scholarly journals A Systematic Approach to Evaluating Design Prompts in Supporting Experimental Design Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2755-2764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apurva Patel ◽  
Maria-Vittoria Elena ◽  
Joshua Summers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Equivalent Problem ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Initial Comparison ◽  
Experiment Verification ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Given

AbstractExperiments that study engineering behavior in design often rely on participants responding to a given design prompt or a problem statement. Moreover, researchers often find themselves testing multiple variables with a relatively small participant pool. In such situations multiple design prompts may be used to boost replication by giving each participant an equivalent problem with a different experimental condition. This paper presents a systematic approach to compare given design prompts using a two-step process that allows an initial comparison of the prompts and a post-experiment verification of the similarity of the given prompts. Comparison metrics are provided which can be used to evaluate a level of similarity of existing prompts as well as develop similar problems. These metrics include complexity (size, coupling, and solvability), familiarity, and prompt structure. Statistical methods are discussed for post-experiment verification. Guidelines are provided for a post-experiment survey which may be used for an additional perspective of prompt similarity. The proposed approach is demonstrated using an experiment where two design prompts were used for within-subject replication.

scholarly journals Методичні положення щодо формування дизайну вхідних груп підприємств обслуговування, вбудованих і вбудовано-прибудованих в житлові будинки

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
В. А. Абизов ◽  
А. В. Кулик
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Given

Determination of the basic methodological provisions for the formation of the design service enterprises' entrance groups built-in into the residential buildings. Consideration of design features of the entrance groups of built-in objects in accordance with the hierarchical levels of formation of their architectural environment. The research is based on a systematic approach that allows us to consider the architectural environment of entertaining institutions as hierarchically subordinate to the integrity. Also are used methods of historical, comparative and typological analysis, experimental design. The article comprehensively examines the various factors and conditions that influence on the organization of the architectural environment of the service enterprises' entrance groups located on the first floors of residential buildings. The main stages of designing and the corresponding hierarchical levels of formation of the design of the service objects' entrance groups, are revealed.  The proposed method of designing of service enterprises' entrance groups of built-in into the apartment houses is proposed. The peculiarities of the design of entrance groups in accordance with the revealed hierarchical levels of formation and development of their architectural environment are presented. The given methodological provisions regarding the formation of the design of service enterprises' entrance groups of built-in into the apartment houses will be useful for the current practice of designing, rehabilitating, modernizing and exploiting the built-in service objects and will contribute to solving the problem of aesthetic expressiveness of residential development.

Manufacturability Analysis for Solid Freeform Fabrication

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Arni ◽  
S. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Solid Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Freeform Fabrication ◽  
Design Tolerance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Given ◽  
Manufacturing Problems ◽  
Case Effect

Abstract This paper describes a systematic approach to analyzing manufacturability of parts produced using Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) processes with flatness, parallelism and perpendicularity tolerance requirements on the planar faces of the part. SFF processes approximate objects using layers, therefore the part being produced exhibits stair-case effect. The extent of this stair-case effect depends on the angle between the build orientation and the face normal. Therefore, different faces whose direction normal is oriented differently with respect to the build direction may exhibit different values of inaccuracies. We use a two step approach to perform the manufacturability analysis. We first analyze each specified tolerance on the part and identify the set of feasible build directions that can be used to satisfy that tolerance. As a second step, we take the intersection of all sets of feasible build directions to identify the set of build directions that can simultaneously satisfy all specified tolerance requirements. If there is at least one build direction that can satisfy all tolerance requirements, then the part is considered manufacturable. Otherwise, the part is considered non-manufacturable. Our research will help SFF designers and process providers in the following ways. By evaluating design tolerances against a given process capability, it will help designers in eliminating manufacturing problems and selecting the right SFF process for the given design. It will help process providers in selecting a build direction that can meet all design tolerance requirements.

Real-time monitoring technology in single-case experimental design research: Opportunities and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate H. Bentley ◽  
Evan M. Kleiman ◽  
Grace Elliott ◽  
Jeffery C. Huffman ◽  
Matthew K. Nock
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Technology ◽  
Research Opportunities

scholarly journals Formations of Silicon Carbide and Epoxy Matrix Radiator: An Experimental Design, Dimension and Formulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1793-1796
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
The Given ◽  
Design Dimension

The greatest dealon the article have to approach the experimental design, dimensions and formulations in Silicon Carbide and Epoxy Matrix Radiator. The experiment prepared as per the fabrication chart behind that known about the characterization of material and proposal layout of fabrication work. Among the research work, concentrated the formation of silicon carbide epoxy matrix radiator in the given configuration and composition prepared as a high thermal conductive Epoxy resin is mixed at the ratio of 20wt% of epoxy resin 80% of Silicon Carbide. As silicon carbide has higher thermal conductivity and lowerthermal expansion than Aluminium and then the experimented result determined by the rate of heat transfer analysis such as the mode of heat transfer like Conduction, Convection and Radiation of the materials (Aluminium 6061 and Sic + Epoxy Resin). The following heat transfer characteristics formulated and calculated as per the given design, dimension and configuration of the materials.

scholarly journals ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM FOR DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF AN INACCESSIBLE POINT OF AN OBJECT

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Brailov ◽  
Vitaliy Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Algorithm ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Given ◽  
Real Experimental Data

In the present research the optimizing approach to the determination of the parameters of an inaccessible point of an object is developed. The common issues are revealed and essential steps of their resolution are identified. The essence of the problem is an objective contradiction between a requirement for the location of points A and B of the centers of the sighting tubes of optical devices in the same horizontal plane P1 and the lack of a real possibility to perform such to achieve this an identical one-level arrangement without error. The aim of the study is to develop strategies for determining the position of an inaccessible point of an object in the minimum domain between intersecting sighting rays as well as an adaptive algorithm for determining the values of the parameters of an inaccessible point under the given absolute and relative errors. To achieve this aim, the following problems are formulated and solved in the paper: 1. Develop strategies for determining the position of the inaccessible point of the object in the minimum domain between the intersecting sighting rays. 2. Develop an adaptive algorithm for determining the values of the parameters of an inaccessible point based on the specified absolute and relative errors. In the proposed optimizing approach, the three-dimensional geometrical model with crossed directional rays for the determination of coordinates of the inaccessible point of an object is developed. It is discussed that points С and C', coordinated of which to be determined, locates in domain [CDM, CEM], [C'D'M, C'E'M] of the minimum distance ρmin between crossed directional rays. The optimizing problem of the determination of coordinates of an inaccessible point of an object in space is reduced to a problem of the determination of the minimum distance between two crossed directional rays. It’s known from the theory of function of multiple variables that function ρ = f (tC'D', tC'E') reaches its extremum ρmin when its partial derivatives by each variable are equal to zero. Three strategies for selecting the position of the inaccessible point C (xC, yC, zC) in the found minimum region [CDM, CEM] are proposed. The required point C' (xC', yC', zC') can be located, for example, in the middle of the minimum segment [C'D'M, C'E'M]. The essence of the adaptive algorithm is in optimizing the variation of the initial values of data α, α', β, γ, γ', AB, at which the absolute and relative errors of the coordinates of the inaccessible point satisfy the error values set by the customer (0.0001-1.2%) The proposed approach is verified using real experimental data.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SITUATION-BASED LEARNING TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS X SMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Beni Junedi ◽  
Ade Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Mathematical Understanding ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling ◽  
Better Than

The research aims to find out the students' mathematical understanding using situation-based learning model students of class X IPA, the type of research used is quasi-experimental design research, taking class X IPA 3 as an experimental class and class X IPA 2 as a control class. The technique used in this sampling is cluster random sampling. Research instruments in the form of tests to determine the level of mathematical understanding of students. The data obtained will be analyzed with the hypothesis test t-test. Hypothesis test results obtained a significant value <0.05 which is 0.049 <0.05. Based on these results it was concluded to reject H0 and accept Ha. This means the average student's mathematical understanding ability using the Situation-Based Learning model is better than the average student's mathematical understanding ability using conventional learning.

Improving the accuracy of the synthesis of the amplitude-phase distribution in an antenna array with an arbitrary geometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.D. Gabrielyan ◽  
Dan.S. Fedorov ◽  
Den.S. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Arbitrary Geometry ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Path Measurement ◽  
The One ◽  
The Given ◽  
Single Approach

Problem statement. One of the constructing antenna arrays (AA) topic is related to the determination of complex amplitudes at the input of the antenna-feeder path, which, taking into account the distortions introduced by the its, ensure the formation of an amplitude-phase distribution (APD), in which the formed DP differed minimally from the set one. The statement of the problem assumes the known number and coordinates of the location of the emitters, the DP of the radiating element in the composition of the radiating opening, a given radiation pattern. It is required to form an APD in a given opening of the AA, which ensures the formation of a DP that has a minimum deviation from the specified one. To solve the problem, the following algorithm is proposed: determination of the APD at the input of the antenna-feeder path, which ensures the formation of a given DP in the absence of distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path; measurement for the selected directions of the generated DP with the selected APD in the presence of APD distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path; formation of a refined APD that ensures the fulfillment of required condition in the presence of distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path of the AA. Objective. Minimize the root-mean-square deviation of the generated PD from the one specified for the AP with the opening of an arbitrary geometry. Results. The results obtained showed: The formulation of the problem of synthesis of the APD allows us to consider, within the framework of a single approach, AA with different geometries, including AA with a non-planar radiating opening, no restrictions are imposed on the shape of the boundary, and linear (quasi-ring) AA, the emitters of which are located along an arbitrary mane. Using the proposed algorithm for the synthesis of APD, which includes three main stages: the formation of APD for a given DP; measurement of complex values of the generated DP; refinement of the APD by determining the corrections while minimizing the standard deviation (SD) between the specified and formed at the first stage of the DP, allows us to form an APD that provides a minimum SD between the specified and formed DP. The performed studies have shown that when choosing the number of angular directions in each plane, comparable to the number of emitters in this plane, there is a large difference between the given and formed DP. When the number of angular directions for measuring the DP is approximately three times greater than the number of emitters in a given plane, the SD between the specified and formed DP is close to the minimum value and practically does not change with further increase.

3D Object Modeling Using Sketches

2013 ◽  
pp. 238-256
Author(s):  
Sofia Kyratzi ◽  
Nickolas S. Sapidis
Keyword(s):  
Unique Solution ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Solid Model ◽  
Object Modeling ◽  
Step Process ◽  
3D Object ◽  
Partial View ◽  
The Given ◽  
3D Object Modeling

In this paper, the authors present a new algorithm for constructing a solid model when the given input is only one partial-view sketch (“natural sketch”). This algorithm is a two-step process, where first a complete (wireframe) sketch is derived, which is then transformed into a 3D polyhedron. The paper details topological and geometric aspects of the process, as well as the essential “user-interaction” components dealing with cases where the sketch-to-solid problem does not have a unique solution.

scholarly journals Deposition Technologies of High-Efficiency CIGS Solar Cells: Development of Two-Step and Co-Evaporation Processes

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hua Huang ◽  
Wen-Jie Chuang ◽  
Chun-Ping Lin ◽  
Yueh-Lin Jan ◽  
Yu-Chiu Shih
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Metal Precursors ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Cigs Solar Cells ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
The Given

The two-step process including the deposition of the metal precursors followed by heating the metal precursors in a vacuum environment of Se overpressure was employed for the preparation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) films. The CIGS films selenized at the relatively high Se flow rate of 25 Å/s exhibited improved surface morphologies. The correlations among the two-step process parameters, film properties, and cell performance were studied. With the given selenization conditions, the efficiency of 12.5% for the fabricated CIGS solar cells was achieved. The features of co-evaporation processes including the single-stage, bi-layer, and three-stage process were discussed. The characteristics of the co-evaporated CIGS solar cells were presented. Not only the surface morphologies but also the grading bandgap structures were crucial to the improvement of the open-circuit voltage of the CIGS solar cells. Efficiencies of over 17% for the co-evaporated CIGS solar cells have been achieved. Furthermore, the critical factors and the mechanisms governing the performance of the CIGS solar cells were addressed.

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