scholarly journals The ASIBS Short Course: A unique strategy for increasing statistical competency of junior investigators in academic medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Emma K. T. Benn ◽  
Chengcheng Tu ◽  
Ann-Gel S. Palermo ◽  
Luisa N. Borrell ◽  
Michaela Kiernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Medicine ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
The United States ◽  
Underrepresented Minorities ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Clinical Databases ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Academic Medical

As clinical researchers at academic medical institutions across the United States increasingly manage complex clinical databases and registries, they often lack the statistical expertise to utilize the data for research purposes. This statistical inadequacy prevents junior investigators from disseminating clinical findings in peer-reviewed journals and from obtaining research funding, thereby hindering their potential for promotion. Underrepresented minorities, in particular, confront unique challenges as clinical investigators stemming from a lack of methodologically rigorous research training in their graduate medical education. This creates a ripple effect for them with respect to acquiring full-time appointments, obtaining federal research grants, and promotion to leadership positions in academic medicine. To fill this major gap in the statistical training of junior faculty and fellows, the authors developed the Applied Statistical Independence in Biological Systems (ASIBS) Short Course. The overall goal of ASIBS is to provide formal applied statistical training, via a hybrid distance and in-person learning format, to junior faculty and fellows actively involved in research at US academic medical institutions, with a special emphasis on underrepresented minorities. The authors present an overview of the design and implementation of ASIBS, along with a short-term evaluation of its impact for the first cohort of ASIBS participants.

scholarly journals Recent Canadian neurosurgery graduate employment outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S18-S19
Author(s):  
MK Tso ◽  
JM Findlay ◽  
SP Lownie ◽  
MC Wallace ◽  
BD Toyota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Employment ◽  
Research Training ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Career Changes ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Neurosurgical Society ◽  
The Us ◽  
Time Position

Background: The American Board of Neurological Surgeons (ABNS) made persons beginning neurosurgical training in Canada after 1997 ineligible for ABNS board exams and certification in the United States (US). We set out to track employment outcomes for graduates who are “ABNS ineligible.” Methods: Graduates from Canadian neurosurgical programs who began training from 1998 to 2008 (ABNS ineligible) were followed regarding their employment status (n=143). Data was obtained from public-domain websites and direct connections though Canadian Neurosurgical Society (CNSS) members. Association between pursuit of research during residency (MSc, PhD, or ≥ 2 years of non-degree research) and full employment was determined by Fisher’s exact test. Results: 60% and 26% of graduates currently have full-time staff positions in Canada and the US, respectively. “Underemployment,” defined as failure to secure a full-time position in neurosurgery despite a desire to do so (including locums, additional fellowship positions, unemployment and career changes) is currently seen in 12% of graduates, with 20% having been underemployed at some point within 5 years of graduation. Pursuit of research during residency was significantly associated with obtaining full employment (94% vs. 73%, p=0.011). Conclusions: Underemployment is a significant issue in recent neurosurgical graduates from Canadian training programs. Research training during residency appears strongly associated with obtaining full employment.

Research Training and Productivity among Faculty: The Canadian Association of Professors of Psychiatry and the Canadian Psychiatric Association Survey

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nady El-Guebaly ◽  
Mark Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Target Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Academic Faculty ◽  
Time Faculty

Objective: This survey assesses the research training and productivity of academic faculty in Canadian departments of psychiatry and compares the findings with those of colleagues in the United States. Method: A questionnaire was adapted to suit the Canadian milieu and was distributed to a target population of 2484, including a core 522 full-time faculty. Results: The response rate among full-time faculty was 65%, but only 26.5% for clinical and adjunct faculty. A small proportion (16%) of our MD and a greater proportion (57%) of our PhD respondents were included in a fairly lenient definition of researcher. Departments seek to recruit PhDs with an active involvement in research. Overall there appear to be more similarities than differences in research interests with our colleagues in the United States. The pharmaceutical industry was the most frequently mentioned source of research funding for MDs, while the availability of a mentor was perceived as the most influential factor determining the choice of a research career. Conclusions: Recommendations include adequate exposure to research during medical school and residency as well as appropriate inducements for the recruitment and retention of practising researchers.

Evaluation of Research Training and Productivity Among Junior Pharmacy Practice Faculty in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Lee ◽  
Shareen Y. El-Ibiary ◽  
Karen Suchanek Hudmon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Junior Faculty ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Faculty Positions ◽  
Research Demands

Objective: To evaluate the extent of research training and productivity among junior faculty in US schools of pharmacy. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted to characterize junior faculty’s ( a) research training and productivity, ( b) perceived ability to meet research demands, ( c) confidence and resources for research, and ( d) interest in receiving further research training. Main Results: Surveys were completed by 349 faculty members (36.7% response). More than 60% completed a pharmacy practice residency and fewer than 15% completed a fellowship. Respondents reported lack of formal training in most research skills during their postgraduate training. Most reported that they are able to meet the teaching, clinical, and service expectations of their departments; however, fewer than half believed that they are able to meet the research expectations. Conclusions: Study respondents reported lack of adequate research training during their postgraduate experiences and current faculty positions. Confidence among faculty to conduct research was also low compared to their confidence to fulfill other expectations of their position. Adequate preparation of current and future academicians is critical to ensuring the success and retention of faculty in the United States.

scholarly journals Statements issued by academic medical institutions after George Floyd’s killing by police and subsequent unrest in the United States: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew V. Kiang ◽  
Alexander C. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Black People ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Academic Medical

AbstractBackgroundThe horrific nature of George Floyd’s killing by a Minneapolis Police Department officer on May 25, 2020 has sparked more than a month of nationwide protests against police brutality and in support of the Black Lives Matter movement. At critical junctures of the nation’s public health such as these, academic medical institutions may exert leadership by issuing public statements to communicate institutional values.MethodsWe obtained statements issued by 56 leading U.S. medical schools relevant to George Floyd’s killing and subsequent protests. We tokenized statements into words, n-grams of sizes 2 and 3, and sentences; removed non-informative stop words and words that would compromise de-identification; and stemmed the remaining words using the Porter algorithm. We followed a predefined set of rules for identifying important elements of these statements related to leadership in antiracism and public health.ResultsNearly all named George Floyd (50 [89%]), a majority noted the role of racism (43 [77%]) and acknowledged the Black community specifically (41 [73%]). Fewer ╌ slightly more than half ╌ referenced the act resulting in Floyd’s death (31 [55%]) or made explicit reference to the police (29 [52%]). Only 7 (13%) explicitly used terms denoting active support, like “antiracism” or “Black Lives Matter.” Most (45 [80%]) included references to negative sequelae resulting from racism like “disparities” or “inequality”. All included hopeful language.ConclusionOnly a minority of institutions made reference to the killing of George Floyd by the police, and most failed to address this country’s targeted, historically engrained, and sustained oppression of Black people through white supremacy. Thus, our study identifies significant opportunities for U.S. medical schools to exert meaningful leadership in health.

scholarly journals Social Media, Digital Scholarship, and Academic Promotion in US Medical Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Stephanie Y. Johng ◽  
Ranit Mishori ◽  
Valeriy R. Korostyshevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Promotion ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
Digital Scholarship ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Academic Medical

Background and Objectives: Academic promotion is critical in academic medicine. Traditionally, peer-reviewed journal articles have been at the core of advancement deliberations. With the increasing prominence digital content and social media, an increasing number of academics have begun linking their scholarly value with their online activities. It is unclear whether and how US academic medical institutions have updated their promotion criteria to reflect the changing environment and digital practices of faculty members. Methods: We reviewed publicly available advancement and promotion policies and faculty handbooks of 148 allopathic medical schools in the United States (April 2018 through September 2018), to see if social media was explicitly included in their scholarship criteria. Results: Of the 148 allopathic institutions only 12 (8.1%) stated that digital and social media products would be factored into the scholarship and/or other domains of the promotion application. There were no associations between acceptability of social media in the tenure process and schools’ characteristics. Conclusions: Digital media use has the potential to distribute scholarship widely. Including digital scholarship in promotion would help destigmatize the use of digital platforms and promote science dissemination to the public. Medical institutions should embrace new models of digital scholarship and lead the way in defining and ensuring quality.

Naikan: A Meditation Method and Psychotherapy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark Chilson
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
The 1960S

“Naikan” 内観 is a self-reflective form of meditation founded by Yoshimoto Ishin 吉本伊信 (1916–1988), who developed it from a lay Shin Buddhist practice called mishirabe身調べ. After Yoshimoto used it to help prisoners in the 1950s, psychiatrists in the 1960s started to use it as a psychotherapy. Today in Japan it is the most popular psychotherapeutic method that originated in Buddhism. Naikan involves self-reflection on three questions: What have I received from a significant other? What have I given back to that person? What troubles and difficulties did I cause that person? People doing Naikan ask themselves these questions in relation to a family member or some other person during particular times in their lives. There are two types of the practice: intensive Naikan (shūchū naikan集中内観) and daily Naikan (nichijō naikan日常内観 or bunsan naikan分散内観). The former is done continually for a week at a Naikan training center, of which there are about twenty-five in Japan and several outside Japan in Austria, Germany, and the United States. During intensive Naikan, those doing Naikan report individually eight or so times a day their answers to the three questions to an “interviewer” (mensetsusha面接者). Daily Naikan is done as part of a person’s everyday normal routine for as short as a few minutes or as long as two hours a day. Intensive or daily Naikan is offered as a therapy at about twenty medical institutions in Japan and another fifteen in China. Intensive Naikan is commonly done for one of four reasons. First, it is done to solve a specific problem, such as alcoholism, gambling addiction, a psychosomatic disorder, or a bad relationship with a family member. Second, it is used to train employees so they can interact better with customers and colleagues. The Toyoko Inn, for example, which has over 230 hotels throughout Japan, requires all its full-time employees to do intensive Naikan. Third, it cultivates greater self-awareness with regard to, for example, how our minds work. Finally, it is done to discover the true nature of our lives through a spiritual awakening, which commonly entails the realization of how we live due to the care of others and how we suffer because of our own self-centeredness. This final purpose is in accordance with Yoshimoto’s view of Naikan as a method for learning how to live happily regardless of one’s life circumstances. Those who do Naikan for non-psychotherapeutic purposes sometimes use the term “Naikanhō” 内観法 (Naikan method) to distinguish their aims from Naikan therapy (Naikan ryōhō) 内観療法, which is used to solve a particular problem. But regardless of whether Naikan is done for self-developmental, spiritual, or for therapeutic reasons, the Naikan method of reflecting on the three Naikan questions is the same.

scholarly journals A pilot study of the effects of faculty status for medical librarians in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa'ad Laws
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Liaison Committee ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Faculty Status

Objectives: Within many institutions, there are debates over whether medical librarians should be classified as faculty or professional staff, a distinction that may have considerable effect on the perception of librarians within their local institutions. This study is a pilot exploration of how faculty status may affect the professional experiences of academic medical librarians within their local institutions. Methods: Surveys were sent to 209 medical librarians listed as having some instructional function at Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) accredited medical institutions in the United States. Survey responses were captured using Qualtrics survey tool and analyzed for frequencies and associations using SPSS version 27. Results: Sixty-four medical librarians at academic medical institutions completed the survey developed for this study. Of the respondents, 60.9% indicated that librarians at their institution have faculty status, while 71.9% believe that librarians at their institution should have faculty status. Ninety percent of librarians with faculty status reported that they are expected to generate scholarly materials, compared to 28% of those without faculty status. Conclusions: Many medical libraries offer faculty status to librarians. While many medical librarians are active in instruction, research, and other activities normally associated with faculty status, it is not clear if faculty status impacts how librarians are perceived by other health care workers within their institutions.

Mental, Physical, and Financial Health Concerns of Underrepresented Undergraduate Students During Initial Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Nelson ◽  
Matt Honore ◽  
Jen Lindwall ◽  
Arjun Viray ◽  
Lisa Marriott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Research Training ◽  
High Stress ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Generation College Students ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
First Generation College ◽  
Research Training Program

In April 2020, at the onset of COVID-19 in the U.S., we implemented a weekly survey of underrepresented undergraduate students participating in a biomedical research training program. The 10-week survey collected qualitative and quantitative data on mental health, physical health, and financial health. Responses indicated high stress during the pandemic, particularly during the survey’s final weeks which occurred during a period of social unrest. Physical health declined throughout the survey, stabilizing in its final weeks. Financial health declined initially and stayed low throughout. Students from certain demographic groups, such as first generation college students and those with dependents were disproportionately impacted. Qualitative responses highlighted the intersectionality of the three constructs and illustrated the impacts of these events.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neuroimaging scan volumes at a teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092098866
Author(s):  
Daniel Thomas Ginat ◽  
James Kenniff
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Academic Medical Centre ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
The Impact

Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to a widespread socioeconomic shutdown, including medical facilities in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact on neuroimaging utilisation at an academic medical centre in the United States caused by this shutdown. Methods Exam volumes from 1 February 2020 to 11 August 2020 were calculated based on patient location, including outpatient, inpatient and emergency, as well as modality type, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. 13 March 2020 was designated as the beginning of the shutdown period for the radiology department and 1 May 2020 was designated as the reopening date. The scan volumes during the pre-shutdown, shutdown and post-shutdown periods were compared using t-tests. Results Overall, neuroimaging scan volumes declined significantly by 41% during the shutdown period and returned to 98% of the pre-shutdown period levels after the shutdown, with an estimated 3231 missed scans. Outpatient scan volumes were more greatly affected than inpatient scan volumes, while emergency scan volumes declined the least during the shutdown. In addition, the magnetic resonance imaging scan volumes declined to a greater degree than the computed tomography scan volumes during the shutdown. Conclusion The shutdown from the COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial but transient impact on neuroimaging utilisation overall, with variable magnitude depending on patient location and modality type.

The Politics of Part-Time Work: Gender, Employment Status, and Preferences for Redistribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla ◽  
Michael J. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Part Time Work

Abstract The social and economic forces that shape attitudes toward the welfare state are of central concern to social scientists. Scholarship in this area has paid limited attention to how working part-time, the employment status of nearly 20% of the U.S. workforce, affects redistribution preferences. In this article, we theoretically develop and empirically test an argument about the ways that part-time work, and its relationship to gender, shape redistribution preferences. We articulate two gender-differentiated pathways—one material and one about threats to social status—through which part-time work and gender may jointly shape individuals’ preferences for redistribution. We test our argument using cross-sectional and panel data from the General Social Survey in the United States. We find that the positive relationship between part-time employment, compared to full-time employment, and redistribution preferences is stronger for men than for women. Indeed, we do not detect a relationship between part-time work and redistribution preferences among women. Our results provide support for a gendered relationship between part-time employment and redistribution preferences and demonstrate that both material and status-based mechanisms shape this association.

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