PP31. The relative economics of screening for colorectal cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S25-S26
Author(s):  
D Gvrd-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Breast

scholarly journals Function of N6-Methyladenosine Modification in Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Zuo ◽  
Yu Peng ◽  
Lielian Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Tumor Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Breast

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a dynamic and reversible methylation modification at the N6-position of adenosine. As one of the most prevalent posttranscriptional methylation modifications of RNA, m6A modification participates in several mRNA processes, including nuclear export, splicing, translation, and degradation. Some proteins, such as METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, ALKBH5, FTO, and YTHDF1/2/3, are involved in methylation. These proteins are subdivided into writers (METTL3, METTL14, WTAP), erasers (ALKBH5, FTO), and readers (YTHDF1/2/3) according to their functions in m6A modification. Several studies have shown that abnormal m6A modification occurs in tumors, including colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and gastric cancer. The proteins for m6A modification are involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunity, and other processes. Herein, the roles of m6A modification in cancer are discussed, which will improve the understanding of tumorigenesis, as well as the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tumors.

scholarly journals Lack of Association between Common Polymorphisms in Selenoprotein P Gene and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer, Breast Cancer, and Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hanjiang Xu ◽  
Fan Mo ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zongyao Hao ◽  
Xianguo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Selenoprotein P ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer

Background and Objective. Selenoprotein P (SEPP1) is the major selenoprotein in plasma. Previous studies have demonstrated that SEPP1 expression was reduced in human prostate and colon tumors. Nowadays, studies concerning SEPP1 gene polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility have been extensively investigated, whereas results from these studies remain debatable rather than conclusive. Thus, we performed the present meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the association between two common polymorphisms (rs3877899 and rs7579) in SEPP1 and cancer susceptibility. Method. We search the PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Wanfang (China) databases (up to December 1, 2020) to identify all eligible publications. The pooled odds ratio (OR) correspondence with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to evaluate the associations. Results. Finally, nine eligible studies with 7,157 cases and 6,440 controls and five studies with 2,278 cases and 2,821 controls were enrolled in rs3877899 and rs7579 polymorphisms, individually. However, a null significant association was detected between the two polymorphisms in SEPP1 and susceptibility to colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer in all comparison models. Subsequently, subgroup analysis based on tumor type, no significant association was identified for prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer. In addition, when the stratification analyses were conducted by the source of control, HWE status, and ethnicity, yet no significant association was found. Conclusions. The current meta-analysis shows that SEPP1 rs3877899 and rs7579 polymorphisms may not be associated with susceptibility to colon cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer, and further well-designed studies with a larger sample size are warranted to validate our findings.

Level and Factors Associated with Participation in PopulationBased Cancer Screening in Safranbolu District of Karabuk, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raziye ÖZDEMIR ◽  
Fatma TÜRKMEN ÇEVIK ◽  
Duygu KES ◽  
Merve KARACALI ◽  
Simge ÖZGÜNER
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Colorectal Cancers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Cervix, breast and colorectal cancers are included in the national population-based screening (PBS) program in Turkey. This study aimed to assess participation in PBSs for these cancers and to identify factors associated with participation in screenings in Safranbolu district of Karabuk, Turkey in 2016-2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, separate studying groups for cervix, breast and colorectal cancers were identified, taking into account the target age range specified in the national screening standards. The sample size was determined to be 374 for cervical cancer, 371 for breast cancer and 373 for colorectal cancer in the Epi-Info StatCalc program with a prevalence of 50%, a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and a 5% error margin. The results of the data collected through face-to-face interview using questionnaires were evaluated with Chisquare tests (P<0.05) and included in the binary logistic regression model. Results: Participation in PBS at least once between 2011 and 2016 years was 26.2% for cervical cancer, 27.6% for breast cancer and 31.6% for colorectal cancer, whereas the level of PBS or opportunistic screening at least once was 51.1%, 42.7% and 32.2%, respectively. A 2.9-fold increase in participation for the cervical cancer screening was associated with informing women about cervical cancer by the family physicians. Being married and living in the district center showed associations with a higher rate of participation for colorectal cancer screening. Conclusion: Participation in PBS was low for the 5.5-year period. More effort is needed to increase the effectiveness of the program.

Risk-adjustment models for breast, lung, and colorectal cancer cost, utilization, and outcomes in a commercially insured population.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18340-e18340
Author(s):  
Bhuvana Sagar ◽  
Yu Shen Lin ◽  
Liana Desharnais Castel
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Cost Drivers ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Cost Utilization

e18340 Background: Advances in oncology have led to rising costs which are unsustainable, necessitating value-based arrangements that maximize quality and overall outcomes. Our objective was to identify clinical and patient factors that predict higher costs and utilization among breast, lung, and colorectal cancer in a commercial population. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis of claims in a sample of 9,748 commercially insured patients with breast, lung, and colorectal cancer, to measure costs and utilization based on presence of metastases, proxies for clinical biomarkers, patient demographics, and treatments. Results: Episode Risk Group (ERG) risk score, metastasis, and facility provider affiliation were cost drivers for all three types of cancer (breast, lung, and colorectal). Hypertension and younger age were cost drivers for breast cancer. In addition, HER2 positive status (β = 68,946, SE = 2,104, p < .0001) was significant in breast cancer, and VEGF in both lung (β = 56,975, SE = 10,138, p < .0001) and colorectal (β = 24,400, SE = 5,671, p < .0001) cancers. Metastasis also was associated with greater hospital admissions and hospital length of stay in all three cancers. Chemotherapy and supportive drug therapies accounted for the highest proportions of total medical costs among beneficiaries observed. Conclusions: Value-based reimbursement models in oncology should appropriately risk adjust by accounting for key cost drivers. Although claims-based methodologies may be further augmented with clinical data, we recommend adjusting for the factors we identified in models to predict costs and outcomes in breast, lung, and colorectal cancers.

scholarly journals Personalized Medicine in Screening for Malignant Disease: A Review of Methods and Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. BMI.S11153 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Schmalfuss ◽  
P.L. Kolominsky-Rabas
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Potential Applications

Personalized medicine (PM) is currently a hot topic in the professional world. It is often called the medicine of the future and has already achieved resounding success in the area of targeted therapy. Nevertheless, integration of the concepts of PM into routine clinical practice is slow. This review is intended to give an overview of current and potential applications of PM in oncology. PM could soon play a decisive role, especially in screening. The relevance of PM in screening was examined in the case of four common cancers (colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer). A literature search was performed. This showed that biomarkers in particular play a crucial role in screening. In summary, it can be emphasized that there are already numerous known promising biomarkers in malignant disease. This results in several possibilities for individualizing and revolutionizing screening.

scholarly journals 1047Epidemiology of different Cancers in Rural Jodhpur (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singh ◽  
Pankaja Raghav
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Sampling Frame

Abstract Background Cancer is the second leading cause of death in India accounting for nearly 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Crude annual incidence rate of all cancers together in Rajasthan has increased from 1990 to 2016 from 58.8 to 72.6 per lakh population. Few studies done are based on hospitals and pathology centres, but the data is limited. Community based study is required to know the true burden and trend of cancer prevalent in the region. Methods A sampling frame was prepared from all the blocks in rural Jodhpur, one block was selected by simple random sampling. Then another sampling frame was prepared by enlisting the villages in the selected block, one third villages were selected by simple random sampling. Results Based on interim analysis, 25 villages have been surveyed till date, with the population of 57,856. We found 91 (0.16%) cancer patients, out of which burden of Oral cancer (19,20.87%) was highest followed by Breast cancer (17,19.31%), Laryngeal cancer (10,10.98%), Primary brain tumours (6,6.59%) respectively. Other cancers were Oesophageal cancer (5) Colorectal cancer (5) Cervical cancer (4) Leukemia (4) Bone tumours (4) Stomach cancer (4) Intestinal cancer (3) Pharyngeal cancer (3) Urinary bladder cancer (1) Thyroid cancer (1) Uterus cancer (1) Lung cancer (1) Renal cell carcinoma (1) Hepatocellular carcinoma (1) and Skin Cancer (1).Tobacco and Opium consumption were found to be associated with Oral and Laryngeal cancer. Conclusions According to the World Cancer Report 2020, Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality followed by Breast cancer Colorectal cancer, Prostate cancer, Stomach cancer and Cervical cancer which is different from the pattern of Western India. Key messages This study highlights the common cancers and the need to have a public health approach to identify or create awareness for quick treatment.

Changes in stage at diagnosis of screenable cancers after the Affordable Care Act.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6521-6521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Han ◽  
Chun Chieh Lin ◽  
Ahmedin Jemal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Female Breast

6521 Background: Extensive evidence links inadequate insurance with later stage at cancer diagnosis, particularly for cancers that can be detected by screening. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) implemented in 2014 has substantially increased insurance coverage for Americans 18-64 years old. This study aims to examine any changes in stage at diagnosis after the ACA for the following cancers for which screening is recommended for individuals at risk: female breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer. Methods: We used National Cancer Data Base, a nationally hospital-based cancer registry capturing 70% new cancer cases in the US each year, to identify nonelderly cancer patients with screening-appropriate age who were diagnosed during 2013-2014. The percentage of stage I disease was calculated for each cancer type before (2013 Q1-Q3) and after (2014 Q2-Q4) the ACA. 2013 Q4-2014 Q1 was excluded as a washout/phase-in period. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using log-binomial models controlling for age, race/ethnicity and sex if applicable. Results: 121,855 female breast cancer patients aged 40-64 years, 39,568 colorectal cancer patients aged 50-64 years, 11,265 cervical cancer patients aged 21-64 years, 59,626 prostate cancer patients aged 50-64 years, and 41,504 lung cancer patients aged 55-64 years were identified. After the implementation of the ACA, the percentage of stage I disease increased statistically significantly for female breast cancer (47.8% vs. 48.9%; PR = 1.02 [95%CI 1.01-1.03]), colorectal cancer (22.8% vs. 23.7%; PR = 1.04 [95%CI 1-1.08]), and lung cancer (16.6% vs. 17.7%; PR = 1.06 [95% CI 1.02-1.11]). A shift to stage I disease was also observed for cervical cancer (47.2% vs. 48.7%; PR = 1.02 [95% CI 0.98-1.06]) although not statistically significant. In contrast, the percentage of stage I decreased for prostate cancer (18.5% vs. 17.2%; PR = 0.93 [95%CI 0.9-0.96]) in 2014. Conclusions: The implementation of the ACA is associated with a shift to early stage at diagnosis for all screenable cancers except prostate cancer, which may reflect the recent US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against routine prostate cancer screening.

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