3255 Association between dopaminergic genetic variants, COMTrs4680 and DRD2rs1076560, and alcohol consumption and reward behaviors in non-dependent drinkers

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this exploratory study is to evaluate the relationship between the individual genetic variants in COMTrs4680 and DRDrs1076560 and relevant alcohol use behaviors (i.e. alcohol consumption and reward processing behaviors) in non-dependent drinkers within experimentally controlled IV-ASA CAIS sessions. The overall goal of this study is to begin gathering data on the influence of individual genetic variants on alcohol consumption and other drinking-related behaviors. This will aid in the creation of a polygenic model of risk for AUD which will provide more insight into how the mesolimbic pathway is affected by alcohol use. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study population: The sample included male and female non-dependent drinkers (N=149). Genotypes for functional polymorphisms in COMT (rs4680) and DRD2 (rs1076560) genes were determined for all subjects from blood samples obtained during screening. Alcohol consumption was assessed using the 90-day Timeline Followback Interviews (TLFB). Study population demographics: Self-reported gender (53.5% identified as male); Self-reported race (61.2% identified as white); Age ranged from 21-46 years old, with 22 years being the mode. Experiment: Free access (open-bar) intravenous alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) using the computer-assisted alcohol infusion system (CAIS) paradigm; Subjects had the choice of pressing a button ad libitum for IV alcohol infusions during the session, neurobehavioral questionnaires were collected throughout the 2.5-hr alcohol infusion session. Primary outcome measures included: Total Rewards, Peak breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) achieved, and Total Ethanol consumed. Statistical Analyses: Conducted using SPSS IBM Statistics Versions 1.0.0-2482; non-dependent drinkers were organized into two groups based on their genotypes, minor allele carriers and major allele homozygotes. Outcome measures were compared between genotype groups using analysis of variance or non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: -We expect the genetic makeup of the sample to be reflective of larger genome samples that are publically available (e.g. e!Ensembl) - Initial analysis for COMTrs4680 did not reveal significant effects on IV-ASA measures. Specifically, the majo DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) affects millions of men and women globally. The heterogeneity within AUD individuals has made it difficult to identify biological and/or psychological factors that could be targeted for the development of treatments. By using the human laboratory model of free access IV-ASA, this study evaluated the relationship between dopaminergic genetic variants, COMTrs4680 and DRDrs1076560, and alcohol consumption in non-dependent drinkers within a controlled experimental environment. This study will begin to evaluate genetic and behavioral data that can be used to create a polygenic model of risk for AUD, which will provide more insight as to how the mesolimbic reward pathway is affected by alcohol use and contributes to risk for AUD.

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Alcohol Use Disorder among Patients Suffered from Road Collisions in a Vietnamese Delta Province

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16132423 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (13) ◽

pp. 2423 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hai Minh Vu ◽

Tung Thanh Tran ◽

Giang Thu Vu ◽

Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽

Chau Minh Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Problematic Drinking ◽

Current Context ◽

Educational Campaign ◽

Causes Of Deaths ◽

The Relationship

Traffic collisions have continuously been ranked amongst the top causes of deaths in Vietnam. In particular, drinking has been recognized as a major factor amplifying the likelihood of traffic collisions in various settings. This study aims to examine the relationship between alcohol use and traffic collisions in the current context of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 traffic collisions patients in six health facilities in the Thai Binh Province to investigate the level of alcohol consumption and identify factors influencing alcohol use among these patients. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scale was used to determine the problematic drinking behavior of the participants. The percentage of patients having problematic drinking was more than 30%. Being male, having a high household income, and working as farmer/worker were risk factors for alcohol abuse. People causing accidents and patients with a traumatic brain injury had a higher likelihood of drinking alcohol before the accidents. This study highlights the necessity of more stringent laws on reducing drink-driving in Vietnam. In addition, more interventions, especially those utilizing mass media like educational campaign of good behavior on social networks, are necessary to reduce alcohol consumption in targeted populations in order to decrease the prevalence and burden of road injuries.

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The Association between Dating Apps and Alcohol Consumption in an Italian Sample of Active Users, Former Users, and Non-Users

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci10070249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Luca Flesia ◽

Valentina Fietta ◽

Carlo Foresta ◽

Merylin Monaro

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dating Apps ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

To date, the relationship between alcohol use and dating app use has been investigated mostly in conjunction with sexual activities and in homosexual men. For this reason, the aim of this study was to explore the association between dating app use and alcohol consumption among the general population. A cross-sectional study was conducted including app users, non-users, and former users: 1278 respondents completed an online ad hoc questionnaire assessing dating app use, motivations for installing dating apps, alcohol use, and demographics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was run to investigate the association between dating app use, demographic features, and alcohol consumption. Whereas educational level, age, and gender significantly contributed to the regular consumption of alcohol, dating app use did not account for a significant amount of variance between regular and not regular drinkers. However, people who installed and used dating apps with the motivation of searching for sexual partners were more likely to be regular drinkers. Among the active users, heavy app users were less likely to drink regularly. The study indicates that underlying factors (sexual aspects, motives for using the apps) and the intensity of using the apps may mediate the relationship between dating app use and alcohol use.

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Love Relationships and Drinking among Gay Men

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204268601600410 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 637-648

Author(s):

Thomas S. Weinberg

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Gay Men ◽

Love Relationships ◽

Closed Circle ◽

Role Definitions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Male Homosexuals ◽

Single Men

This paper discusses the interaction between alcohol use and love relationships among a sample of male homosexuals. Alcohol use is ubiquitous in the gay world, affecting couples as well as single men. Love relationships appear to reduce bar attendance, but do not necessarily affect alcohol consumption. Drinking may be encouraged through participation in a closed circle of coupled associates, through adoption of an “elegant” lifestyle, by involvement with an older, more sophisticated lover or with a partner who is a bartender. In addition, stresses and strains in a relationship, often the result of unclear role definitions and consequent power and equality issues, may increase drinking. Reductions in alcohol use were often the result of feeling secure in the relationship. Drinking, which is often encouraged, or at least not discouraged in the gay subculture, may lead to the dissolution of a couple.

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3547 Relationship between smoking and alcohol use status: variations in candidate genes associated with addiction and successful quitting smoking

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1017/cts.2019.125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (s1) ◽

pp. 52-52

Author(s):

Magda Shaheen ◽

Amira Brown ◽

Deyu Pan ◽

Katrina Schrode

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Genetic Data ◽

Nhanes Iii ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Heavy Drinkers ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Study Population

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Previous studies showed that 52% of smokers were unsuccessful in quitting smoking. Smoking in alcoholics is 2-3 times that of the general population with 50%-80% of alcoholics smoking regularly. Studies have linked several genetic variants to addiction. We examined the relation between successful quitting smoking, alcohol use, and genetic data for CYP2A6, CYP2B6, DRD2, DRD1 and GABRB1 alleles. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed data from NHANES III 1988-1994 for socioeconomic factors, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), alcohol status, successful quit smoking, and genetic data for CYP2A6, CYP2B6, DRD2, DRD1 and GABRB1 alleles. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between successful quit smoking and genotypes adjusting for other variables. Data were analyzed using SAS version 9.3 (design & weight). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Of the 2,269 smokers, 57% were current smokers, 35% were heavy drinkers, 24% were both smokers & heavy drinkers and 41% successfully quitted smoking. Successfully quit smoking was associated with CYP2A6 (rs28399433-TG) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-11.9, p = 0.03), CYP2B6 (rs2279343-AA and AG) (AOR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.5-3.5, p = 0.0003 for AA & AOR = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.2-4.2, p = 0.01 for AG) and DRD1 (rs4532-AA) (AOR = 2.2, 95%CI = 1.01-4.6, p = 0.04). Among heavy drinkers, those with CYP2A6 (rs28399433-TG) and CYP2B6 (rs2279343-AA and AG) were more likely to successfully quit smoking and those with CYP2A6 (rs5031017-GG) and GABRB1 (rs1442099-CC) were less likely to successfully quit smoking (p<0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We concluded that while rs28399433-TG, rs2279343-AA & AG positively impacted the success to quit smoking, rs5031017-GG & rs1442099-CC negatively impacted the success in quitting smoking both overall and specifically in heavy drinker smokers.

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Properties of Norms as Predictors of Alcohol Use among Mennonites

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204268001000106 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 93-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raymond Currie ◽

Rick Linden ◽

Leo Driedger

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Relative Importance ◽

The Relationship ◽

Group Agreement ◽

Variance Explained

In spite of the traditionally important role that the concept of “norms” has played in sociology, there is little agreement on how it should be defined or measured. This paper uses the framework suggested by Gibbs (1965, 1972, 1978) who proposes that we focus on normative properties whose presence or absence is a matter of degree. The set of normative properties analyzed in this paper relate to collective evaluations about alcohol use among Mennonites in Canada. Variation in degree of group agreement, evaluative intensity, saliency of the issue, permissible variation in situations and actors are measured. Regression procedures are used to test the relationship between these normative properties about alcohol use and self-reported alcohol consumption in five independently selected samples of Mennonites. Since the groups vary in their evaluation of alcohol use, the usefulness of the normative properties as predictors of behavior can be tested. While the percent of the variance explained is high and quite consistent across the groups, the relative importance of the normative properties within and between the groups varies substantially.

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Identity, influence, and intervention: The roles of social media in alcohol use

10.31234/osf.io/8qrgx ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Erin Corwin Westgate ◽

Jason Holliday

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Social Influence ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Alcohol Use Disorders ◽

Online Identity ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

The Relationship ◽

Alcohol Related Problems

Alcohol-related content is common on social media and may both reflect and influence offline drinking behavior. Posting alcohol-related content has been linked to alcohol outcomes, including higher rates of alcohol consumption, cravings, alcohol-related problems, and clinical alcohol use disorders. Exposure to alcohol-related content on social media has likewise been associated with adverse alcohol outcomes. In this paper, we review research on the relationship between social media and alcohol use, and explore the ways that online identity and social influence can account for this relationship. Finally, we call for further research on the use of social media as a platform for prevention and intervention efforts.

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Functional Brain Networks and Alcohol Consumption: From the Naïve State to Chronic Heavy Drinking

10.1101/2020.09.14.296871 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jared A. Rowland ◽

Jennifer R. Stapleton-Kotloski ◽

Greg E. Alberto ◽

April T. Davenport ◽

Phillip M. Epperly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Brain Networks ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

Brain Network ◽

Free Access ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Rich Club ◽

Functional Brain Networks ◽

The Rich

AbstractA fundamental question for alcohol use disorder is how naïve brain networks are reorganized in response to the consumption of alcohol. The current study aimed to determine the progression of alcohol’s effect on functional brain networks during the transition from naïve, to early, to chronic consumption. Resting-state brain networks of six female monkeys were acquired using magnetoencephalography prior to alcohol exposure, after early exposure, and after free-access to alcohol using a well-established model of chronic heavy alcohol use. Functional brain network metrics were derived at each time point. Assortativity, average connection frequency, and number of gamma connections changed significantly over time. All metrics remained relatively stable from naïve to early drinking, and displayed significant changes following increased quantity of alcohol consumption. The assortativity coefficient was significantly less negative (p=.043), connection frequency increased (p=.03), and gamma connections increased (p=.034). Further, brain regions considered hubs (p=.037) and members of the Rich Club (p=.012) became less common across animals following the introduction of alcohol. The minimum degree of the Rich Club prior to alcohol exposure was significantly predictive of future free-access drinking (r=-.88, p<.001). Results suggest naïve brain network characteristics may be used to predict future alcohol consumption, and that alcohol consumption alters the topology of functional brain networks, shifting hubs and Rich Club membership away from previous regions in a non-systematic manner. Further work to refine these relationships may lead to the identification of a high-risk AUD phenotype.

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Drinking among friends: The role of personality in links between online exposure to peer drinking and adolescent alcohol use

Cyberpsychology Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace ◽

10.5817/cp2020-4-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Riley A. Scott ◽

Bonnie L Barber

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Social Networking ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

Social Networking Site ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Adolescent Drinking ◽

Adolescent Alcohol ◽

The Relationship ◽

Peer Drinking

The roles of conscientiousness and excitement seeking were investigated in the relationship between exposure to peer alcohol use online and adolescent alcohol consumption. It was hypothesized that higher levels of perceived peer alcohol use online would be associated with reports of higher adolescent alcohol consumption. Additionally, it was proposed that the relationship between perceived levels of peer alcohol use online and individual alcohol consumption would be stronger for adolescents lower in conscientiousness, and higher in excitement seeking, than it was in more conscientious, and less excitement-seeking students. Control variables included gender, pubertal timing, frequency of social networking site use, social networking site investment, and in-person peer alcohol norms. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey from a sample of 1,018 students (M = 16.45 years old, SD = 0.32 years). Higher levels of in-person peer drinking norms and social networking site alcohol exposure were associated with higher adolescent drinking. Furthermore, excitement seeking significantly moderated the relationship between social networking site alcohol exposure and alcohol use. Participants reporting higher excitement seeking appeared more susceptible to online alcohol exposure than those reporting lower excitement seeking. The current study contributes to understandings of adolescent drinking by demonstrating personality differences in adolescent susceptibility to online alcohol consumption norms.

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Evidence of shared genetic influences underlying schizophrenia and alcohol use disorder, but not alcohol consumption

10.1101/2020.10.27.20220186 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Emma C. Johnson ◽

Manav Kapoor ◽

Alexander S. Hatoum ◽

Hang Zhou ◽

Renato Polimanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Association Studies ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Genetic Covariance ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Brain Tissues

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) frequently co-occur, and recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified significant genetic correlations between them. In parallel, mounting evidence from GWAS suggests that alcohol consumption is only weakly genetically correlated with SCZ, but this has not yet been systematically investigated.MethodsWe used the largest published GWAS for AUD (total cases = 77,822) and SCZ (total cases = 46,827) to systematically identify genetic variants that influence both disorders (in either the same or opposite direction of effect) as well as disorder-specific loci, and contrast our findings with GWAS data for drinks per week (DPW; N = 537,349) as a measure of alcohol consumption.ResultsWe identified 55 independent genome-wide significant SNPs with the same direction of effect on AUD and SCZ, 9 with robust opposite effects, and 99 with disorder-specific effects. We also found evidence for 12 genes whose pleiotropic associations with AUD and SCZ are consistent with mediation via gene expression in the prefrontal cortex. The genetic covariance between AUD and SCZ was concentrated in genomic regions functional in brain tissues (p = 0.001). The genetic correlation between DPW and SCZ (rg = 0.102, SE = 0.022) was significantly lower than that for AUD and SCZ (rg = 0.392, SE = 0.029; p-value of the difference = 9.3e-18), and the genetic covariance between DPW and SCZ was not enriched for any meaningful tissue-specific categories.ConclusionsOur findings provide a detailed view of genetic loci that influence risk of both AUD and SCZ, suggest that biological commonalities underlying genetic variants with an effect on both disorders are manifested in brain tissues, and provide further evidence that SCZ shares meaningful genetic overlap with AUD and not merely alcohol consumption.

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Daytime Sleepiness: Associations with Alcohol Use and Sleep Duration in Americans

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2014/959152 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Subhajit Chakravorty ◽

Nicholas Jackson ◽

Ninad Chaudhary ◽

Philip J. Kozak ◽

Michael L. Perlis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Population Sample ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Drinking Frequency ◽

The Relationship

The aim of the current analysis was to investigate the relationship of daytime sleepiness with alcohol consumption and sleep duration using a population sample of adult Americans. Data was analyzed from adult respondents of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008 (N=2919) using self-reported variables for sleepiness, sleep duration, and alcohol consumption (quantity and frequency of alcohol use). A heavy drinking episode was defined as the consumption of ≥5 standard alcoholic beverages in a day. Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables and insomnia covariates were used to evaluate the relationship between daytime sleepiness and an interaction of alcohol consumption variables with sleep duration. The results showed that daytime sleepiness was reported by 15.07% of the subjects. In univariate analyses adjusted for covariates, an increased probability of daytime sleepiness was predicted by decreased log drinks per day [OR = 0.74 (95% CI, 0.58–0.95)], a decreased log drinking frequency [0.90 (95% CI, 0.83–0.98)], and lower sleep duration [OR = 0.75 (95% CI, 0.67–0.84)]. An interaction between decreased sleep duration and an increased log heavy drinking frequency predicted increased daytime sleepiness (P=0.004). Thus, the effect of sleep duration should be considered when evaluating the relationship between daytime sleepiness and heavy drinking.

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