The Relationship Between Hope, Social Inclusion, and Mental Wellbeing in Supported Employment

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra A. Dunstan ◽  
Amanda K. Falconer ◽  
Ian R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Work Participation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Shared Purpose ◽  
Psychosocial Benefits ◽  
The Relationship

This study explored the relationships between hope, social inclusion, and mental wellbeing in a sample of people in recovery from mental illness. Participants were 70 adults (60% male) with a psychiatric disability (71.4% schizophrenia) who were engaged in supported employment by an Australian Disability Enterprise. Compared to others diagnosed with a mental disorder, the participants in this study had higher levels of hope, social inclusion, and mental wellbeing, and lower levels of psychological distress. Hope and social inclusion predicted mental wellbeing, with social inclusion partially mediating the relationship between the other two constructs. Participants reported experiencing the psychosocial benefits of work (e.g., structured activity and a shared purpose) but were dissatisfied with their wages. The findings support Jahoda's Latent Deprivation theory of social inclusion and the psychosocial benefits of work participation to recovery from mental illness.

scholarly journals Perceived discrimination and psychological distress among immigrants to Canada: The mediating role of bicultural identity orientations

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022199008
Author(s):  
Mustafa Firat ◽  
Kimberly A. Noels
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Bicultural identity orientations have rarely been examined in relation to both perceived discrimination and psychological distress. Furthermore, these constructs have usually been studied in isolation, but their intersection is essential for understanding intercultural relations in multicultural societies. Using cross-sectional data from 1,143 Canadian undergraduate students from immigrant families, this study explored the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress, and how bicultural identity orientations might mediate this relationship. The structural equation modeling results indicated that perceived discrimination was associated with higher levels of psychological distress and hybrid, monocultural, alternating, and conflicted orientations, but lower levels of complementary orientation. Alternating and conflicted orientations were related to higher psychological distress, whereas the other orientations were not. Alternating and conflicted orientations mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress, whereas the other orientations did not. The findings are discussed in light of theories on identity integration, rejection–identification, and acculturation.

scholarly journals When does geography matter most? Age-specific geographical effects in the patterning of, and relationship between, mental wellbeing and mental illness.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J Griffith ◽  
Kelvyn Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Contextual Effects ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Covariate Adjustment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Geographical Context

Mental illness and mental wellbeing are related but distinct constructs. Despite this, geographical enquiry often references the two as interchangeable indicators of mental health and assumes the relationship between the two is consistent across different geographical scales. Furthermore, the importance of geography in such research is commonly assumed to be static for all age groups, despite the large body of evidence demonstrating contextual effects in age-specific populations. We leverage simultaneous measurement of a mental illness and mental wellbeing metric from Understanding Society, a UK population-based survey, and employ bivariate, cross-classified multilevel modelling to characterise the relationship between geographical context and mental health. Results provide strong evidence for contextual effects for both responses before and after covariate adjustment, with weaker evidence for area-classification and PSU-level contextual effects for the GHQ-12 after covariate adjustment. Results support a two-continua model of mental health at the individual level, but indicates that consensual benefit may be achieved across both dimensions by intervening at household and regional levels. There is also some evidence of a greater contextual effects for mental wellbeing than for mental illness. Results highlight the potential of the household as a target for intervention design for consensual benefit across both constructs. Results highlight the increased importance of geographical context for older respondents across both responses. This research supports an area-based approach to improving both mental illness and mental wellbeing in older populations.

scholarly journals Soldati e neuropsichiatria nell'Italia della Grande Guerra

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Romano
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Military Psychiatry ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
War Effort ◽  
The One ◽  
The Great War ◽  
The Relationship

Against the backdrop of a critical reflection on the psychiatric concepts of organicism and predisposition to mental illness, the research investigates the relationship between psychiatry and the Great War from a perspective that considers the complexity of the orientations assumed by both the Italian alienists on war pathologies and the health practices implemented towards soldiers. The study highlights the comparison/clash between two totally different approaches forced to coexist during the conflict: on one side, the one from military psychiatry, and on the other the distinctive one from civil asylums. The two perspectives were not always clearly separated, but it is possible to detect a constant tension between the duties towards the war effort and the professional ethics dictated by the neuropsychiatric discipline.

scholarly journals What is mental wellbeing?

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S236-S236
Author(s):  
David Baldwin ◽  
Julia Sinclair ◽  
Gemma Simons
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Support Research

AimsTo explore the theory of wellbeing and to propose an operational definition for wellbeing in doctors.Hypothesis: An operational definition for wellbeing in doctors is needed in order for it to be measured and interventions to improve it developed.BackgroundThere is no internationally recognised definition for wellbeing and yet wellbeing is an increasingly fashionable topic of research and development, including in doctors. This is because wellbeing can be described using either hedonist, or eudonist philosophy and there is a lack of conceptual clarity about what wellbeing is, and how it works. Research into the measurement of mental wellbeing has been dominated by individualist societies, with the inherent bias towards measuring self-centred components and not the other-orientated components that might be valued more in collectivist societies and by doctors.MethodThe Centre for Workforce Wellbeing (C4WW), a collaboration between the University of Southampton and Health Education England, was created to support research into the nature, assessment and enhancement of wellbeing in physicians. A literature review of the philosophy, definition and measurement of wellbeing was undertaken with a focus on mental wellbeing at work and specifically in doctors.ResultA concept map of the relationship between wellbeing terms has been created and was used to understand and classify where mental wellbeing itself was being defined and measured in studies, as opposed to a component of wellbeing, or determinant of wellbeing. Thematic analysis was used to develop an operational definition of wellbeing for doctors.ConclusionMeasurement of wellbeing and interventions for wellbeing cannot be developed if you cannot clearly define what wellbeing is. An operational definition of mental wellbeing in doctors is ethically required to prevent research waste and to allow us to identify and recreate when doctors thrive, not just survive.Health Education England funded PhD.

The social inclusion of young people with serious mental illness: A narrative review of the literature and suggested future directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Gardner ◽  
Kate Filia ◽  
Eóin Killackey ◽  
Sue Cotton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young People ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Subjective Indicators ◽  
The Social

Background: Social inclusion involves objective participatory (e.g. education/employment) and subjective (e.g. sense of belonging/acceptance) elements across multiple domains. It has been associated with enhanced physical and mental wellbeing yet is a novel construct in the empirical literature (i.e. measures have not been sufficiently developed). Aims: Young people with serious mental illness are reported to be socially excluded. It is unclear whether this is reflected in the social inclusion/exclusion literature. The aim of this narrative review is to determine whether such literature permits a comprehensive (i.e. multi-dimensional, objective and subjective) understanding of social inclusion among young people with serious mental illness. Methods: Searches to identify studies related to the social inclusion and/or exclusion of young people with serious mental illness were conducted on 16 February 2016, 24 August 2016, 16 February 2017, 24 August 2017 and 16 February 2018 in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Open Grey, Web of Science, Google and Google Scholar. Results: There is a paucity of research in the explicit social inclusion literature involving young people either with or without serious mental illness as participants. Literatures exist in related independent areas of research (e.g. employment, social networks), but such studies employ heterogeneous methodologies. Conclusion: Multi-dimensional measures of social inclusion incorporating objective and subjective indicators must be developed for young people with and without serious mental illness. This will enable the generation of normative and clinical data. Existing evidence for the social exclusion of young people with serious mental illness comes from objective indicators in isolated domains (e.g. unemployment). Subjective indicators continue to be under-researched. The above-described measures must be employed to further understanding of the apparent discrepancies between young people with serious mental illness and those without serious mental illness. This will elucidate the relationships between objective and subjective elements of social inclusion and the relationships between these elements and the psychological distress that young people with serious mental illness often experience. This has implications for intervention.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction and Loneliness Among Students of University of Shkodra

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elona Hasmujaj
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
The Relationship

Internet addiction is a kind of consumer behavior that has attracted the attention of many studies. Loneliness is a frequently reported mental illness addicted to the internet. Lonely individuals may be drawn online because of the increased potential for companionship, the changed social interaction patterns online, and as a way to modulate negative moods associated with loneliness. This study examines the relationship between internet addiction and loneliness among albanian students of University of Shkodra and the gender differences to this aspect. The participants to the research were 151 students from 18-23 years old, who live in different places of North Albania. In order to trace the connection between loneliness and Internet addiction among students was used the self-administered questionnaires: Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and UCLA Loneliness Scale. The research has shown that there is a mild negative correlation between loneliness and Internet addiction, on the other hand no gender differences was found in terms of internet addiction and loneliness level. The results suggest that students addicted to the Internet have significantly lower rates of loneliness.

scholarly journals The Horseshoe Theory of Mental Illness and Incarceration

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Alicia Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Illness Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focuses on the relationship between historical mental illness treatment and modern incarceration, reimagining it as a horseshoe, with mental illness on one end and prison on the other. There are three reasons why the two parallel each other, these being: formulated sequestration, chronicity, and histories of failed high-minded reform. The paper then writes about the intersection of the two in a mental health ward in a prison. The last aspect discussed is the gap between the ends of the horseshoe, which is due to the role of volition.

Mental Illness and Psychiatric Treatment Among Women: A Response

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Sex Roles ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Major Consideration

Two of Gove's points are given major consideration. First, his precise definition of mental illness is criticized because it excludes diagnostic groups comprised largely of males (personality disorders and substance abusers). Second, Gove's analysis of the value of traditional versus nontraditional therapy for women is challenged and support is offered for the role of feminist therapy. It is recommended that the relationship between sex roles and emotional problems be examined and that less emphasis be given to demonstrating that one sex has more problems than the other.

scholarly journals Biopsychosocial Distress among Offspring of Mentally Ill Clients

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshy M George ◽  
Reena George
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychosocial Distress ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Parental Figures ◽  
The Relationship

Mental illness causes social isolation of mentally ill clients and their children. The offspring of mentally ill clients experience psychosocial distress due to rejection and discrimination from the public, they experience low self-esteem due to inadequate meeting of their needs by their parental figures when comparing with their contemporary children. Offspring of mentally ill clients experience stress and inadequate coping with their parental mental illness. Families experience social isolation, financial hardship and marital discord. The children in the family were genetically, psychologically and environmentally distressed (Reupert A, Mayberry D, 2010). Children of mentally ill parents face many problems like neglect, exposure to violence and trauma, housing and custodial instability, developmental delays, stigma and isolation (Hoppingwinn A,2012).Ineffective coping of children leads to poor psychosocial development, compromised emotional and mental wellbeing (Aldridge J,2012). It is important to identify the Bio psychosocial distress among offspring of mentally ill clients. The main objectives of the study were to assess the Bio psychosocial distress among offspring of mentally ill clients, find the relationship among Biological, Psychological and Social distress in offspring of mentally ill clients and determine the association between bio psychosocial distress and selected demographic variables of offspring of mentally ill clients.

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