scholarly journals Differences between men and women in dietary intakes and metabolic profile in response to a 12-week nutritional intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Leblanc ◽  
Anne-Marie Hudon ◽  
Marie-Michelle Royer ◽  
Louise Corneau ◽  
Sylvie Dodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Nutritional Intervention Programme ◽  
Metabolic Variables ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

AbstractFew studies have compared men and women in response to nutritional interventions but none has assessed differences between men and women in the response to a nutritional intervention programme based on the self-determination theory (SDT) and using the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) as a model of healthy eating, in a context of CVD prevention and within a non-Mediterranean population. The present study aimed to document differences between men and women in changes in dietary, anthropometric and metabolic variables, in response to a nutritional intervention programme promoting the adoption of the MedDiet and based on the SDT. A total of sixty-four men and fifty-nine premenopausal women presenting risk factors for CVD were recruited through different media advertisements in the Québec City Metropolitan area (Canada). The 12-week nutritional programme used a motivational interviewing approach and included individual and group sessions. A validated FFQ was administered to evaluate dietary intakes from which a Mediterranean score (Medscore) was derived. Both men and women significantly increased their Medscore in response to the intervention (P < 0·0001). Men showed a significantly greater decrease in red and processed meat (−0·4 (95 % CI −0·7, −0·1) portions per d) and a greater increase in fruit (0·9 (95 % CI 0·2, 1·6) portions per d) intakes than women. Significant decreases were observed for BMI and waist circumference in both men and women (P ≤ 0·04). Significant greater decreases were found for total cholesterol (total-C):HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) (−0·2; 95 % CI −0·4, −0·03) and TAG:HDL-C (−0·2; 95 % CI −0·4, −0·04) ratios in men than in women. When adjusting for the baseline value of the response variable, differences between men and women became non-significant for red and processed meat and fruit intakes whereas significant differences between men and women (i.e. larger increases in men than women) were observed for legumes, nuts and seeds (0·6 (95 % CI 0·2, 1·0) portions per d) and whole-grain products (0·5 (95 % CI 0·01, 1·0) portions per d) intakes. For metabolic variables, differences between men and women became non-significant for total-C:HDL-C and TAG:HDL-C ratios when adjusted for the baseline value of the response variable. The present results suggest that the nutritional intervention promoting the adoption of the Mediterranean diet and based on the SDT led to greater improvements in dietary intakes in men than in women, which appear to have contributed to beneficial anthropometric and metabolic changes, more particularly in men. However, the more deteriorated metabolic profile found in men at baseline seems to contribute to a large extent to the more beneficial changes in CVD risk factors observed in men as compared with women.

Consuming Selected Groups of Products Among Polish and Spanish Physical Education Students Within the Context of the Assumptions Proposed by the Mediterranean Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (92) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Maria Gacek ◽  
Grażyna Kosiba ◽  
Agnieszka Wojtowicz ◽  
Jacek Szalewski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
The Mediterranean

Introduction: Nutritional behaviour is determined by individual and environmental factors. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the frequency of consuming selected groups of food products within the context of the recommendations proposed by the Mediterranean diet model, depending on the country of residence: Polish vs. Spanish physical education students. Material and methods: Research was carried out among 219 Polish and 280 Spanish students, using the standardised Kom-PAN questionnaire. In the statistical analysis, the chi-square test was used, at the α=0.05 level of statistical significance. Results: Nutritional mistakes of the general population were related to the low frequency of consuming: fruit, vegetables, wholemeal bread and other whole grains, fermented dairy products and vegetable oils, and the relatively frequent consumption of red meat, processed meat products and confectionery. Among the Polish students, significantly more frequent consumption of some products recommended in the Mediterranean diet (fruit, vegetables and wholegrain cereal products) as well as poultry meat was noted, but also more frequent consumption of sweets and confectionery products (p<0.001). The Spanish students significantly more often consumed the recommended dishes with legume seeds and sea fish (p<0.001), but also non-recommended products - red meat and fast food (p<0.01). Conclusions: Among Polish and Spanish physical education students, the assumptions of the Mediterranean diet were implemented to a limit extent, while depending on the country of residence, their differentiation was demonstrated.

scholarly journals The Mediterranean diet protects against waist circumference enlargement in 12Ala carriers for the PPARγ gene: 2 years' follow-up of 774 subjects at high cardiovascular risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Razquin ◽  
J. Alfredo Martinez ◽  
Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez ◽  
Dolores Corella ◽  
José Manuel Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pro12ala Polymorphism ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Pparγ Gene

The PPARγ gene regulates insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis. The Pro12Ala polymorphism of this gene has been related to fat accumulation. Our aim was to analyse the effects of a 2-year nutritional intervention with Mediterranean-style diets on adiposity in high-cardiovascular risk patients depending on the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ gene. The population consisted of a substudy (774 high-risk subjects aged 55–80 years) of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) randomised trial aimed at assessing the effect of the Mediterranean diet for CVD prevention. There were three nutritional intervention groups: two of them of a Mediterranean-style diet and the third was a control group advised to follow a conventional low-fat diet. All the participants were genotyped by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The results showed that carriers of the 12Ala allele allocated to the control group had a statistically significant higher change in waist circumference (adjusted difference coefficient = 2·37 cm; P = 0·014) compared with wild-type subjects after 2 years of nutritional intervention. This adverse effect was not observed among 12Ala carriers allocated to both Mediterranean diet groups. In diabetic patients a statistically significant interaction between Mediterranean diet and the 12Ala allele regarding waist circumference change was observed ( − 5·85 cm; P = 0·003). In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet seems to be able to reduce waist circumference in a high-cardiovascular risk population, reversing the negative effect that the 12Ala allele carriers of the PPARγ gene appeared to have. The beneficial effect of this dietary pattern seems to be higher among type 2 diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet’s Adherence in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Strisciuglio ◽  
Sabrina Cenni ◽  
Maria Rosaria Serra ◽  
Pasquale Dolce ◽  
Massimo Martinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background: Nutritional support is very important in the treatment of Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The role of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been understudied in children with IBD. The aims of this study were to assess the dietary intakes of IBD children in comparison with healthy controls (HCs), their adherence to MD; and the relationship between inflammation and dietary behaviors. Methods: Paediatric IBD patients in clinical remission and HCs were enrolled. The nutritional status and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was evaluated through a 3-day food diary and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents (KIDMED). Results: The analysis of food diaries showed a significantly higher kilocalorie intake in IBD patients compared to HCs (p = 0.012), an increase in carbohydrates (p = 0.015) and in protein intake (p = 0.024). Both IBD and HCs have an intermediate adherence to MD. The comparison between Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients showed significant difference in protein intake in CD patients (p = 0.047), as well as for vitamin D (p = 0.044) and iron intake (p = 0.023). Interestingly; in IBD patients we found a significant association between adherence to MD and a low level of fecal calprotectin (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Children with IBD in remission have a sub-optimal food intake compared to HCs. MD seems to correlate to decreased intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals Clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness of a 1-year nutritional intervention programme in COPD patients with low muscle mass: The randomized controlled NUTRAIN trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn van Beers ◽  
Maureen P.M.H. Rutten-van Mölken ◽  
Coby van de Bool ◽  
Melinde Boland ◽  
Stef P.J. Kremers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Nutritional Intervention Programme

scholarly journals A Remote Nutritional Intervention to Change the Dietary Habits of Patients Undergoing Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/21436 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. e21436
Author(s):  
Leticia Goni ◽  
Víctor de la O ◽  
M Teresa Barrio-López ◽  
Pablo Ramos ◽  
Luis Tercedor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background The Prevention With Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) trial supported the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention conducted by a dietitian to prevent cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of a remote intervention to follow the Mediterranean diet has been less explored. Objective This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a remotely provided Mediterranean diet–based nutritional intervention in obtaining favorable dietary changes in the context of a secondary prevention trial of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods The PREvention of recurrent arrhythmias with Mediterranean diet (PREDIMAR) study is a 2-year multicenter, randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial to assess the effect of the Mediterranean diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the prevention of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation. Participants in sinus rhythm after ablation were randomly assigned to an intervention group (Mediterranean diet enriched with EVOO) or a control group (usual clinical care). The remote nutritional intervention included phone contacts (1 per 3 months) and web-based interventions with provision of dietary recommendations, and participants had access to a web page, a mobile app, and printed resources. The information is divided into 6 areas: Recommended foods, Menus, News and Online resources, Practical tips, Mediterranean diet classroom, and Your personal experience. At baseline and at 1-year and 2-year follow-up, the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) questionnaire and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire were collected by a dietitian by phone. Results A total of 720 subjects were randomized (365 to the intervention group, 355 to the control group). Up to September 2020, 560 subjects completed the first year (560/574, retention rate 95.6%) and 304 completed the second year (304/322, retention rate 94.4%) of the intervention. After 24 months of follow-up, increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet was observed in both groups, but the improvement was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (net between-group difference: 1.8 points in the MEDAS questionnaire (95% CI 1.4-2.2; P<.001). Compared with the control group, the Mediterranean diet intervention group showed a significant increase in the consumption of fruits (P<.001), olive oil (P<.001), whole grain cereals (P=.002), pulses (P<.001), nuts (P<.001), white fish (P<.001), fatty fish (P<.001), and white meat (P=.007), and a significant reduction in refined cereals (P<.001), red and processed meat (P<.001), and sweets (P<.001) at 2 years of intervention. In terms of nutrients, the intervention group significantly increased their intake of omega-3 (P<.001) and fiber (P<.001), and they decreased their intake of carbohydrates (P=.02) and saturated fatty acids (P<.001) compared with the control group. Conclusions The remote nutritional intervention using a website and phone calls seems to be effective in increasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern among AF patients treated with catheter ablation. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03053843; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03053843

scholarly journals Increasing Plant-Based Meat Alternatives and Decreasing Red and Processed Meat in the Diet Differentially Affect the Diet Quality and Nutrient Intakes of Canadians

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2034
Author(s):  
Hassan Vatanparast ◽  
Naorin Islam ◽  
Mojtaba Shafiee ◽  
D. Dan Ramdath
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

Current evidence suggests a link between red and processed meat consumption and the risk of various cancers and other health outcomes. Using national survey data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-Nutrition 2015, we aimed to model a dietary scenario to assess the potential effects of increasing the intake of currently consumed plant-based meat alternatives by 100% and decreasing the consumption of red and processed meat by 50% on the diet quality and nutrient intakes of Canadians (≥1 year). This dietary scenario had no significant impact on dietary energy intake (p > 0.05), but resulted in a significant increase in the dietary intakes of fibre, polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, and dietary folate equivalents (p < 0.05). On the other hand, this dietary scenario was accompanied by a significant decrease in protein (from 77.8 ± 0.6 g to 73.4 ± 0.6 g), cholesterol, zinc, and vitamin B12 intake (p < 0.05). Further, based on Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) scores, the overall nutritional value of the simulated diet was higher than the baseline diet. Our modeling showed that the partial replacement of red and processed meat with plant-based alternatives improves overall diet quality but may adversely affect the intake of some micronutrients, especially zinc and vitamin B12.

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