Organismal Design and Biomimetics: A Problem of Scale

Organisms and their features represent a complex system of solutions that can efficiently inspire the development of original and cutting-edge design applications: the related discipline is known as biomimetics. From the smallest to the largest, every species has developed and adapted different working principles based on their relative dimensional realm. In nature, size changes determine remarkable effects in organismal structures, functions, and evolutionary innovations. Similarly, size and scaling rules need to be considered in the biomimetic transfer of solutions to different dimensions, from nature to artefacts. The observation of principles that occur at very small scales, such as for nano- and microstructures, can often be seen and transferred to a macroscopic scale. However, this transfer is not always possible; numerous biological structures lose their functionality when applied to different scale dimensions. Hence, the evaluation of the effects and changes in scaling biological working principles to the final design dimension is crucial for the success of any biomimetic transfer process. This review intends to provide biologists and designers with an overview regarding scale-related principles in organismal design and their application to technical projects regarding mechanics, optics, electricity, and acoustics.

Investigation of Çankiri City Railway in Scope of Greenway

Nowadays, the importance of greenway applications in planning studies has increased to meet the increasing environmental problems in cities, the loss of open spaces, and the increasing need for recreation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate within the scope of the greenway about the part of 11 km of the Çankırı railway passing through the city center by considering the planning and design dimension. The research was carried out in four stages: literature review, analysis of natural and cultural landscape characteristics, preparation of a conceptual plan, and design suggestions. The area has a straight aspect, the slope is 0–3%, and it is an alluvial structure. It was determined that there are registered historical buildings, but structural areas are intense. According to plan, a green area and a bicycle path arrangement was proposed at the side of the railway. Also, along the existing road routes, a walking or bicycle path was proposed to provide connection between open green areas in the city. In the design process, appropriate landscape design solutions were developed for the station area, and it was proposed that street area and some intersection points be pedestrianized.

Knowledge and Information Management Tools in Architectural Dimensions

A knowledge systems design is a layer of learning modeling approach that focuses on applying generic Artificial Intelligence (AI) application approaches to a specific category of problem-solving activities. The consequences of 3 major approaches of the architectural dimension for the development of Knowledge Engineering (KE) tools are discussed in this study. The methodology is shown by a hierarchy of KE tools to enable systems management and knowledge development at the architectural design dimension, as well as architecture for controlling uncertainty through reasoning about actions. This article discusses architecture-dimension tools for KE. Knowledge architecture is a way of tailoring conventional AI problem-solving strategies to a specific set of activities. Architecture describes a certain kind of issue solution (e.g., diagnostic or reconfiguration) at a theoretical dimension above the application, indicating which parts of a problem class are fundamental to the issue and which are integration artifacts. An information system's design is a partial model in which certain choices are taken ahead of time to accommodate specific job characteristics. Many medical diagnostic systems, for example, evaluate data from the bottom up to identify "triggered" illness hypotheses, and then create top-down tasks to gather evidence for and against the hypotheses. Although it may be executed in a number of ways, the "trigger and acquire proof" cycle is an essential aspect of any design for the domain of clinical imaging activities.

A review on quality from the perspective of industrial product design assessment

The design assessment of an industrial product implies the objective approach of the product from both technical and aesthetic perspective, considering the market segment and its relation to the product through ergonomic and also signification associations, all of this taking into account functionality and the perceived quality of a product. The presented paper represents a review on quality in its relation to product design by analysing in turn the relations between quality, product, design and user and establishing the common concepts associated to quality related to each design dimension. The research contributes to the understanding of quality when is addressed from the point of view of industrial design assessment.

Pembelajaran Mod Teradun Berasaskan Modul Interactive Lecture dalam Kalangan Pelajar (Blended Learning Mode Based on Interactive Lecture Module among Students)

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti hubungan yang signifikan antara Dimensi Reka Bentuk, Dimensi Penilaian Terhadap Pengajar, Dimensi Kandungan dan Dimensi Penilaian dengan Pembelajaran Mod Teradun Berasaskan Modul Interactive Lecture dalam kalangan pelajar yang mengambil kursus Aplikasi Komputer dalam Bahasa Melayu. Pendekatan kajian kuantitatif dalam kajian ini adalah berbentuk deskriptif dengan menggunakan kaedah tinjauan. Populasi kajian ini adalah pelajar-pelajar yang mengambil kursus Aplikasi Komputer dalam Bahasa Melayu. Persampelan bertujuan dalam kajian ini digunakan untuk mendapatkan kumpulan responden yang mempunyai ciri-ciri tertentu mengikut kehendak kajian. Seramai 243 orang pelajar dipilih sebagai sampel kajian. Dalam kajian rintis, beberapa aspek penyesuaian item telah dijalankan sehingga terhasil nilai Cronbach Alpha yang tinggi (0.89). Data yang dikumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan korelasi Pearson. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Dimensi Reka Bentuk, Dimensi Penilaian Terhadap Pengajar, Dimensi Kandungan dan Dimensi Penilaian dengan Pembelajaran Mod Teradun Berasaskan Modul Interactive Lecture. Dapatan ini menjelaskan bahawa untuk meningkatkan tahap Pembelajaran Mod Teradun Berasaskan Modul Interactive Lecture dalam kalangan pelajar, dimensi Reka Bentuk, dimensi Penilaian Terhadap Pengajar, Dimensi Kandungan dan Dimensi Penilaian perlu dipertingkatkan. Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between Design Dimension, Evaluation of Educators Dimension, Content Dimension and Evaluation Dimension with Blended learning mode based on Interactive Lecture Module among students who are taking Computer Applications in Bahasa Melayu. The quantitative research approach in this study is descriptive using the survey method. The population of this research is students who are taking Computer Applications in Bahasa Melayu. The purposeful sampling was used to obtain a group of respondents who have certain characteristics according to the requirements of the study. A total of 243 students was selected as the study sample. In the pilot study, several aspects of item adjustment were carried out resulting in a high Cronbach Alpha value (0.89). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the Design Dimension, Evaluation of Educators Dimension, Content Dimension and Evaluation Dimension with Blended learning mode based on Interactive Lecture Module among students who are taking Computer Applications in Bahasa Melayu. The findings explain that in order to increase the level of Blended learning mode based on Interactive Lecture Module among students, the Design Dimension, Evaluation of Educators Dimension, Content Dimension and Evaluation Dimension need to be enhanced. Keywords: Interactive lecture, design dimension, evaluation of educators dimension, content dimension, evaluation dimension.

Formations of Silicon Carbide and Epoxy Matrix Radiator: An Experimental Design, Dimension and Formulations

The greatest dealon the article have to approach the experimental design, dimensions and formulations in Silicon Carbide and Epoxy Matrix Radiator. The experiment prepared as per the fabrication chart behind that known about the characterization of material and proposal layout of fabrication work. Among the research work, concentrated the formation of silicon carbide epoxy matrix radiator in the given configuration and composition prepared as a high thermal conductive Epoxy resin is mixed at the ratio of 20wt% of epoxy resin 80% of Silicon Carbide. As silicon carbide has higher thermal conductivity and lowerthermal expansion than Aluminium and then the experimented result determined by the rate of heat transfer analysis such as the mode of heat transfer like Conduction, Convection and Radiation of the materials (Aluminium 6061 and Sic + Epoxy Resin). The following heat transfer characteristics formulated and calculated as per the given design, dimension and configuration of the materials.

A New Vision for the Design Process of Sustainable Urban Transportation

Nowadays, several new global trends have emerged, empathizing urban design dimension in the planning of transportation networks and keeping pace with urban, environmental and social development. These trends emerged into practice in many developed countries, aiming at achieving sustainability, improving the built environment, reducing and addressing the environmental impacts resulted from the misuse of local resources of the environment, improving public health and providing better quality of life. The patterns of these trends varied in both urban design and urban transportation. The frameworks of both urban design and urban transportation are closely linked to these modern trends, each of which relies on its own practical framework and is adapted to the local conditions according to the type and pattern of urbanization in which these trends originated. It is worth mentioning that the crosscutting points and the linkages between the two areas, urban design and urban transportation, clearly exist in a global methodological frameworks covering the design process in both fields. Hence, the research gap to be covered in this paper is creating a global framework that covers the design process in both fields.The objectives of urban design are closely related to the objectives of urban transportation. This makes it necessary to integrate these two fields in a clear and systematic framework that suits and meets the needs of the urban content of the Egyptian society. Taking into consideration the pace of development taking place in both areas at the global level, and the emergence of many attempts integrating both the theoretical and the operational level. The Egyptian society faces a large gap between the current situation of the Egyptian urbanization and the extent of the application of these modern global trends due to the absence of the importance of integrating urban design dimension in planning urban transportation in existing urban cities.In this context, the paper seeks to reach a comprehensive vision that combines the two fields in order to improve the urban built environment and reduce the problems associated with the urban transportation sector in Egypt with aid of many of the modern global trends that dealt with this subject and reached many solutions that can be adopted in Egypt. The paper adopted the formulation of a generalized framework that includes the dimension of urban design in the planning and design of urban transport networks and included two pillars. (a) Proposing an ideological framework elaborating the integrated design process, which includes the use of the global modern trends in urban design and urban transportation at the functional urban, social, environmental and economic level; (b) Proposing a theoretical phased design process in line with the local Egyptian reality, which includes different application levels for planning, design, management, development and operation.

Design and analysis of PM motor with semi-circle stator design using 2D-finite element analysis

<p>This paper presents a basic approach to reduce an overall weight of selected PM motor. The approach is not based on normal sizing step by keeping the overall design in symmetry dimension, but by introducing semi-circle stator design. The investigation takes 12-slot/10-pole motor as a subject due to it symmetric winding disposition. Two designs are included, both having identical semi-circle stator but different in rotor configuration. Design 1 has a standard rotor design that equipped with 10-pole while Design 2 has a semi-circle rotor design following the stator design. This inherently result an even number of pole i.e. 5. From the investigation using 2D-Finite Element Analysis, an overall weight in PM motor can be theoretically reduced by having asymmetric design dimension. However, motor torque performance would deteriorate and unwanted noise may exist due to high cogging torque and high output torque ripple. A proper design procedure that includes parameter optimization and intelligent switching for optimum current excitation is required to restore the desired torque.</p>