The effects of olanzapine in treatment of panic disorder with and without agoraphobia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
N. Mokhber ◽  
F. Savadkoohi
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cognition Scale

BackgroundIn this study, we have evaluated the effects of Olanzapine in treatment of panic disorder with and without agoraphobia.Method and materialsPatients whit resistant panic disorder (resistant to tow SSRI agents) who came to psychiatric clinic of Ibn-e-Sina and Ghaem Hospitals-Mashhad during 2004–2005 were enrolled in this study. Low dose Olanzapine (2.5 milligram per day) was administered initially. ALL cases were evaluated by different psychiatric tests such as agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire panic attack and anticipatory anxiety scale, Hamilton depression test and general functional assessment.ResultsIn this study, 30 patients were divided into two groups of panic disorder with agoraphobia (13 cases) and panic disorder without agrophobia (17 cases). Comparing these two groups, all indexes were improved significantly by time but The frequency of panic attacks in the last week minor panic attack duration of panic attacks agoraphobic cognition scale and Hamilton depression indexes were Improved significantly especially in those cases with panic disorder and agoraphobia Although the therapeutic response according to anxiety score, total panic attacks Hamilton depression test and general functional assessment was not showed any Difference.ConclusionOlanzapine augmentation has acceptable effects in the treatment of drug resistant panic disorder with agoraphobia and therapeutic effects were more significant among patients with panic disorder without agoraphobia.

scholarly journals Coronavirus disease-19 Pandemic-Induced Panic Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
Muhammad Surya Husada ◽  
Mustafa M. Amin ◽  
Munawir Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
The Individual

Background: COVID-19 is a newly emerging infectious disease which is found to be caused by SARS-2. COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide causing a rapidly increasing number of mental disorders cases, primarily anxiety disorder. Since majority of panic disorder patients are present with great anxiety in response to their physical or respiratory symptoms, support and encouragement from psychiatrist or therapist are fundamental to alleviate the severity of the symptoms. Case Report: We reported a case of COVID-19 induced panic disorder in a woman, 52 years old, batak tribe who started to experience multiple panic attacks since one of her family members was confirmed to be Covid-10 positive. Conclusion: In general, panic disorder is a common diagnosis, but this case appeared to be interesting as it is induced by COVID-19 pandemic. As in this case, the individual who experienced multiple panic attack is not even a COVID-19 patient but has one of her family member affected by the virus. A wide body of evidence has shown that this pandemic massively contributes to worsening of psychosocial burden in nationwide.

Recurrent episodes of intense fear, shortness of breath, racing heart, and sweating

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Christina L. Macenski
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Intense Fear ◽  
Therapy Intervention ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Panic disorder consists of recurrent, unexpected panic attacks accompanied by persistent worry about future attacks and/or a maladaptive change in behavior related to the attacks. A panic attack is defined as an abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes that occurs in conjunction with several other associated symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Features of panic disorder that are more common in adolescents than in adults include less worry about additional panic attacks and decreased willingness to openly discuss their symptoms. All patients with suspected panic disorder should undergo a medical history, physical examination, and laboratory workup to exclude medical causes of panic attacks. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) including interoceptive exposures is the gold standard therapy intervention. Medications including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) can also help reduce symptoms.

Childhood abuse and familial violence and the risk of panic attacks and panic disorder in young adulthood

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENEE D. GOODWIN ◽  
DAVID M. FERGUSSON ◽  
L. JOHN HORWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Interparental Violence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. The objectives of the study were to examine linkages between exposure to childhood abuse and interparental violence and the subsequent development of panic attacks and panic disorder using data gathered on a birth cohort of 1265 New Zealand young people studied to the age of 21 years.Method. Data on: (a) exposure to child abuse and interparental violence; (b) the development of panic attacks and panic disorder; and (c) other childhood and related factors were gathered over the course of a 21-year longitudinal study.Results. After adjustment for childhood and related factors, exposure to childhood physical abuse was associated with a significantly increased risk of later panic attack (OR 2·3, 95% CI 1·1–4·9) and panic disorder (OR 3·0, 95% CI 1·1–7·9); childhood sexual abuse was associated with a significantly increased risk of panic attack (OR 4·1, 95% CI 2·3–7·2) and a marginally significant increase risk of panic disorder (OR 2·2; 95% CI 0·98–5·0). Exposure to interparental violence was unrelated to later panic attack or disorder after adjustment.Conclusions. Exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse was associated with increased risks of later panic attack/disorder even after adjustment for prospectively assessed confounding factors. However, exposure to interparental violence during childhood was not related to increased risk of later panic attack/disorder after adjustment. These data suggest the need for clinicians to be aware that patients with histories of childhood physical and sexual abuse may be at increased risk for panic during young adulthood.

scholarly journals Diurnal panic attacks with and without nocturnal panic attacks: are there some phenomenological differences?

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana L Lopes ◽  
Antonio E Nardi ◽  
Isabella Nascimento ◽  
Alexandre M Valença ◽  
Marco A Mezzasalma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To compare nocturnal and diurnal panic attacks in a cross-sectional study and in a longitudinal prospective short-term follow-up. METHODS: We selected 57 panic disorder (PD) subjects (DSM-IV) and rated them with the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) at baseline and after 30 days of treatment with nortriptyline, and with the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Brown Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) Scale at baseline. RESULTS: The sample was divided into a nocturnal and diurnal panic attack (NDPA) group - 57.9% (n = 33) - and a diurnal panic attack (DPA) group - 42.1% (n = 24). The groups showed a similar mean age at onset of PD and a pattern of prominent respiratory symptoms. The PDSS did not differ between the groups following short-term treatment (p = 0.451). There were also neither significant differences in Neuroticism (p = 0.094) and Extroversion (p = 0.269) nor in the Brown ADD Scale (p = 0.527). CONCLUSION: In our study, patients with both nocturnal and diurnal panic attacks showed similar features in their phenomenology and short-term outcome when compared to pure diurnal panic attacks patients.

scholarly journals A Case of Thyroid Storm Caused by Graves' Disease Misdiagnosed as Panic Attack Due to Panic Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Yasuda ◽  
Jun Kumakura ◽  
Oka Kiyonori ◽  
Kazuhito Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Initial Examination

Abstract BackgroundGraves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism and the symptoms of Graves' disease often overlap with those of panic disorder, which may make it difficult to distinguish between the two conditions. In this report, we describe how proper diagnosis of thyroid disease in patients with mental illness can lead to appropriate treatment.Case presentationWe encountered a 34-year-old woman in whom thyroid crisis from Graves’ disease was misdiagnosed as panic attack. The patient was being managed as a case of panic disorder and bipolar disorder in a psychiatric outpatient setting. About 6 months before presentation, she had lost about 16 kg in weight, and a month before presentation, she developed several unpleasant symptoms as her condition worsened. Several weeks before, she had severe palpitations, tachycardia, and discomfort in her throat. She became unable to eat solids and ate only yogurt and gelatin and felt difficult to take psychiatric drugs.A day on the Sunday morning, she visited our department of emergency outpatient with severe nausea. Examination revealed proptosis, and so thyroid function tests were requested in addition to routine blood tests. There was no improvement in her condition, and she returned to hospital in the early hours of the next morning. Based on her symptoms, she was diagnosed as having panic attacks due to panic disorder and was given diazepam injection and allowed to go home. There was no suspicion of Graves' disease.Later that day, the thyroid function test results became available and thyroid storm was suspected. The endocrinology department was consulted immediately and she was referred and hospitalized the next day. During hospitalization, she was treated with steroid and radioisotope therapy, and was discharged from hospital in three weeks. ConclusionPsychiatrists and doctors engaged in psychosomatic medicine need to consider the possibility of thyroid disease as a differential diagnosis of panic disorder. It is necessary to check thyroid function at the initial examination when a patient presents with symptoms of severe panic attack.

Prevalence of Panic in Adolescents: A Brief Report

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Zgourides ◽  
Ricks Warren
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
School Students ◽  
Few Data

In a recent survey of panic attacks administered to 338 high school students, a significant number of adolescents (31.9%) reported experiencing at least one panic attack meeting DSM-III diagnostic criteria. In addition, 4.7% of the students reported experiencing panic severely and frequently enough to fulfill diagnostic criteria for panic disorder. These prevalence rates are consistent with the findings of current research into the incidence of panic phenomena among adults and provide evidence for the commonality of panic across various age groups. As there are few data concerning the incidence of anxiety disorders in adolescents, further investigation into the prevalence of panic in this population is warranted.

scholarly journals A case of thyroid storm caused by Graves' disease misdiagnosed as panic attack due to panic disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Yasuda ◽  
Jun Kumakura ◽  
Oka Kiyonori ◽  
Kazuhito Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Initial Examination

Abstract Background Graves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism and the symptoms of Graves' disease often overlap with those of panic disorder, which may make it difficult to distinguish between the two conditions.In this report, we describe how proper diagnosis of thyroid disease in patients with mental illness can lead to appropriate treatment.Case presentation We encountered a 34-year-old woman in whom thyroid crisis from Graves’ disease was misdiagnosed as panic attack. The patient was being managed as a case of panic disorder and bipolar disorder in a psychiatric outpatient setting. About 6 months before presentation, she had lost about 16 kg in weight, and a month before presentation, she developed several unpleasant symptoms as her condition worsened. Several weeks before, she had severe palpitations, tachycardia, and discomfort in her throat. She became unable to eat solids and ate only yogurt and gelatin and felt difficult to take psychiatric drugs.A day on the Sunday morning, she visited our department of emergency outpatient with severe nausea. Examination revealed proptosis, and so thyroid function tests were requested in addition to routine blood tests. There was no improvement in her condition, and she returned to hospital in the early hours of the next morning. Based on her symptoms, she was diagnosed as having panic attacks due to panic disorder and was given diazepam injection and allowed to go home. There was no suspicion of Graves' disease.Later that day, the thyroid function test results became available and thyroid storm was suspected. The endocrinology department was consulted immediately and she was referred and hospitalized the next day. During hospitalization, she was treated with steroid and radioisotope therapy, and was discharged from hospital in three weeks. Conclusion Psychiatrists and doctors engaged in psychosomatic medicine need to consider the possibility of thyroid disease as a differential diagnosis of panic disorder. It is necessary to check thyroid function at the initial examination when a patient presents with symptoms of severe panic attack.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide induced panic attacks and short term clonazepam treatment: preliminary study

1999 ◽  
Vol 57 (2B) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIO EGIDIO NARDI ◽  
ALEXANDRE M. VALENÇA ◽  
WALTER ZIN ◽  
ISABELLA NASCIMENTO
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
Gas Inhalation ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Clonazepam Therapy

AIMS: 1. To verify the sensibility of panic patients to a mixture of 35% CO2 and 65% O2. 2. To determine if a ten days treatment with clonazepam attenuates the panic attacks induced by the inhalation of 35% carbon dioxide in panic disorder. METHOD: We randomly selected six panic disorder subjects, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. All subjects went double-blindly through an inhalation of 35% CO2 and compressed gas (atmospheric air) on two occasions. First, at baseline, when they were drug free. Second, after a 10 days clonazepam treatment. RESULTS: Neither at baseline nor after treatment any patient had a panic attack during compressed gas inhalation. At the first test five patients (83.3%) had a severe panic attack with high levels of subjective anxiety during carbon dioxide inhalation. After 9.6 (± 3.4) days of clonazepam treatment, only two (33.3%) patients experienced a mild panic attack. CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests the efficacy of the short term clonazepam therapy in attenuating panic attacks and supports the usefulness of the 35% carbon dioxide challenge test as an analogue method for study the efficacy of anti-panic drugs. Further placebo-controlled studies to pharmacological treatment are warranted.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide test as an additional clinical measure of treatment response in panic disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (2B) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre M. Valença ◽  
Antonio Egidio Nardi ◽  
Isabella Nascimento ◽  
Walter A. Zin ◽  
Márcio Versiani
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Free Status ◽  
Co2 Challenge

OBJECTIVE: We aim to determine if a treatment with a dose of clonazepam - 2 mg/day, for 6 weeks, blocks spontaneous panic attacks and the ones induced by the inhalation of 35% carbon dioxide (CO2) in panic disorder (PD) patients. The CO2 challenge-test may be a useful addition tool for measuring the pharmacological response during the initial phase (6 weeks) in the treatment of PD. METHOD: Eighteen PD patients drug free for a week participated in a carbon dioxide challenge test. Fourteen had a panic attack and were openly treated for a 6-week period with clonazepam. At the end of the 6-week period they were submitted again to the CO2 challenge test. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of treatment with clonazepam, 12 of 14 PD patients (85.7%) did not have a panic attack after the CO2 challenge test. Just 2 of 14 patients (14.3%) had a panic attack after the CO2 challenge test. Ten of 14 (71.4%) PD patients had panic free status after clonazepam treatment. The 2 patients who had a panic attack in the sixth week, after the CO2 test, did not have panic free status after the treatment with clonazepam. CONCLUSION: The CO2-test may be a valid tool for testing and predicting the drug response.

Psychological Defenses in Patients with Comorbid Panic Disorder and Alcoholism

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
D. Tsygankov ◽  
E. Agasaryan ◽  
D. Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Alcohol Addiction ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Psychological Differences ◽  
Panic Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Defenses

The aim of this study was to examine psychological differences between various groups of patients with comorbid panic disorder and alcoholism (n = 214). We investigated the use of defense mechanisms by life style index of R. Plutchik. Patients of first group (who experienced there first panic attack during withdrawal of alcohol and then has stopped use of alcohol) significantly higher used projection, displacement and repression. Patients, who have originally suffered from panic attacks which they tried to release with the alcohol (second group), significantly higher used projection. Patients who experienced panic attacks only during ingestion of alcohol (third group), significantly higher used denial and repression. Patients with panic attacks during clinical remission of alcohol addiction, who used alcohol to weaken the panic symptoms, which resulted in the heavy alcoholism recurrence (fourth group), significantly higher used repression, projection and denial. So, there were differences between groups on preferred defense mechanisms. the results of the study can help in understanding the pathogenesis of comorbid panic disorder and alcoholism.The study is supported by the President's grant ÌÊ-2670.

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