The influence of a barrier on the behaviour and growth of early-weaned piglets

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Waran ◽  
D. M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWhen designing environments for animals, the quality of space as well as the amount of space should be considered. In this study the influence of an opaque barrier on the aggressive behaviour and growth of Large White Χ Landrace piglets that were weaned at 24 days was examined. The behaviour and weight gain of 120 piglets were recorded during a 4-week period following weaning. These piglets were housed in either a conventional flat-deck pen or a straw pen, with or without an opaque barrier. There was no significant difference between the two types of accommodation in the frequency of aggressive interactions that occurred during the weaning period but where a barrier was present the frequency of aggressive interactions was 40% lower during the 1st week after weaning and growth rate was proportionately 0·15 greater. Piglets that were the recipients of most aggressive behaviour used the barrier most frequently during the weaning period and barrier users gained the most weight during the week immediately following weaning.It was concluded that a barrier improved the weaning environment because it offered piglets an escape route during the period when most aggressive interactions occurred. A barrier may be an effective way of improving the welfare of animals housed in confined conditions.

The influence of a barrier on the behaviour and growth of early-weaned piglets

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
N.K. Waran ◽  
D.M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Aggressive Interaction ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Floor Space ◽  
Belly Nosing ◽  
High Level

The Codes of Recommendation for the Welfare of Livestock : Pigs (1991) suggest that the minimum total floor space for pigs growing to 20 kg should be 0.15 m2 per pig. This space allowance should be adequate for sleeping, feeding, dunging and exercise. However, no allowance has been made for the space the pig needs to signal submission during an aggressive interaction, and it may be that this is one of the reasons why weaning is associated with such a high level of aggression and a reduction in growth rate. The objective of this experiment was to try to reduce aggression and belly-nosing and to improve weight gain by building a hide area (using a barrier) into conventional weaner pens. The steel-framed barriers that were used took up very little space in the pens. Three trials involving 120 Large White X Landrace piglets were carried out. In each trial, piglets were weaned at 24 days and were assigned at random to one of four treatments; straw pen with a barrier, straw pen with no barrier, flatdeck cage with a barrier, flatdeck cage with no barrier, each group contained ten piglets.

A note on the effect of Probioticum feed additive on the live-weight gain, feed conversion and carcass quality of bacon pigs

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Burnett ◽  
E. L. Neil
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin

SUMMARY1. Two experiments were conducted, one with pigs fed individually on a restricted scale of feeding, and one with pigs fed ad libitum in groups, to test Probioticum as a feed additive with and without nitrovin and zinc bacitracin.2. Growth rate, feed conversion, killing-out percentage and carcass quality were measured.3. No significant difference was shown in any of the characteristics measured between diets containing any of the additives, singly or in combination.

scholarly journals Utilization of fish waste as fish meal substitute in formulated fish diet on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fish fry (Oreochromis niloticus)

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Anizah M.R. ◽  
S.R. Manaf ◽  
Hilaliyah M.J.N.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Significant Difference

Fish meal is generally expended as the foremost protein supply in the fish diet. The rising cost of this component inflicted the aquaculture industry to seek a substitute in lessening the pellet cost. Thus, fish waste was tested in this study to investigate its viability. An experiment was performed to study the effects of fish waste and carcass on the growth performance of Nile tilapia fry. Solid fish waste of three different common species available in Mukah’s wet market was formulated into an artificial diet. The diet was formulated into three treatments consist of three protein levels (40%, 45% and 50%) with 4000 kcal/kg energy. A controlled group was fed with a commercial pellet consisting of 45% protein level. Fish were fed at 4% of body weight twice daily for 45 days. Fry reared in a controlled group was discovered highest weight gain, specific growth rate and length gain. There was no significant difference in all treatments for all parameters measured. The lowest weight gain and specific growth rate were recorded in fish fed 45% protein level (T2) group. Fish in T3 (50%) achieved the highest survival rate while T1 (40%) group recorded the lowest. The best and lowest Feed Conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the control group. In conclusion, the performance of formulated feed using fish waste is similar to commercial pellet as no significant difference can be observed in all parameters measured.

scholarly journals Nutritional quality of massai grass fertilized with phosphorus and nitrogen and its influence on intake and weight gain of sheep under rotational grazing on quartzipsamment soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Thais Valéria Souza Silva ◽  
Luciano Fernandes Sousa ◽  
Antônio Clementino dos Santos ◽  
Ana Cristina Holanda Ferreira ◽  
Rebeca Rocha Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Significant Difference

The effects of phosphate and nitrogen fertilization on aspects of forage composition and ruminal fermentation were separately evaluated pre- and post-grazing, in addition to the dry matter intake and weight gain of sheep grazing Panicum maximum cv. Massai under a rotational system on Quartzipsamment soil. The aim was to evaluate the effect of fertilization with different levels of phosphorous (50 and 200 kg P2O5/ha) and nitrogen (100 and 400 kg N/ha) compared to unfertilized control soil. The experiment was conducted at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science at Universidade Federal do Tocantins – UFT, in a randomized complete block design with four replicates in a factorial 2 × 2 design. The study area consisted of 32 paddocks (301 m²), each of which had previously been sown with Panicum maximum cv. Massai. The experimental area was managed under intermittent stocking with a variable stocking rate. Twenty-eight crossbreed sheep were used for grazing management. Evaluations were made before and after grazing, including forage evaluation and measurement of ruminal degradability and intake (using titanium dioxide as the external marker). Regarding the forage composition, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the control and fertilizer treatments for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, crude protein, lignin and phosphorous content. Fertilization was found to alter the nutritional quality of Panicum maximum cv. Massai grass. Among the nutritional aspects evaluated, fertilization influenced NDF, grass digestibility and dry matter intake. The forage composition of Massai grass is improved by fertilization with nitrogen at 100 kg N/ha and phosphate up to 50 kg P2O5/ha, which represents a relevant management practice for increasing quantity and quality.

The effects of two methods of increasing age at slaughter on carcass and muscle traits and meat sensory quality in pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lebret ◽  
H. Juin ◽  
J. Noblet ◽  
M. Bonneau
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Large White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 30-day increase in age of pigs slaughtered at 110 kg body weight (BW) on carcass and m. longissimus dorsi (LD) and m. biceps femoris (BF) traits, and meat sensory quality. A total of 60 pigs from two genotypes: synthetic line ✕ (Large White ✕ Landrace) (SL) and Duroc ✕ (Large White ✕ Landrace) (D) were used, each genotype containing five groups of six littermates (three castrated males and three females). At the average BW of 30 kg, littermates of the same sex were allocated to three groups. Pigs of group AL were offered ad libitum a standard growing-finishing diet (13·6 MJ/kg digestible energy, 9·5 g/kg of lysine) from 30 up to 110 kg BW. The R1 pigs received the same diet at 0·75 of the ad libitum intake of their AL littermates. The R2 pigs were submitted to both energy and protein restrictions in order to get the same growth rate as the R1 pigs and the same body composition as the AL pigs. Results were similar in both genotypes. In agreement with the protocol, age at slaughter was increased by 30 days in R1 and R2, and AL and R2 pigs had comparable carcass composition. Compared with AL, average daily gain was decreased in R1 and R2 pigs, and food efficiency was decreased in R2, but remained unaffected in R1 pigs. Intramuscular fat (IMF) concentration was decreased in the R1 pigs, especially in BF (15·5 v. 19·7 mg/g), while it was increased in the LD of the R2 pigs, particularly in the D animals (24·2 v. 17·4 mg/g), compared with AL pigs. Meat quality parameters (rate and extent of pH fall, reflectance and drip loss) were similar in the three feeding regimens. The taste panel did not find any significant difference between feeding regimens for tenderness, juiciness, flavour, flour sensation after mastication and mouth coating of the meat, despite the differences reported in IMF concentration. This suggests that, for the genotypes used in this experiment, an increase of 30 days in the age at slaughter greatly influences the carcass and/or the muscle chemical composition, depending on the feeding strategy applied to reduce the growth rate but does not strongly modify the meat eating quality.

scholarly journals USING BOARS OF CANADIAN BREEDING TO IMPROVE THE MEAT QUALITIES OF LARGE WHITE PIGS

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
V. A. Bekenеv ◽  
V. I. Frolova ◽  
V. S. Deeva ◽  
I. V. Bolshakova ◽  
Yu. V. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Large White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meat Productivity

Three experiments were carried out to improve the meat productivity of pigs of Large White (LW) breed of russian selection by different variants of crossing with the Yorkshire (Y) breed of canadian selection. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of reproductive qualities. Two-breed pigs (LW x Y) grew more intensively and the live weight of the piglet at the 30 days was 8,7 kg, which is higher than in the other groups with a significant difference (P <0,05). When the live weight of 100 kg was reached, the вackfat thickness of the fat over 6-7 thoracic vertebrae was 26,3 mm compared to 30,7 mm in purebred pigs of the LW of the breed (P <0,001), the area of the muscular eye was respectively 45,1 cm 2 and 30,6 cm 2 (P <0,001). In the fourth generation of reproductive and absorbent crossing of pigs of LW and Y of breeds, the thickness of the fat on the carcasses of pigs was 21,2 mm (Р < 0.001), which is 30-39 % less than for the LW carcasses, the area of the muscular eye was 44 mm. In three-breed hybrids (LW x D) x L, the age of reaching 100kg was less by 12,5 days (P <0,01), the thickness of the fat was 23,6 mm, that is, it was 11,4 mm less (P < 0,001) in comparison with the control group. The replacement pigs obtained from the absorbent crossing (LW x Y) x Y showed the best results for the вackfat thickness - 19,2 mm, but they were inferior to the purebred Y (13,0 mm) (P <0,001). In the sows of this combination, 11,6 piglets were born alive, the number of piglets at weaning was 10,6, the weight of the nest in the 30-day was 78,7 kg. Differences in the frequency of occurrence of certain antigenic factors of blood in animals of different combinations of breeds are revealed. In animals that have the EAE allele edf, a higher growth rate is revealed, but thicker the backfat.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Laserpunktur dan Penambahan Probiotik dalam Laju Pertumbuhan Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) Jantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Febriyono Anggela Prakoso ◽  
Raden Tatang Santanu Adikara ◽  
Kusnoto Kusnoto ◽  
Sri Hidanah ◽  
Yeni Dhamayanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gain Rate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bali Cattle

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of laserpuncture shoot towards the growth rate of male Bali cattle. This reasearch was done in July until August 2018 in Cendono Village, Pasuruan. This research uses 18 samples with completely randomized design as a research methods. This research used 18 male Bali cattle aged 2 – 2.5 year. This research divided by 3 groups are the control group (P0, which is without laserpuncture shooting) and two treatment groups (P1, which is laserpuncture shooting with 0.5 joule of doses and P2, which is laserpuncture shooting with 0.5 joule of doses and bioplus probiotic). Laserpuncture shooting already done for 6 weeks with 6 days of interval. The result is weight of cuttle is increasing and it is known from digital weight scales. The data is analyzed by using ANOVA test and followed by Duncan. The result is laserpuncture shooting at the growth point can be increasing the weight of male Bali cattle. Stastical comparison amon P0, P1 and P2 showed there were significant difference on growth rate (p<0.05). The result showed that induction of laserpuncture and bioplus probiotic has effect for growth gain rate of male Bali cattle. The optimal rate of weight gain occured in the second week with laserpuncture induction at dose of 0.5 joule and the six week with laserpuncture induction at dose of 0.5 joule and bioplus probiotic.

PP44 Effectiveness Of Insulin Glargine Versus Detemir In Type 1 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
Thales Silva ◽  
Paulo Henrique Ribeiro Fernandes Almeida ◽  
Vânia Araújo ◽  
Augusto Guerra ◽  
Francisco Acurcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction:The use of long-acting insulin analogues have been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who exhibit important oscillations of their daily blood glucose, although the therapeutic benefits are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the insulin analogue glargine compared detemir to support health decision-making.Methods:We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies (cohort and registry), available in the MEDLINE (Pubmed), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases (accessed August 2017), including research in the electronic journal Diabetes Care and gray literature. Several combinations of terms were used, including disease terms, interventions and type of study. The results evaluated were: glycated hemoglobin; weight gain; occurrence of severe hypoglycemia; total insulin dose; and, fasting capillary glycemia. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle scale. The meta-analyses were performed in Review Manager® 5.2 software using a random effects model. Protocol number CRD42017054925 (International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews).Results:A total of 705 publications, eight cohort studies were included. The quality of included studies was classified as high. In the meta-analysis, the results for episodes of severe hypoglycemia (p = 0.002), measurements of fasting capillary glycemia (p = 0.01), and weight gain (p = 0.001) were favorable for detemir. The glycated hemoglobin endpoint (p = 0.49, heterogeneity = 89 percent) revealed high heterogeneity and no statistically significant difference between groups, showing no difference between the interventions for glycemic control.Conclusions:Although some results are favorable to detemir, it was not possible to identify significant differences in effectiveness and safety between the two analogues evaluated, requiring new long term studies and better quality of methodological studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Probiotics on production and egg quality of dual purpose chicken at Kathmundu in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
D Neupane ◽  
DB Nepali ◽  
N Devkota ◽  
MP Sharma ◽  
IP Kadaria
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

A total of 448, Sakini (224) and Giriraja (224) breed of chickens were used to investigate the feed intake & weight gain from 0-150 days and egg production and egg quality from 150 – 240 days of age in Khumaltar Lalitpur Nepal. The four different levels of probiotics viz. 0,5, 10 and 15 ml of Probiotic (Poultry biosa)/kg of feed were used with randomized factor design 2*4*8(RBD) with 8 treatments and 8 replications. The data was recorded daily on feed intake and egg production and in every 15 days interval for weight gain. Results showed that the addition of probiotic to the feed significantly improved feed intake, weight gain , egg production and egg quality on sakini and giriraja breeds of chickens(P<0.05). Additionally, data on egg production and egg quality showed increased production in treatment group than control group (P<0.05).The general trend revealed increasing level of egg production from five to eight months with significant difference (P<0.05). Nutrient analysis of eggs by proximate analysis in terms of CP, CF, fat and energy showed significant difference (P<0.05). Thus to conclude, there is positive effect of probiotics for production and productivity in terms of feed conversion ratio, weight gain, egg production & egg quality in Sakini and Giriraja breed of Chicken. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (1): 29-35

scholarly journals Enhancement of chicken primordial germ cell in vitro maintenance using an automated cell image analyser

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahek Anand ◽  
Bence Lázár ◽  
Roland Tóth ◽  
Emőke Páll ◽  
Eszter Patakiné Várkonyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Primordial Germ Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
In Vitro Maintenance

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) were isolated from blood samples of chicken embryos. We established four PGC lines: two males (FS-ZZ-101, GFP-ZZ-4ZP) and two females (FS-ZW-111, GFP-ZW-5ZP). We could not detect a significant difference in the marker expression profile, but there was a remarkable difference between the proliferation rates of these PGC lines. We monitored the number of PGCs throughout a three-day period using a high-content screening cell imaging and analysing system (HCS). We compared three different initial cell concentrations in the wells: ~1000 cells (1×, ~4000 (4× and ~8000 (8×. For the GFPZW- 5ZP, FS-ZZ-101 and FS-ZW-111 PGC lines the lowest doubling time was observed at 4× concentration, while for GFP-ZZ-4ZP we found the lowest doubling time at 1× concentration. At 8× initial concentration, the growth rate was high during the first two days for all cell lines, but this was followed by the appearance of cell aggregates decreasing the cell growth rate. We could conclude that the difference in proliferation rate could mainly be attributed to genotypic variation in the established PGC lines, but external factors such as cell concentration and quality of the culture medium also affect the growth rate of PGCs.

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