THE ROLE OF CENTRAL OBESITY AND MICROALBUMINURIA IN DEFINING RELATION BETWEEN METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN TYPE 2 DIABETICS

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
S. Foussas ◽  
D. Levisianou ◽  
A. Melidonis ◽  
E. Adamopoulou ◽  
A. Koutsovasilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Defining Relation

scholarly journals Endocrine, Lifestyle, and Genetic Factors in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorana Slanovic-Kuzmanović ◽  
Ivan Kos ◽  
Ana-Marija Domijan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Endocrine Factors

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic, multi-component disease characterised by central obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. Since MetS leads to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, development of certain cancers, and eventually to premature death, it is not surprising that it draws the attention of scientists around the world. The aetiopathology of MetS is complex and still not fully understood. This review focuses on the role of endocrine factors such as cortisol and insulin in the development of MetS. It also takes a look at some of the contributing lifestyle and genetic factors as well as at the current knowledge about its treatment.

Metabolic Syndrome During Menopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezcan Mumusoglu ◽  
Bulent Okan Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aging Women

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises individual components including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The menopause per se increases the incidence of MetS in aging women. The effect(s) of menopause on individual components of MetS include: i) increasing central obesity with changes in the fat tissue distribution, ii) potential increase in insulin resistance, iii) changes in serum lipid concentrations, which seem to be associated with increasing weight rather than menopause itself, and, iv) an association between menopause and hypertension, although available data are inconclusive. With regard to the consequences of MetS during menopause, there is no consistent data supporting a causal relationship between menopause and CVD. However, concomitant MetS during menopause appears to increase the risk of CVD. Furthermore, despite the data supporting the association between early menopause and increased risk of T2DM, the association between natural menopause itself and risk of T2DM is not evident. However, the presence and the severity of MetS appears to be associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Although the mechanism is not clear, surgical menopause is strongly linked with a higher incidence of MetS. Interestingly, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of MetS during their reproductive years; however, with menopausal transition, the risk of MetS becomes similar to that of non-PCOS women.

Diabetic neuropathy: Epidemiological, pathogenetic, and clinical aspects with special emphasis on type 2 diabetes mellitus

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S89-S94
Author(s):  
E. Matikainen ◽  
J. Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Insulin Dependent

ABSTRACT. Peripheral neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus. Alterations of the peripheral nervous system in diabetics have been studied in numerous investigations. There are many factors known to participate in the development of this complication, e.g. the age of the patient, duration of the diabetes, quality of the diabetic control etc. The role of different types of diabetes in development of neuropathy is still largely unclear since investigations on this aspect are few. It seems, however, that peripheral neuropathy in type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes is common but often mild. The differential diagnosis of the peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetics is more difficult than in type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetics, since these patients tend to be older and also may have other concomitant disorders. In this paper the clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms of neuropathy in type 2 diabetes are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome in childhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (11) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
N. N. Vlasov ◽  
E. A. Kornienko
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

There is ample evidence that insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity are at the heart of the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The disease is now considered as the hepatic component of metabolic syndrome (MS).64 children with NAFLD were assessed for metabolic syndrome stigma. An analysis was also made on the state of the problem according to the literature on the general links of the pathogenesis of these conditions, methods of diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.All components of MS are observed with different frequencies in patients with NAFD. This disease, together with type 2 diabetes mellitus, becomes very common diseases in childhood. The incidence of NAFLD in children is constantly growing, it has begun to occur in infants, an outcome in cirrhosis of the liver is possible within childhood, although the prognosis for NAFLD remains definitely uncertain. Weight loss with a low glycemic index diet, regular exercise, and other lifestyle changes are the mainstay of NAFLD treatment, but not yet very effective for various reasons. In these conditions, it is necessary to increase the role of primary prevention of MS and NAFLD.

Association of metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdessamad Malki ◽  
Messaoudi Najoua ◽  
Imane Assarrar ◽  
Siham Rouf ◽  
Hanane Latrech
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics

Metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 582-588
Author(s):  
Anthony McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Restrictive Lung Disease ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Simplistic Model

Metabolic syndrome is the name given to a combination of cardiovascular risk factors. These include hyperinsulinaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, central obesity and dyslipidaemia. People with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and vascular conditions including coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. Central obesity can predispose to sleep apnoea and restrictive lung disease. For many years, it has been taught that the underlying mechanism of metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance secondary to obesity and inactivity, however, this somewhat simplistic model fails to accurately describe the complex interaction between three key factors: glucose, insulin and cortisol. This article will explain our current understanding of metabolic syndrome and how to treat it.

The relationship between tyramine levels and inflammation in metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Patel ◽  
Austin Thompson ◽  
Lillian Abdelmalek ◽  
Beverley Adams-Huet ◽  
Ishwarlal Jialal
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Multiple Biomarkers ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important contributor to both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Although MetS affects one third of American adults, its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Tyramine, a derivative of tyrosine, has been shown to act as a catecholamine releasing agent in the human body. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of tyramine as an early biomarker for nascent MetS without the confounding of T2DM, ASCVD or smoking. Patients and methods This was an exploratory study of 28 patients with nascent MetS and 20 matched controls carried out in 2018. Metabolites were evaluated from patient’s frozen early morning urine samples and were correlated with biomarkers of inflammation and adipokines. They were assayed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Western Metabolomics Center using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and standardized to urinary creatinine. All patients had normal hepatic and renal function. Results Tyramine concentrations were significantly reduced in patients with MetS compared to controls, p = 0.0009. In addition, tyramine was significantly inversely correlated with multiple biomarkers of inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors such as RBP4, monocyte TLR-4 abundance and P38MAPKinase activity, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) (both systolic and diastolic). Conclusion In conclusion, low levels of tyramine could contribute to the proinflammatorty state of MetS.

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