Stahl's Illustrated Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Stahl ◽  
Debbi Ann Morrissette ◽  
Nancy Muntner
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Concise Guide

The term 'dementia' describes a collection of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, language and communication issues, and behavioral symptoms. There are numerous causes of dementia and, worldwide, over 35 million individuals have some form of dementia. This book describes the most common causes of dementia, reviews best practices for differentially diagnosing dementia, as well as management strategies to help improve quality of life for both patients and carers. Stahl's Illustrated Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias is a concise guide, with all concepts illustrated by full-color figures and tables, that will be familiar to readers of Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology and The Prescriber's Guide. The visual learner will find that this book makes psychopharmacological concepts easier to master, and the non-visual learner will enjoy this book's short explanations of complex psychopharmacological concepts. Each chapter builds upon previous ones, synthesising information about basic biology, diagnostics, treatment plans, complications, and comorbidities.

scholarly journals A Novel Pre-Processing Approach for the Denoising of Alzheimer Disease Image Dataset

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
M. Natarajan ◽  
S. Sathiamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Histogram Equalization ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Morphological Operation ◽  
Better Than

Medical imaging doing an indispensable part in the area of medicine. Noise in the image is maddening as it worsens the quality of image. Thus, removal of noise is perpetually a problematic work in the images of all domain. Alzheimer’s disease, a neurological dysfunction in which destruction of cells in brain creates mental weakening and memory loss. The distinguished reason for Alzheimer’s disease is low brain activity and low blood flow. We proposed a framework for removal of noise in Alzheimer disease image using histogram equalization, thresholding, open morphological operation and a wavelet transform. This framework reduces the noise and significantly better than the existing methods used for Alzheimer disease images.

Case Studies in Dementia-Related Anxiety

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Molly Maxfield ◽  
Jennifer R. Roberts ◽  
JoAnna Dieker
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Abstract. Two clients seeking neuropsychological assessment reported anxiety about their cognitive status. We review the cases to increase our understanding of factors contributing to dementia-related anxiety. Case 1 met the criteria for mild neurocognitive disorder; the client’s memory was impaired, and she had a high genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease. The client reported anxiety about negative perceptions of quality of life among individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Case 2 did not meet the criteria for a neurocognitive disorder. Anxiety about this client’s cognitive status appeared attributable to generalized anxiety disorder, given his anxiety about diverse topics. Both clients reported embarrassment about forgetfulness and social withdrawal. Dementia-related anxiety is believed to be relatively common, to exist on a continuum, to have unique social implications, and to stem from various sources, necessitating differing interventions.

Validación de la escala Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease (QOL-AD) en pacientes mexicanos con demencia tipo Alzheimer, vascular y mixta

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Rosas Carrasco ◽  
Laura del Pilar Torres Arreola ◽  
María de Guadalupe Guerra Silla ◽  
Sara Torres Castro ◽  
Luis Miguel Gutiérrez Robledo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease

The Therapeutic Potential of Purinergic Receptors in Alzheimer’s Disease and Promising Therapeutic Modulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Pan ◽  
Yu Ma ◽  
Yunchun Li ◽  
Haoxing Wu ◽  
Rui Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Purinergic Receptors ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract:: Recent studies have proven that the purinergic signaling pathway plays a key role in neurotransmission and neuromodulation, and is involved in various neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. With the characterization of the subtypes of receptors in purinergic signaling, i.e. the P1 (adenosine), P2X (ion channel) and P2Y (G protein-coupled), more attentions were paid to the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential of purinergic signaling in central nervous system disorders. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive and deadly neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment and dementia. However, as drug development aimed to prevent or control AD follows a series of failures in recent years, more researchers focused on the neuroprotection-related mechanisms such as purinergic signaling in AD patients to find a potential cure. This article reviews the recent discoveries of purinergic signaling in AD, summaries the potential agents as modulators for the receptors of purinergic signaling in AD related research and treatments. Thus, our paper provided an insight for purinergic signaling in the development of anti-AD therapies.

Integrated Biomarkers for Depression in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Wenzler ◽  
Christian Knochel ◽  
Ceylan Balaban ◽  
Dominik Kraft ◽  
Juliane Kopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Affect Regulation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Control Functional

Depression is a common neuropsychiatric manifestation among Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. It may compromise everyday activities and lead to a faster cognitive decline as well as worse quality of life. The identification of promising biomarkers may therefore help to timely initiate and improve the treatment of preclinical and clinical states of AD, and to improve the long-term functional outcome. In this narrative review, we report studies that investigated biomarkers for AD-related depression. Genetic findings state AD-related depression as a rather complex, multifactorial trait with relevant environmental and inherited contributors. However, one specific set of genes, the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), specifically the Val66Met polymorphism, may play a crucial role in AD-related depression. Regarding neuroimaging markers, the most promising findings reveal structural impairments in the cortico-subcortical networks that are related to affect regulation and reward / aversion control. Functional imaging studies reveal abnormalities in predominantly frontal and temporal regions. Furthermore, CSF based biomarkers are seen as potentially promising for the diagnostic process showing abnormalities in metabolic pathways that contribute to AD-related depression. However, there is a need for standardization of methodological issues and for replication of current evidence with larger cohorts and prospective studies.

Many caregivers of persons with memory loss or Alzheimer's disease are unaware of the abilities of their persons with AD to recall their drugs and medical histories

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 147130121882096
Author(s):  
Thomas A Ala ◽  
GaToya Simpson ◽  
Marshall T Holland ◽  
Vajeeha Tabassum ◽  
Maithili Deshpande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
With Memory

scholarly journals Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursors Improve Memory, Synaptic and Pathological Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Enrique Armijo ◽  
George Edwards ◽  
Andrea Flores ◽  
Jorge Vera ◽  
Mohammad Shahnawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Neural Precursors ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly population. The disease is characterized by progressive memory loss, cerebral atrophy, extensive neuronal loss, synaptic alterations, brain inflammation, extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and intracellular accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein. Many recent clinical trials have failed to show therapeutic benefit, likely because at the time in which patients exhibit clinical symptoms the brain is irreversibly damaged. In recent years, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been suggested as a promising cell therapy to recover brain functionality in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. To evaluate the potential benefits of iPSCs on AD progression, we stereotaxically injected mouse iPSC-derived neural precursors (iPSC-NPCs) into the hippocampus of aged triple transgenic (3xTg-AD) mice harboring extensive pathological abnormalities typical of AD. Interestingly, iPSC-NPCs transplanted mice showed improved memory, synaptic plasticity, and reduced AD brain pathology, including a reduction of amyloid and tangles deposits. Our findings suggest that iPSC-NPCs might be a useful therapy that could produce benefit at the advanced clinical and pathological stages of AD.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Treatment Burden Among Elders With Diabetes and Comorbid Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 276-276
Author(s):  
Victoria Vaughan Dickson ◽  
Halia Melnyk ◽  
Rosie Ferris ◽  
Joshua Chodosh ◽  
Caroline Blaum
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Burden ◽  
Treatment Plans

Abstract Background: An estimated 25% of older adults with diabetes (DM) may have co-occurring Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD), complicated by multiple treatment plans and providers. Assessing treatment burden has been limited to patients’ perspectives; little is known about caregiver perceptions of treatment burden despite their important role in personal care and treatment adherence. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe caregiver perceptions of treatment burden for older adults with DM-ADRD. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in the formative phase of “Enhanced Quality in Primary care for Elders with DM-ADRD (EQUIPED-ADRD) a pragmatic randomized controlled trial in a large, diverse healthcare system. A diverse sample of caregivers (n=15) of patients enrolled in the RCT participated in interviews about their caregiver role and perceptions of treatment burden of DM-ADRD clinical management. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and themes about treatment burden were compared to domains on the Treatment Burden Questionnaire (TBQ). Results: Caregivers reported high levels of burden related to treatment plans for patients with DM-ADRD. Themes related to complexity and burden of medication management, monitoring (e.g., blood pressure, glucose monitoring), dietary and physical activity regimens, navigating healthcare providers and financial burden were reported. Caregivers also described high levels of emotional burden that was associated with patient’s cognitive decline and family functioning stress. Conclusions: Interventions to reduce treatment burden for patients and caregiver should include activating social/nursing services, respite care and care coordination that may support caregivers especially as patient treatment increases in complexity over time.

scholarly journals Promoting Conversations About Cognitive Decline Between Older Adults and Primary Care Providers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 157-158
Author(s):  
Benjamin Olivari ◽  
Christopher Taylor ◽  
Nia Reed ◽  
Lisa McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Care Providers

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias often begin with symptoms of mild memory loss, eventually leading to more severe cognitive impairment, functional impairment, and ultimately, death. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System core questions related to chronic diseases and from the cognitive decline optional module on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from the years 2015-2018 were aggregated across the participating 50 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico for this analysis. Among U.S. adults aged 65 years and older, only 39.8% (95%CI=37.6-42.1) of those experiencing SCD reported discussing their SCD symptoms with a healthcare provider. The prevalence of discussing SCD symptoms with a provider was higher among those with at least one chronic condition than among those with no chronic conditions. 30.7% (28.6-32.8) of those aged 65 years and older reported that their SCD led to functional limitations and 28.8% (26.5-31.2) needed assistance with day-to-day activities. For patients aged 65 years and older, Welcome to Medicare visits and Medicare Annual Wellness Visits are critically underutilized primary care access points. Primary care providers can manage chronic conditions, cognitive health, and initiate referrals for testing. Efforts to promote the use of toolkits and diagnostic codes that are available to primary care providers to initiate conversations about memory loss with patients may be utilized to improve detection, diagnosis, and planning for memory problems. Discussions may lead to earlier detection and diagnosis of cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer’s disease, or other treatable conditions such as delirium or pressure in the brain and avoid costly hospitalizations.

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