Effectiveness of a Primary Health Care Program on Urban and Rural Community Disaster Preparedness, Islamic Republic of Iran: A Community Intervention Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Hani Mowafi ◽  
Hossein Malekafzali Ardakani ◽  
Farid Abolhasanai ◽  
Ali-Mohammad Zanganeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the effectiveness of a capacity-building intervention administered through a primary health care (PHC) system on community disaster preparedness in Iran.MethodsA controlled community intervention trial with pre- and postassessments was conducted in 2011 in 3 provinces of Iran. In each province, 2 areas were chosen and randomly selected as an intervention or control group. A total of 9200 households were in the intervention area and 10 010 were in the control area. In each study group in each province 250 households were sampled for pre- and postassessment surveys. Community health volunteers led by PHC staff administered an educational intervention covering elements of hazard awareness and preparedness, with a focus on earthquakes and floods. Relative changes for awareness and readiness scores were assessed to demonstrate changes in outcome variables from pre- to postassessments in intervention and control groups. An effectiveness test of significance was based on interaction between time and area.ResultsHouseholds in intervention communities exhibited improved disaster awareness and readiness with respect to all outcome measures. Relative changes in awareness in intervention and control areas were 2.94 and -0.08, respectively (P < .001). Relative changes for readiness scores were 5.52 in intervention areas and 0.56 in control areas (P < .001). Relative changes for awareness and readiness were significantly correlated with a community's baseline risk perception and previous experience with natural disasters (P < .001).ConclusionsAn educational intervention administered through the PHC system effectively improved disaster awareness and readiness at a community level. For sustainability, community disaster reduction programs must be integrated into routine public health service delivery. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;7:481-490)

scholarly journals The Influence of Aloe Vera Juice on Lipid Profile at Prediabetes Patient in East Pontianak Primary Health Care Center, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4603-4607
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Rahayu Indriasari ◽  
Meta Mahendradatta ◽  
Rukman Abdullah ◽  
Masrianih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Aloe is a medicinal plant in Indonesia, which is often used as traditional medicine. The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of Aloe juice administration on changes in lipid profile (HDL, LDL, Triglycerides) in East Pontianak Primary Health Care Center. This study used quasi-experimental. This study used sampling on 36 people in 2 groups. In the treatment group, there was Aloe juice administration of 250 ml/day for 15 days while in the control group there was no Aloe juice administration. HDL level in the intervention group had an increase of 14.89 mg/ whereas in the control group had an increase of 1.22 mg/, where there was no significant difference between the intervention group and control group (p&gt; 0.05), LDL level in the intervention group had a decrease of 10.56 mg/ while the control group had a decrease of 5.94 mg/ where there was no significant difference between the intervention group and the control group (p&gt; 0.05) and triglyceride level in the intervention group had a decrease of 8.78 mg/ whereas in the control group had a decrease of 3.50 mg/ where there was no significant difference between the intervention group and the control group (p&gt; 0.05) which means intervention group and control group had no significant differences. The mean HDL level had an increase while the LDL level and triglyceride level had a decrease.

Policy Development in Disaster Preparedness and Management: Lessons Learned from the January 2001 Earthquake in Gujarat, India

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rannveig Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The World

AbstractIntroduction:During the last decades, several humanitarian emergencies have occurred, with an increasing number of humanitarian organizations taking part in providing assistance. However, need assessments, medical intelligence, and coordination of the aid often are sparse, resulting in the provision of ineffective and expensive assistance. When an earthquake with the strength of 7.7 on the Richter scale struck the state of Gujarat, India, during the early morning on 26 January 2001, nearly 20,000 persons were killed, nearly 170,000 were injured, and 600,000 were rendered homeless. This study identifies how assigned indicators to measure the level of health care may improve disaster preparedness and management, thus, reducing human suffering.Methods:During a two-week mission in the disaster area, the disaster relief provided to the disaster-affected population of Gujarat was evaluated. Vulnerability due to climate, geography, culture, religion, gender, politics, and economy, as each affected the outcome, was studied. By assigning indicators to the eight ELEMENTS of the Primary Health Care System as advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO), the level of public health and healthcare services were estimated, an evaluation of the impact of the disaster was conducted, and possible methods for improving disaster management are suggested. Representatives of the major relief organizations involved were interviewed on their relief policies. Strategies to improve disaster relief, such as policy development in the different aspects of public health/primary health care, were sought.Results:Evaluation of the pre-event status of the affected society revealed a complex situation in a vulnerable society with substantial deficiencies in the existing health system that added to the severity of the disaster. Most of the civilian hospitals had collapsed, and army field hospitals provided medical care to most of the patients under primitive conditions using tents. When the foreign field hospitals arrived 5 to 7 days after the earthquake, most of the casualties requiring surgical intervention already had been operated on. Relief provided to the disaster victims had reduced quality for the following reasons: (1) proper public health indicators had not yet been developed; (2) efficient coordination was lacking; (3) insufficient, overestimated, or partly irrelevant relief was provided; (4) relief was delayed because of bureaucracy; and (5) policies on the delivery of disaster relief had not been developed.Conclusion:To optimize the effectiveness of limited resources, disaster preparedness and the provision of feasible and necessary aid is of utmost importance. An appropriate, rapid, crisis intervention could be achieved by continual surveillance of the world's situation by a Relief Coordination Center. A panel of experts could evaluate and coordinate the international disaster responses and make use of stored emergency material and emergency teams. A successful disaster response will depend on accurate and relevant medical intelligence and socio-geographical mapping in advance of, during, and after the event(s) causing the disaster. More effective and feasible equipment coordinated with the relief provided by the rest of the world is necessary. If policies and agreements are developed as part of disaster preparedness, on international, bilateral, and national levels, disaster relief may be more relevant, less chaotic, and easier to estimate, thus, bringing improved relief to the disaster victims.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an evidence-based educational intervention aiming to integrate treatment of tobacco dependence into daily clinical practice in primary health care in Crete

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Χάρις Γιρβαλάκη
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Tobacco Treatment ◽  
And Control

Aim: This doctoral dissertation aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a tobacco treatment training intervention among General Practitioners (GPs) working in primary health care in Crete, Greece. The study objectives were: (a) to determine whether the tobacco treatment training intervention when delivered among GPs can increase GPs’ knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, perceived behavioral control, and intentions related to the delivery of tobacco treatment, and (b) whether the tobacco treatment training intervention when delivered among GPs can change GPs’ behaviors related to the delivery of tobacco treatment interventions (4As delivery). Study population & methods: A quasi-experimental pilot study with pre-post evaluation was conducted in Crete, Greece (2015-2016). GPs (n = 24) intervention and control group and a cross-sectional sample of their patients (n = 841) were surveyed before the implementation of the intervention. GPs in the intervention group received training, practice, and patient tools to support the integration of the 4As treatment into clinical routines. Intervention group GPs (n = 14) and a second cross-sectional sample of patients (n = 460) were surveyed 4 months following the intervention to assess changes in outcomes of interest. Multilevel modeling was used to analyze data.Results: Among GPs exposed to the intervention, significant increases in 6 of the 13 domains of knowledge, self-efficacy (14.3% vs. 64.3%; p=0.034) and rates of 4As delivery were documented between the pre-and post-assessment and compared to the control group. Specifically, the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for 4As delivery between the intervention and control groups were: AOR ‘ask’ 3.66 (95%CI 2.61, 5.14; p<0.001); AOR ‘advice’ 4.44 (95%CI 3.18, 6.21; p<0.001); AOR ‘assist’ 13.71 (95%CI 9.30, 20.19; p<0.001) and AOR ‘arrange’ 4.75 (95%CI 2.67, 8.45; p<0.001).Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate a multi-component tobacco treatment intervention in primary health care in Crete, Greece. The study findings demonstrate that the tobacco treatment training intervention in primary care settings was associated with significant improvements in the rates at which GPs deliver evidence-based tobacco treatment into their daily clinical practice. Future research should examine methods for supporting broader dissemination of well-designed training interventions in general practice in Greece and other European countries.

Disaster Management in Rural and Remote Primary Health Care: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Katie A. Willson ◽  
Gerard J. FitzGerald ◽  
David Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Primary Health

AbstractObjective:This scoping review aims to map the roles of rural and remote primary health care professionals (PHCPs) during disasters.Introduction:Disasters can have catastrophic impacts on society and are broadly classified into natural events, man-made incidents, or a mixture of both. The PHCPs working in rural and remote communities face additional challenges when dealing with disasters and have significant roles during the Prevention, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery (PPRR) stages of disaster management.Methods:A Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology was utilized, and the search was conducted over seven electronic databases according to a priori protocol.Results:Forty-one papers were included and sixty-one roles were identified across the four stages of disaster management. The majority of disasters described within the literature were natural events and pandemics. Before a disaster occurs, PHCPs can build individual resilience through education. As recognized and respected leaders within their community, PHCPs are invaluable in assisting with disaster preparedness through being involved in organizations’ planning policies and contributing to natural disaster and pandemic surveillance. Key roles during the response stage include accommodating patient surge, triage, maintaining the health of the remaining population, instituting infection control, and ensuring a team-based approach to mental health care during the disaster. In the aftermath and recovery stage, rural and remote PHCPs provide long-term follow up, assisting patients in accessing post-disaster support including delivery of mental health care.Conclusion:Rural and remote PHCPs play significant roles within their community throughout the continuum of disaster management. As a consequence of their flexible scope of practice, PHCPs are well-placed to be involved during all stages of disaster, from building of community resilience and contributing to early alert of pandemics, to participating in the direct response when a disaster occurs and leading the way to recovery.

Manajemen Diri (Self Management) Perilaku Sehat pada Pasien Hipertensi

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vera Kurnia ◽  
Desti Nataria
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Behavior ◽  
Education Management ◽  
Primary Health

Hypertension is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality  all over the world, also known as “the silent killer” because people with hypertension are without symptoms. West Sumatera Province reported that the prevalence of hypertension at the age 18 years has increased from 25,8% in 2013 to 31,7% in 2018. Successful strategies to manage the blood preasure depends on patients self-care management or the ability and willingness of the patient to change and maintain certain behavior.The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of self-education management of hypertension patients in the working area of primary health care in Bukittinggi.Design of this research is a quasi experimental design with pretest-posttest with control group. The sample which used were 62 respondents consist of 31 people in the intervention group and 31 people in the group control. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling technique. Data was analyzed Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney test. The result of this research shows that there isn’t any effect of self education management to healthy behavior which includes exercise and healthy diet of the intervention group and the control group at community health center in Bukittinggi (mean rank after the intervention < 10; p> 0,05). Based on the result of this research it can be concluded that the habits of respondents who carry out light and medium activities every day and also education provided by primary health care  have given big impact to respondent’s habits where they always do exercise and healthy diet in their daily life.The result of this research can be used as an input for primary health care to maintain and improve education of healthy behavior for hypertension patients.

scholarly journals Knowledge, adherence and control among patients with hypertension attending a peri-urban primary health care clinic, KwaZulu-Natal

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumuyiwa A. Olowe ◽  
Andrew J. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Control

Background: Despite hypertension being a common condition among patients attending primary health care (PHC) clinics, blood pressure (BP) control is often poor. Greater insight into patient-related factors that influence the control of hypertension will assist in the development of an intervention to address the issues identified.Aim: The aim of the study was to assess patient-related variables associated with hypertension control among patients attending a peri-urban PHC clinic.Setting: The setting for this study was a peri-urban PHC clinic in KwaZulu-Natal.Method: This was an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study with 348 patients selected over a 1-month period. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on patients’ hypertension knowledge and self-reported adherence, and BP recordings from their medical record were recorded to ascertain control.Results: Of the 348 participants, only 49% had good BP control and 44% (152/348) had concurrent diabetes mellitus. The majority of patients had moderate levels of knowledge on hypertension and exhibited moderate adherence. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and reported adherence, between reported adherence and control, but not between reported knowledge and control.Conclusion: Despite over 90% of the study population having moderate knowledge, and 62% with moderate reported adherence, BP was well controlled in only less than 50% of the study population. These findings suggest a need to emphasise adherence and explore new ways of approaching adherence.

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