Induction of parturition in cattle

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Prakash ◽  
M. L. Madan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Foetal Membranes ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTTen crossbred (Karan Swiss) cows were induced to calve about 1 month prior to expected term using either 25 mg dexamethasone alone (Group B) or 25 mg dexamethasone in combination with 25 mg vetoestrol (Group C). Another five animals served as controls (Group A). The average time interval from injection to calving was not significantly influenced by the two treatments used, and was 52·2 ± 4·07 h and 49·0 ± 1·55 h for groups B and C respectively. The mean gestation lengths for animals in groups A, B and C were 283·60 ± 2·77, 255·20 ± 1·93 and 255·20 ± 2·3 days respectively. The calves born from cows induced to calve early were significantly lighter at birth compared to controls (P < 0·05). The average live-weight gain over the first 12 weeks among calves was not significantly influenced by treatment averaging 2·58 ± 0·07, 2·81 ± 0·16 and 2·20 ± 0·16 kg/week for groups A, B and C respectively. Foetal membranes had not been voided by 24 h in the animals induced to calve early and hence required manual intervention. The length of the service period, number of services per conception and the milk yield of the cows induced to calve was not significantly different from their previous records (P > 0·05).

The effect of concentrate composition and method of silage feeding on intake and performance of lactating dairy cows

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
J. D. Sutton ◽  
R. F. Weller ◽  
J. A. Bines
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

SummaryNinety-nine lactating British Friesian cows, in their second and subsequent lactations, were divided into two groups receiving ad libitum grass silage. The cows in group A were offered silage individually through Calan Broadbent gates while those in group B were given 24 h/day access to a self-feed silage clamp. The crude protein (CP), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), in vitro digestible organic matter and estimated metabolizable energy (ME) values in the D.M. of the silage were 140, 373, 584, 610g/kg D.M. and 9·7 MJ/kg D.M. respectively. The cows in each group received either 11kg/day fresh weight of concentrate S in which the principal energy source was cereal starch or 9 kg/day fresh weight of concentrate F containing mixed high quality fibre sources plus 2 kg/day fresh weight of concentrate S. The CP, ADF, NDF, starch and sugar concentrations in concentrates S and F were 203, 71, 204, 444, and 44 and 202, 147, 329, 116 and 149g/kg D.M., respectively.The only significant difference produced by method of silage allocation was that groupfed cows gained more live weight (P < 0·01) than those fed individually.Over the whole experimental period the mean silage D.M. intake of cows fed concentrate F in group A was 0–5 kg/day higher than those fed concentrate S. However, in early lactation the benefit to silage intake in favour of concentrate F was 1 kg D.M./day.In group A estimated intakes derived from calculated ME inputs and outputs were markedly lower than the observed intakes, but were similar to correspondingly derived estimates for group B.Although concentrate type did not affect milk yield, concentrate F was associated with a higher fat concentration and yield (P &lt;0–05) but a lower protein concentration (P &lt; 0·001) and a slightly lower yield.The in vivo digestibility coefficients for D.M. and organic matter determined in lactating dairy cows given concentrates S and F respectively were similar (0·724 v. 0·716 and 0·749 v. 0·742) but that for ADF was significantly (P < 0·001) higher (0·565 v. 0·673) in the ration containing concentrate F than in that containing concentrate S.Estimates of the mean efficiency of utilization of the production ME made on a weekly basis were unaffected by concentrate type.

scholarly journals Effects of Probiotics Supplementation on Growth Performance and Certain Haemato-biochemical Parameters in Broiler Chickens

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW Islam ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
SML Kabir ◽  
SM Kamruzzaman ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Key Words Probiotics

The study was carried out to know the effects of probiotics (Protexin® Boost) supplementation on growth performances and haemato-biochemical parameters of "Shaver Star Bro" broiler chickens during the period from September to October 2003. A total of 20, day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned into four equal groups (n = 5) as A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control fed with commercial ration while group B, C and D were fed with commercial ration with the addition of 1 g, 2 g and 3 g probiotics / 10 litres drinking water respectively up to 35 days of age. The results showed that the body weight gains corresponding to the different treatments were differed significantly (p < 0.01) at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks of age. The meat yield characteristics corresponding to the different treatments did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) whereas bursa weight differed significantly (p < 0.05) among the different groups. The mean values of Hb, PCV and ESR corresponding to the different treatments were significantly (p < 0.01) differ. Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, SGPT and SGOT values corresponding to the different treatments were also differed significantly (p < 0.01). The findings suggest that supplementation of probiotics has significant effects on live weight gain and haemato-biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Key words: Probiotics; effects; growth; haemato-biochemical parameters; broiler chickens doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i1.1933 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (1) : 39-43

Abstract TP234: "Last Known Normal" Accuracy Among Initial Responders: An Update

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Bautista ◽  
Christian Saavedra-Chavez ◽  
Chia-Chun Chiang ◽  
Julian Duda ◽  
Dawn Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Interval ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Significant Discrepancy ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Group B ◽  
Current Guidelines

Background: Because acute treatment in stroke is time-based for inclusion, efficacy and safety, obtaining an accurate Last Known Normal (LKN) is of critical importance in stroke codes. We sought to assess with a larger sample if the assessment of 1st documented LKN times has improved since our prior 2013 data. Methods: Data was obtained from an IRB approved stroke registry in a single center from July 2013 to December 2018, for LKN time documented by a neurologist (“LKN2”). Chart review was done to document 1st reported LKN time as documented by EMS (or ED if no runsheets available) (“LKN1”). Inpatient stroke codes and hospital transfers were excluded. Differences in LKN1 and LKN2 were computed and stratified into Groups A (LKN1 is earlier in time than LKN2), B (LKN1 is the same as LKN2), and C (LKN1 is later in time than LKN2). Baseline characteristics, thrombolysis rates, stroke code time interval metrics, 90-day disability and death, discharge disposition, and symptomatic ICH rates, were compared between groups. Results: Of 990 stroke codes, 397 or 40.1% had agreeable LKN1 and LKN2 times (Group B) (increased from a historic 26.4%;p=<.001), while 593 or 59.9% had a discrepancy in LKN1 and LKN2 times. Of 593, 177 (29.8%) had an LKN1 earlier than LKN2 (Group A), 416 (70.2%) had LKN1 later than LKN2 (Group C). The mean age in Groups A, B, and C were 63.5, 63.4, and 66.1, respectively (p=0.04). Discharge disposition to home/self-care was seen more in Group C (n=284, 69.4%;A n=117, 63.2%;B n=255, 66.2%;p=0.03). There were no other differences in baseline characteristics, r-tPA rates, 90-day disability and death, or sICH rates. Among Group C patients who were excluded from IV-tPA based on time, 55.6% would have been treated outside of stroke guidelines had LKN1 been used (55.6% vs. prior report of 69.7%;p=0.2). Conclusion: Though initial LKN times obtained by EMS and ED responders have improved over time, there remains a significant discrepancy with 60% incorrect initial reports. Caution should be used when considering rt-PA treatments based on these LKN1 reports as 56% of cases could have been treated outside of current guidelines and evidence. This study highlights the need for continuous training in obtaining accurate LKN times and caution about using initial estimates of time.

scholarly journals Sulphur as a nutrient for Merino sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Langlands ◽  
H. A. M. Sutherland ◽  
M. J. Playne
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Foetal Membranes ◽  
Weighted Regression Analysis ◽  
The Mean

1. Estimates of sulphur retention by Merino sheep during growth, pregnancy and wool production, and of S excretion during lactation were obtained to derive estimates of the S requirements of Merino sheep.2. The S content of fifty Merino sheep was related by weighted regression analysis to age, live weight and (age × live weight). The quantity of S stored was calculated for varying rates of live-weight gain in sheep differing in age and live weight.3. The S contents of twenty-five samples of foetus, foetal membranes and uteruses were determined. Relationships between S content and days from mating were calculated, and differentiated to give daily net changes in S content during pregnancy.4. Milk production of twenty-seven Merino ewes was estimated on eight to ten occasions at approximately weekly intervals to the 84th day of lactation. The average S content was 472 mg/l; it increased on average by 1·0 mg/l per d of lactation. The mean S content of ninety-seven samples of wool averaged 34 g S/kg clean dry wool.5. It was concluded that wool represented the major demand for S by the Merino since approximately 70 g S were secreted in producing 2 kg clean wool, 50 g S in a lactation yielding 100 l milk and 8 g S in giving birth to a single lamb.

scholarly journals Effect of feed supplementation on reproduction, lactation and growth performance of Black Bengal goats grazed on native pasture

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
NG Saha ◽  
MR Alam ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Effect of feed supplementation to does grazed on naturally grown grasses during pre-partum on growth, reproduction and lactation performances of does and growth of the kids were investigated. Fifteen two-toothed and non-pregnant does of about one and half year of age constituted the experimental animals which were randomly allocated in the three groups of 5 and offered A) grazing ad libitum + l00g Mashkalai + 100g Wheat bran, B) grazing ad libitum + 50g Mashkalai + 50g Wheat bran and C) grazing ad libitum. The dry matter intake (DMI) between supplemented groups of A and B were almost similar (90 and 89g/kg w0.75/d respectively) and 12% higher than the control group C (80g/ kg w0.75/d). This DMI represent 4.6, 4.5 and 4.1% of live weight for group A, B and C, respectively. Does in treated group A consumed 30 and 62% more CP than group B and control group C, respectively. Similarly, group B consumed about 25% more CP than group C. There was no effect of grazing and supplementation before the pre-partum period on milk yield between treated group (A and B) and control group C (Av. 157 ml and 156 ml/d, respectively), rearing rate and growth of the suckling kids. Present study suggests that provision of grazing and supplementary feeding increases nutrients intake of does but appear to have no influence on milk yield. Higher prolificacy of Black Bengal goat may not bring any benefit unless milk production is increased.http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v41i1.11975

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF IVERMECTIN (POUR ON FORMULATION) AGAINST ECTOPARASITES IN SHEEP

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hanif ◽  
M Mostofa ◽  
ME Choudhury ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Animal House ◽  
Control Group Group

The research has been carried out from February to March 2005 on 20 sheep (infested and non infested with ectoparasites) of both sexes aged upto 3 to 4 years at the animal house of Veterinary Clinic, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the efficacy of ivermectin pour on (Ivermec® Pour on, Ethical Drugs Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh) against ectoparasites and its effect on certain haematological (Hb, TEC and PCV) parameters and body weight gain. Fifteen sheep heavily infested with different ectoparasites were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (groups B, C and D) consisting of 5 sheep in each. Another 5 sheep free from any ectoparasitic infestation were kept as uninfested control group (group A). Topical ivermectin preparation was administered at the dose rate of 400 ?g/kg body weight (pour on) and 500 ?g/kg body weight (pour on) in groups C and D respectively whereas sheep of group B was kept as infested control. The therapeutic efficacy of ivermectin was 100% against ectoparasites (lice and tick) after 7 days of treatment. The mean body weight of the sheep of treated groups (C and D) were increased after treatment with ivermectin, on day 28 post treatment. Similarly, total erythrocyte count (TEC) and hemoglobin (Hb) content was increased significantly. However, PCV was also influenced appreciably. From this experiment, it may be suggested that ivermectin is a very much suitable broad spectrum anthelmintic for sheep and its pour on formulation may be used effectively and conveniently to treat ectoparasitic infestations.

scholarly journals Second trimester termination of pregnancy with misoprostol alone and misoprostol with isosorbide mononitrate: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Pinkee Saxena ◽  
Neha Jaiswal ◽  
Shashi Lata Kabra ◽  
Vijay K. Kadam ◽  
Vidushi Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Isosorbide Mononitrate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Repeat Dose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Prospective Study

Background: Aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of misoprostol   alone and misoprostol with isosorbide mononitrate in reducing the induction abortion time interval in second trimester termination of pregnancy.Methods: A randomized control prospective study was conducted. Patients seeking second trimester abortions were randomized in to two groups. Group A received 400 ugm of misoprostol per vaginum every 4 hours up to maximum of 5 doses. Group B patients received 400 ugm of misoprostol and 40mg of isosorbide nitrate intravaginally. Repeat dose of 400 ugm misoprostol and 20 mg of isosorbide mononitrate was given every 4 hours up to a maximum of 5 doses. The induction to abortion interval and side effects of the drugs used were noted.Results: A total 71 women seeking second trimester termination between 12 to 20 weeks gestation were recruited for the study. In group A, there were 36 patients and in group B there were 35 patients. In group A the mean induction abortion interval was 14.8±4.16 hours while in group B the mean induction-abortion interval was 12.45±3.9 hours. Patients treated with isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol combination had statistically significantly lower induction abortion time interval when compared with misoprostol alone (p value 0.018).Conclusions: The study demonstrates that the combination of isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol is more effective for termination of second trimester pregnancy than misoprostol alone. 

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

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