obsessive-Compulsive (24% vs. 7.5%) and Body Dysmorphic Disorders (24% vs. 6%). Finally, PMDD+ reported higher total number of Axis I co-morbid disorders than PMDD−.ConclusionsIn our cohort of BD women, PMDD is a frequent co-morbid condition, in particular among patients with BD-II or Cyclothymia. Multiple co-morbidities also represent a clinical variable associated with PMDD. Further perspective studies are necessary to better define the relationships between PMDD and BD.

Subthreshold Manifestations of Bipolar Disorders as Health Care’s tool

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Mazza ◽  
D. Harnic ◽  
G. Marano ◽  
V. Catalano ◽  
L. Janiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Disorder Type

Introdution:Our study represents a pilot evaluation about how the MOOD-SR recognizes subthreshold manifestations that may be associated with clinical symptomatology in a group of bipolar patients.Methods:At Day Hospital of Psychiatry, Policlinico “A. Gemelli”, Bipolar Disorders Unit, it has been conducted an experimental study on a heterogeneous sample of 24 patients with a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder type I. Patients have been assessed with the MOOD-SR, a clinical self-reported interview, that is specific for the spectrum of subthreshold pathology, and with the Quality of Life (QoL), that investigates the patient's quality of life.Results:We have found that 16 patients on 24 report a score higher than 60 (68,4%). Among these, 10 female patients on 15 have a total score higer than 61 (68.75%) while 6 male patients on 9 obtain a total score higher than 60 (62,5%). However, these results have only preliminary value, further studies are needed in order to obtain a deeper evaluation.Conclusion:Spectrum manifestations are both indicator of course and response to treatment and predictive for relapse. This finding may represent an important preventive instrument for maniacal relapse in patients with Bipolar Disorder, that is often underdiagnosed or confused for Unipolar Depression. By adequately recognizing the problem we will be able to refine diagnosis and individualize therapy.

Bipolar Disorder and Cannabis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S118-S119
Author(s):  
G. Jmii ◽  
M. Zghal ◽  
F. Ghali ◽  
M. Mezghenni ◽  
L. Jouini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Bipolar Patients

IntroductionPeople with bipolar disorder frequently struggle with substance abuse and dependence. Typically, cannabis is the most commonly abused drug in individuals with bipolar disorder. Some investigators have implied that cannabis may actually be mood stabilizing in patients with bipolar disorder. However, the relationships between cannabis use and bipolar disorders are complex and remain incompletely described.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of addiction to cannabis in bipolar patients type I and determine the consequences of cannabis on the expression of bipolar illness and prognosis.MethodsThis is a comparative cross-sectional study which included patients followed in the psychiatry department of the G Razi hospital for bipolar disorder type I and for substance dependence according to DSM IV diagnostic criteria. Hetero-questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, clinical and treatment.ResultsThe average age was 41 years. The average hospital stay was 9.18 days. 33.33% of patients were monitored regularly. Most patients were single and worked as a day labourer. Cannabis was the most consumed substance. Cannabis use was prior to the expression of psychiatric illness in 55% of cases. The average number of hospitalisation in patients with a cannabis addiction was significantly greater than that observed in the non-addicted group. Similarly, the average number of suicide attempts among patients with cannabis addiction was significantly higher than the group without cannabis addiction.ConclusionsAggressive drug abuse treatment immediately after a first psychiatric hospitalisation might decrease rates of recurrence and new cases of cannabis use disorder in the course of bipolar disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

260. A 1H-MRSI hippocampal study in bipolar patients with a history of alcohol abuse

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. S79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Frye ◽  
A. Bertolino ◽  
J.H. Callicott ◽  
J.D. Repella ◽  
R.L. Rakow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Development of a Stimulus-Variation Seeking Scale for Adults

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald K. Penney ◽  
Robert C. Reinehr
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Exteroceptive Stimulus ◽  
Scholastic Aptitude ◽  
Stimulus Variation ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
High Test

The development of a Stimulus Variation Seeking Scale (SVSS) which purportedly measures the amount of exteroceptive stimulus variation seeking customarily sought by an individual is described. The SVSS had high test-retest reliability and some discriminant validity in that it showed little or no relationship to manifest anxiety, authoritarianism, or scholastic aptitude. However, the scale correlated positively with perceived movement in the autokinetic situation, sensation seeking as measured by the Sensation Seeking Scale and originality as measured by a modified version of Guilford's Unusual Uses Test, indicating that the scale possesses some convergent validity.

Evidence of a Founder Effect for the Protein C Gene 3363 Inserted C Mutation in Thrombophilic Pedigrees of French Origin

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1000-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Bovill ◽  
Christine Demers ◽  
Robert Delage ◽  
Bruce Scott ◽  
Julia Valliere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Founder Effect ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Type I ◽  
French Canadian ◽  
Protein C Deficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

SummaryWe have previously reported that the 3363 inserted (Ins) C mutation in exon 6 of the protein C gene was present in four unrelated French patients and in four French Canadian families with type I protein C deficiency as well as in a large Vermont protein C deficient kindred of French Canadian origin. The present study was designed to investigate the likelihood of the existence of a founder effect for this mutation in protein C deficient individuals of French origin living in France, Québec and Vermont. In order to demonstrate a possible founder effect for the 3363 InsC mutation, we have previously constructed a high-resolution genetic map to locate several highly polymorphic markers close to the protein C locus. Thereafter, the markers D2S347, D2S2339, D2S383, D2S2271 and D2S2215 were genotyped in 117 heterozygotes from France (n = 7), Québec (n = 36) or Vermont (n = 74). The allelic frequency distribution of these five markers was also determined in fifty control French Canadian subjects and thirty-two unaffected members of the Vermont kindred with normal protein C levels and compared with their frequency in our cohort of heterozygotes. Our data suggest that patients from Québec and Vermont carry a common haplotype at the protein C locus. Moreover, in order to study the evolutionary history of the 3363 InsC mutation, we traced back the ascending genealogy of one proband in each of the families with this mutation. These results showed that the 3363 InsC mutation was most probably introduced in North America by a couple of French settlers who established themselves in 1669 on Isle d‘Orleans located near Québec City. All heterozygotes for the 3363 InsC mutation living in North America are related to these founders within 10 generations. Thus, these families afford a unique opportunity to evaluate the role of the protein C system in thrombophilia due to the high degree of linkage disequilibrium at the protein C gene, which in essence holds that variable more constant than in a more heterogeneous population.

scholarly journals Variation in Aggressiveness Among Isolates of Cercospora from Maize as a Potential Cause of Genotype-Environment Interaction in Gray Leaf Spot Trials

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1089-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Carson ◽  
M. M. Goodman ◽  
S. M. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Gray Leaf Spot ◽  
Type I ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Degree

The use of genetically resistant maize hybrids is the preferred means of control of gray leaf spot, caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis. One problem faced by maize breeders attempting to breed for resistance to gray leaf spot is the high degree of genotype-environment interactions observed in disease trials. In North Carolina gray leaf spot trials conducted at four locations in the western part of the state, we found consistent hybrid-location interactions over the 1995 and 1996 growing seasons. Isolates of C. zeae-maydis from those test locations were evaluated on the same hybrids used in the multilocation testing at a location in central North Carolina that does not have a history of gray leaf spot. The hybrid-isolate interactions observed in the isolate trial mirrored the hybrid-location effects seen in the multilocation testing. Most of the interactions arose from changes in the magnitude of differences between hybrids when inoculated with the isolates rather than from any change in hybrid ranking. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and mitochondrial rDNA RFLPs of those isolates and others revealed that both type I and type II sibling species of C. zeae-maydis, as well as C. sorghi var. maydis, are isolated from typical gray leaf spot lesions. Breeders should use the most aggressive isolates of C. zeae-maydis to maximize discrimination between genotypes in gray leaf spot trials.

Comorbidity of DSM–IV Personality Disorders in Unipolar and Bipolar Affective Disorders: A Comparative Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Schiavone ◽  
Stella Dorz ◽  
Donatella Conforti ◽  
Caterina Scarso ◽  
Giuseppe Borgherini
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of Personality Disorders assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for Axis-II in 155 inpatients diagnosed with Unipolar Disorder vs inpatients with Bipolar Disorder (39). The most frequent Axis II diagnoses among Unipolar inpatients were Borderline (31.6%), Dependent (25.2%), and Obsessive-Compulsive (14.2%) Personality Disorders. Among Bipolar inpatients, the most prevalent personality disorders were Borderline (41%), Narcissistic (20.5%), Dependent (12.8%), and Histrionic disorders (10.3%). Using chi squared analysis, few differences in distribution emerged between the two groups: Unipolar patients had more recurrent Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder than Bipolar patients (χ12 = 6.24, p < .005). Comorbid Narcissistic Personality Disorder was significantly more frequent in the Bipolar than in the Unipolar group (χ12 = 6.34, p < .01). Considering the three clusters (DSM–IV classification), there was a significant difference between the groups, Cluster C (fearful, avoidant) diagnoses being more frequent in the Unipolar than in the Bipolar group (48.4% vs 20.5%, respectively). Cluster B (dramatic, emotionally erratic) diagnoses were found more frequently in patients with Bipolar Disorders (71.8% vs 45.2% in Unipolar patients, χ22 = 10.1, p < .006). The differences in the distribution and prevalence of Personality Disorders between the two patient groups are discussed.

scholarly journals Predictive Capacity of Drug Use, Impulsivity and Sensation-Seeking in Aggressors and Victims of Violence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
María del Mar Molero Jurado ◽  
María del Mar Simón Márquez ◽  
José Jesús Gázquez Linares
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Variables ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
High Degree

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was therefore to analyze the predictive capacity of the three variables (impulsivity, sensation-seeking and drug use) in aggressors and victims of violence. (2) Methods: The design is cross-sectional quasi-experimental. A sample of 822 students aged 13 to 18 who had filled in an ad hoc questionnaire, the State Impulsivity Scale and the Sensation-Seeking Scale, was used for this. (3) Results: The results show that aggressors had high levels of gratification, automatism, attentional factor, disinhibition and susceptibility to boredom, and use alcohol and/or tobacco. The variables that could predict involvement as an aggressor in peer conflict are use of alcohol, smoking, high levels of gratification, automatism and attentional factors and a high degree of disinhibition and susceptibility to boredom. The disinhibition is the best predictor of aggressor. (4) Conclusions: Thus having available empirical evidence that facilitates detection of predictive variables for participation in violence is going to favor the design of effective education intervention for reducing risk behavior.

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