scholarly journals Body, Person and Environment: Why Promoting Physical Activity (PA) with Stroke Survivors Requires Holistic Thinking

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui H. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Exercise Classes

The role of physical activity (PA) after stroke is increasingly recognised as important for function, fitness and wellbeing. Current evidence shows that targeted PA after stroke improves cardiovascular fitness, walking ability and muscle strength and may ameliorate depression and improve quality of life. Secondary stroke prevention and management of cardiovascular risk factors are further health benefits. Despite increasing emphasis on organised exercise classes for stroke, PA levels remain low and effects of organised exercise interventions are not maintained once programmes have finished. Barriers to PA after stroke are complex and innovative approaches to maintaining and promoting long-term engagement in activity are required. This commentary proposes that using the International Classification of Disability and Functioning (ICF) to guide thinking about PA after stroke may help us develop and apply comprehensive solutions that increase PA levels. This approach considers stroke survivors’ PA engagement in terms of Body – the physical impairments imposed by stroke; Person – the role of identity, and psychological factors on PA; and Environment – the physical and social environments that influence PA engagement. The commentary discusses how innovative solutions addressing these issues may enable stroke survivors to be better supported to lead active lifestyles.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 pandemic challenges physical activity with two emerging paradigms

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Thiago Sousa Matias ◽  
Fábio Hech Dominski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Positive Outlook ◽  
Exercise Promotion

We are facing an unprecedented crisis due to the COVID-19, with social distancing measures. These measures have adverse impacts and exercise professionals need to gear efforts to promote active lifestyles. This assay has two purposes: 1) To discuss the role of web–based physical activity interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, debating pros and cons, and offering preliminary guidance; 2) To discuss the role of physical activity on mental health, and proposing strategies to exercise interventions. We suggest a more positive outlook to web–based physical activity as internet can expand the scope of exercise as a self-care tool to health enhancement. The use of the internet as a professional tool to support exercise promotion can become a trend. Professional should weigh up the pros and cons when using such approach. After this pandemic we will cherish the psychological well-being benefits of exercise.

scholarly journals Physical Activity as a Sociological Phenomenon

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Aleš Sekot
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Active Lifestyles

Physical Activity as a Sociological PhenomenonWe are living in a time when society, culture and science have become increasingly aware of the great importance of sport not only as a part of mass culture, but broadly understood, for individual and social health and well-being. Physical activity of people plays an increasingly more important role in scientific interest regarding way of life found in contemporary society; it is a crucial factor in the process of officiating the level of healthy and active lifestyles, quality of life, and health in general. An indispensable role of physical activity in the course of human life is also confirmed, both permanently and scientifically, in the context of obesity prevention.The development of a sedentary lifestyle is the result of a socialization process that is developed at youth and continued into adulthood, and leads to physical inactivity. At the present we face in our cultural settings an apparent trend: People are becoming more and more individualized, losing the beneficial impact of community activities, involved in passive way of life that lacks a proper level of physical activities and active sport. The phenomenon of physical activity has also been considered from the perspective of the Project EURO-PREVOB, highlighting built environmental aspects of ways of life.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Muscle Strength, As the Key Component of Sarcopenia: An Overview of Current Evidence

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian Robinson ◽  
Antoneta Granic ◽  
Avan Aihie Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
Main Message

Much has been achieved by recent research to increase understanding of the links between nutrition and muscle health. Focusing on muscle strength as the key component of sarcopenia, the aim of this overview was to evaluate its links to nutrition, both to variation in habitual diets in older populations, as well as considering supplementation effects in trials. A main message from the reviewed studies is that while many provide suggestive evidence of benefits of higher nutrient intakes and diets of higher quality, findings are inconsistent, and data on muscle strength are often lacking. To assess the potential of optimising diets as a strategy to promote and maintain muscle strength, gaps in current evidence need to be addressed. These include the need for (i) better understanding of individual differences in responsiveness to dietary change, and the need for targeted nutritional support; (ii) clearer distinction between protective and therapeutic actions of diet; and (iii) definition of the role of dietary patterns and their influence on muscle strength, to allow effects of changes in food consumption to be evaluated—particularly when combined with physical activity. Development of this evidence is needed to enable translation into appropriate dietary recommendations for older populations.

Examining The Role Of Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Fitness, And Neighborhood Stress On BMI And Waist Circumference

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S359-S360
Author(s):  
Wendy S. Bibeau ◽  
Sarah M. Camhi ◽  
Nathanael Mitchell ◽  
JoAnn Kuo ◽  
Deborah Rohm Young
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Neighborhood Stress

scholarly journals A Review of the Potential for Cardiometabolic Dysfunction in Youth with Spina Bifida and the Role for Physical Activity and Structured Exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Short ◽  
Dominic Frimberger
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Adult Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Children and adolescents who have decreased mobility due to spina bifida may be at increased risk for the components of metabolic syndrome, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia due to low physical activity. Like their nondisabled peers, adolescents with spina bifida that develop metabolic risk factors early in life have set the stage for adult disease. Exercise interventions can improve metabolic dysfunction in nondisabled youth, but the types of exercise programs that are most effective and the mechanisms involved are not known. This is especially true in adolescents with spina bifida, who have impaired mobility and physical function and with whom there have been few well-controlled studies. This paper highlights the current lack of knowledge about the role of physical activity and the need to develop exercise strategies targeting the reduction of cardiometabolic risk and improving quality of life in youth with spina bifida.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Exercise, and Physical Rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Camila Astolphi Lima ◽  
Renato Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Monica Rodrigues Perracini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
The Life Course

AbstractEnhancing physical activity promotes positive health trajectories throughout the life course. Physical activity should be tailored and graded to suit older adults’ capacities and needs and can be combined with rehabilitation interventions to manage geriatric syndromes and disability. This chapter provides a summary of current evidence about the role of physical activity for older adults, emphasizing nutritional aspects. We also present strategies to help health-care professionals to enhance physical activity participation.

scholarly journals Does self-paced exercise depend on executive processing? A narrative review of the current evidence

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darias Holgado ◽  
Daniel Sanabria
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Executive Processing ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Over Time

Self-paced exercise is any physical activity in which the effort has to be distributed over time in order to achieve the objective of the event. Hence, self-paced aerobic exercise is a goal-directed behaviour towards an objective that involves several cognitive processes. The aim of the present review is to ask the extent to which self-paced exercise might rely on executive functions and the empirical evidence of top-down processing on self-paced exercise. We discuss the evidence from different experimental manipulations showing a potential link between self-paced exercise and executive processing. We finally highlight some gaps in the literature and possible factors that might mediate the role of executive processing and self-paced exercise. Self-paced exercise is likely to be a highly complex process, in which a multitude of factors non-related to executive functions can also contribute to the ultimate decision to upregulate or downregulate exercise intensity.

The Walking Ability in Healthy Older Adults: The Role of Aging and Physical Activity and Its Interface with Agility, Balance, Cognition, and Risk of Falls

2017 ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Sebastião ◽  
Flávia Gomes de Melo Coelho ◽  
Carla Manuela Crispim Nascimento ◽  
Larissa Pires de Andrade ◽  
Jessica Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Risk Of Falls

The role of a Mediterranean diet and physical activity in decreasing age-related inflammation through modulation of the gut microbiota composition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jessie S. Clark ◽  
Bradley S. Simpson ◽  
Karen J. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Predominant Factor ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract Chronic inflammation is known to be a predominant factor in the development of many age-related conditions including CVD, type II diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that during the ageing process there is an increase in inflammatory biomarkers, which may be partially brought about by detrimental changes in the gut microbiota. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity (PA) are protective against inflammation and chronic disease, and emerging evidence has shown that these effects may be partially mediated through favourable changes in the gut microbiota. In this review, we have evaluated the published literature on the effect of a MedDiet and PA on the gut microbiota. We also discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and inflammation with a focus on healthy ageing. While inconsistent study designs make forming definitive conclusions challenging, the current evidence suggests that both a MedDiet and PA are capable of modifying the gut microbiota in a way that is beneficial to host health. For example, the increases in the relative abundance of SCFA producing bacteria that are considered to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Modification of the gut microbiota through a MedDiet and PA presents as a potential method to attenuate age-related increases in inflammation, and additional studies utilising older individuals are needed to fill the knowledge gaps existing in current literature.

Physical Activity Interventions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
And Behavior

In addition to theory testing, researchers have also examined if exercise interventions serve to enhance psychological constructs such as self-esteem and behavior such as functional fitness, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity. The purpose of this chapter is to review the physical activity (PA) intervention research and offer criticisms and future research directions. Laboratory PA interventions have been effective at increasing physical capacity, muscular strength, walking ability, and reducing body weight, stress, depression, and pain. However, laboratory research has been criticized for lacking ecological validity, thus researchers have also investigated whether lifestyle-type community or field-based interventions are effective. Researchers have shown that increasing social support for PA is effective for adults, and water-based activities help children with cerebral palsy increase their functional fitness. Nontraditional approaches such as yoga, massage, relaxation, and mindfulness training might be considered potential antecedents of reduced negative affect, increased positive affect, and enhanced functional fitness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document