Erythrocyte phospholipid molecular species and fatty acids of Down syndrome children compared with non-affected siblings

The majority of children with Down syndrome (DS) develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) at an early age. Although long-chainn-3 fatty acids (FA) are protective of neurodegeneration, little is known about the FA status in DS. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether children with DS presented altered plasma and erythrocyte membrane phospholipids (PL) FA composition, when compared with their non-affected siblings. Venous blood samples were analysed for plasma and erythrocyte membrane FA composition by TLC followed by GC techniques. Lipid molecular species were determined by electrospray ionisation/tandem MS (ESI-MS/MS). FA analysis measured by standard GC showed an increased concentration of MUFA and a decreased concentration of plasmalogens in major PL fractions, but there were no differences in the concentrations of arachidonic acid or DHA. However, as identified by ESI-MS/MS, children with DS had increased levels of the following erythrocyte PL molecular species: 16 : 0–16 : 0, 16 : 0–18 : 1 and 16 : 0–18 : 2n-6, with reduced levels of 16 : 0–20 : 4n-6 species. Children with DS presented significantly higher levels of MUFA in both plasma and erythrocyte membrane, as well as higher levels of saturated and monounsaturated molecular species. Of interest was the almost double proportion of 16 : 0–18 : 2n-6 and nearly half the proportion of 16 : 0–20 : 4n-6 of choline phosphoacylglycerol species in children with DS compared with their non-affected siblings. These significant differences were only revealed by ESI-MS/MS and were not observed in the GC analysis. Further investigations are needed to explore molecular mechanisms and to test the association between the pathophysiology of DS and the risk of AD.

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The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of n-3 PUFAs: Their Role in Cardiovascular Protection

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8090306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 306 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francesca Oppedisano ◽

Roberta Macrì ◽

Micaela Gliozzi ◽

Vincenzo Musolino ◽

Cristina Carresi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Vascular Reactivity ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Cardiac Cells ◽

Membrane Phospholipids ◽

Mitochondrial Functions ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with 18, 20 or 22 carbon atoms, which have been found able to counteract cardiovascular diseases. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in particular, have been found to produce both vaso- and cardio-protective response via modulation of membrane phospholipids thereby improving cardiac mitochondrial functions and energy production. However, antioxidant properties of n-3 PUFAs, along with their anti-inflammatory effect in both blood vessels and cardiac cells, seem to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular impairment. In fact, dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs has been demonstrated to reduce oxidative stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial cell apoptosis, an effect occurring via an increased activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, n-3 PUFAs have been shown to counteract the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both vascular tissues and in the myocardium, thereby restoring vascular reactivity and myocardial performance. Here we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of n-3 PUFAs in vascular and cardiac tissues and their implication in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

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Identification and relative composition of minor fatty acids of mouse erythrocyte membrane phospholipids

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst0130151 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 151-152

Author(s):

DAVID R. WING ◽

DAVID J. HARVEY

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Membrane Phospholipids ◽

Relative Composition ◽

Mouse Erythrocyte

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The effects of dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on erythrocyte membrane phospholipids, erythrocyte deformability and blood viscosity in healthy volunteers

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/0021-9150(85)90106-6 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 267-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 158

Author(s):

I.J. Cartwright ◽

A.G. Pockley ◽

J.H. Galloway ◽

M. Greaves ◽

F.E. Preston

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Blood Viscosity ◽

Erythrocyte Deformability ◽

Membrane Phospholipids

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Total Fatty Acids Content of Erythrocyte Membrane Phospholipids in Healthy Children from Birth to 6 Years Old

International Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health ◽

10.12974/2311-8687.2015.03.01.4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30

Author(s):

José Silencio-Barrita ◽

◽

Francisco Leyva ◽

Talia Mondragón-Velásquez ◽

Sara Montaño-Benavides ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Membrane Phospholipids ◽

Total Fatty Acids

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Quantitative Analysis of Cold Stress Inducing Lipidomic Changes in Shewanella putrefaciens Using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24244609 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (24) ◽

pp. 4609 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xin Gao ◽

Wenru Liu ◽

Jun Mei ◽

Jing Xie

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Molecular Species ◽

Lipid Membranes ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Shewanella Putrefaciens ◽

Membrane Lipid ◽

Cold Adapted ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Lipid Molecular Species ◽

Membrane Lipid Bilayer

Shewanella putrefaciens is a well-known specific spoilage organism (SSO) and cold-tolerant microorganism in refrigerated fresh marine fish. Cold-adapted mechanism includes increased fluidity of lipid membranes by the ability to finely adjust lipids composition. In the present study, the lipid profile of S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C was explored using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) to discuss the effect of lipid composition on cold-adapted tolerance. Lipidomic analysis detected a total of 27 lipid classes and 606 lipid molecular species in S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C. S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30 °C (SP-30) had significantly higher content of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, saccharolipids, and fatty acids compared with that at 0 °C (SP-0); however, the lower content of phospholipids (13.97%) was also found in SP-30. PE (30:0), PE (15:0/15:0), PE (31:0), PA (33:1), PE (32:1), PE (33:1), PE (25:0), PC (22:0), PE (29:0), PE (34:1), dMePE (15:0/16:1), PE (31:1), dMePE (15:1/15:0), PG (34:2), and PC (11:0/11:0) were identified as the most abundant lipid molecular species in S. putrefaciens cultivated at 30, 20, 10, 4, and 0 °C. The increase of PG content contributes to the construction of membrane lipid bilayer and successfully maintains membrane integrity under cold stress. S. putrefaciens cultivated at low temperature significantly increased the total unsaturated liquid contents but decreased the content of saturated liquid contents.

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Change in the fatty acid pattern of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids after oral supplementation of specific fatty acids in patients with gastrointestinal diseases

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/ejcn.2009.151 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 410-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

R Siener ◽

B Alteheld ◽

B Terjung ◽

B Junghans ◽

N Bitterlich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Erythrocyte Membrane ◽

Fatty Acid Pattern ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Membrane Phospholipids ◽

Oral Supplementation

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Whey Isolation from Rejected Human Milk and Its Lipid Content Characterization by GC-FID and ESI-MS

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society ◽

10.21577/0103-5053.20210092 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Eloize Alves ◽

Matheus Castro ◽

Bruno Saqueti ◽

Luciana Manin ◽

Roberta da Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Human Milk ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Fa Composition

The present work intends to obtain and characterize a milk by-product: the human whey (HW), in order to avoid the excessive disposal of human milk (HM). The characterization was performed through analyzes of the chemical composition and fatty acids (FAs) and the triacylglycerol (TAG) lipid profile. The results indicated that the chemical composition altered significantly after the HW obtained, except for the percentage of ash and carbohydrates. About the FA composition, it was observed that strictly essential FA, essential FA and other FAs found in HM remained present in HW. For the nutritional lipids quality, the atherogenicity and the thrombogenicity indices presented desirable values, and the TAGs lipid profile revealed a variation in the analyzed samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that the characterized HW has potential for application in isolated form or to be used as an ingredient in other foods.

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