scholarly journals Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 1244-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin G. Brown ◽  
Erica C. Borresen ◽  
Regina J. Brown ◽  
Elizabeth P. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractRice bran (RB) consumption has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in mice and modify the human stool microbiome. Changes in host and microbial metabolism induced by RB consumption was hypothesised to modulate the stool metabolite profile in favour of promoting gut health and inhibiting CRC growth. The objective was to integrate gut microbial metabolite profiles and identify metabolic pathway networks for CRC chemoprevention using non-targeted metabolomics. In all, nineteen CRC survivors participated in a parallel randomised controlled dietary intervention trial that included daily consumption of study-provided foods with heat-stabilised RB (30 g/d) or no additional ingredient (control). Stool samples were collected at baseline and 4 weeks and analysed using GC-MS and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS. Stool metabolomics revealed 93 significantly different metabolites in individuals consuming RB. A 264-fold increase inβ-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine and 18-fold increase inβ-hydroxyisovalerate exemplified changes in leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism in the RB group. A total of thirty-nine stool metabolites were significantly different between RB and control groups, including increased hesperidin (28-fold) and narirutin (14-fold). Metabolic pathways impacted in the RB group over time included advanced glycation end products, steroids and bile acids. Fatty acid, leucine/valine and vitamin B6metabolic pathways were increased in RB compared with control. There were 453 metabolites identified in the RB food metabolome, thirty-nine of which were identified in stool from RB consumers. RB consumption favourably modulated the stool metabolome of CRC survivors and these findings suggest the need for continued dietary CRC chemoprevention efforts.

scholarly journals Effects of a Rice Bran Dietary Intervention on the Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota of Adults with a High Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Randomised-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Winnie K. W. So ◽  
Judy Y. W. Chan ◽  
Bernard M. H. Law ◽  
Kai Chow Choi ◽  
Jessica Y. L. Ching ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Health Promoting

Rice bran exhibits chemopreventive properties that may help to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC), and a short-term rice bran dietary intervention may promote intestinal health via modification of the intestinal microbiota. We conducted a pilot, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial to assess the feasibility of implementing a long-term (24-week) rice bran dietary intervention in Chinese subjects with a high risk of CRC, and to examine its effects on the composition of their intestinal microbiota. Forty subjects were randomised into the intervention group (n = 19) or the control group (n = 20). The intervention participants consumed 30 g of rice bran over 24-h intervals for 24 weeks, whilst the control participants consumed 30 g of rice powder on the same schedule. High rates of retention (97.5%) and compliance (≥91.3%) were observed. No adverse effects were reported. The intervention significantly enhanced the intestinal abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, and tended to increase the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the intestinal abundance of Prevotella_9 and the health-promoting Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteria, but had no effect on bacterial diversity. Overall, a 24-week rice bran dietary intervention was feasible, and may increase intestinal health by inducing health-promoting modification of the intestinal microbiota. Further larger-scale studies involving a longer intervention duration and multiple follow-up outcome assessments are recommended.

scholarly journals The effect of ‘Zesy002’ kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensisvar.chinensis) on gut health function: a randomised cross-over clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Eady ◽  
Alison J. Wallace ◽  
Christine A. Butts ◽  
Duncan Hedderley ◽  
Lynley Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractFunctional gastrointestinal disorders including constipation affect up to 14 % of the world's population. Treatment is difficult and challenging resulting in a need for alternative safe and effective therapies. The present study investigated whether daily consumption of three gold-fleshed kiwifruit could alleviate constipation and improve gastrointestinal discomfort in mildly constipated individuals with and without pain. A total of thirty-two participants were enrolled in a 16-week randomised, single-blind, crossover study. Participants received either three ‘Zesy002’ kiwifruit or 14·75 g Metamucil®(5 g dietary fibre/d (a positive control)) for 4 weeks each with a 4-week washout between treatments. A 2-week washout period was included at the beginning and end of the study. Daily bowel habit diaries were kept throughout the study. The primary outcome measure was differences in the number of complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBM). Secondary outcome measures were bowel movement frequency and stool form as well as digestive symptoms and comfort. The number of CSBM per week was significantly greater during daily consumption of three kiwifruit compared with the baseline (6·3v.3·3;P< 0·05) and the Metamucil®treatment (6·3v.4·5;P< 0·05). Stool consistency was also improved, with kiwifruit producing softer stools and less straining (P< 0·05). Gastrointestinal discomfort was also improved compared with baseline for abdominal pain, constipation and indigestion (P< 0·05) during the kiwifruit intervention and constipation during the Metamucil®intervention (P< 0·05). This randomised controlled trial demonstrates that daily consumption of three gold-fleshed kiwifruit is associated with a significant increase of two CSBM per week and reduction in gastrointestinal discomfort in mildly constipated adults.

scholarly journals Effect of a Tailored Dietary Intervention with High or Standard Protein Intake on B-Vitamin and One Carbon Metabolism Status in Healthy Older Males: A 10 Week Randomised Controlled Trial

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nicola Gillies ◽  
Amber M. Milan ◽  
Pankaja Sharma ◽  
Brenan Durainayagam ◽  
Sarah M. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
One Carbon Metabolism ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Standard Protein ◽  
Older Males

Background: Maintaining optimal status of folate and metabolically [...]

scholarly journals Correction to: The effect of pre- and post-operative physical activity on recovery after colorectal cancer surgery (PHYSSURG-C): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron Onerup ◽  
Eva Angenete ◽  
David Bock ◽  
Mats Börjesson ◽  
Monika Fagevik Olsén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Randomised Controlled

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Hughes Abdominal Repair Trial (HART)—abdominal wall closure techniques to reduce the incidence of incisional hernias: feasibility trial for a multicentre, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e017235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon L Harries ◽  
Julie Cornish ◽  
David Bosanquet ◽  
Buddug Rees ◽  
James Horwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Data Monitoring Committee ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Abdominal Wall Closure ◽  
Incisional Hernias ◽  
Mass Closure ◽  
Monitoring Committee ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesIncisional hernias are common complications of midline abdominal closure. The ‘Hughes Repair’ combines a standard mass closure with a series of horizontal and two vertical mattress sutures within a single suture. There is evidence to suggest this technique is as effective as mesh repair for the operative management of incisional hernias; however, no trials have compared Hughes repair with standard mass closure for the prevention of incisional hernia formation. This paper aims to test the feasibility of running a randomised controlled trial of a comparison of abdominal wall closure methods following midline incisional surgery for colorectal cancer, in preparation to a definitive randomised controlled trial.Design and settingA feasibility trial (with 1:1 randomisation) conducted perioperatively during colorectal cancer surgery.ParticipantsPatients undergoing midline incisional surgery for resection of colorectal cancer.InterventionsComparison of two suture techniques (Hughes repair or standard mass closure) for the closure of the midline abdominal wound following surgery for colorectal cancer.Primary and secondary outcomesA 30-patient feasibility trial assessed recruitment, randomisation, deliverability and early safety of the surgical techniques used.ResultsA total of 30 patients were randomised from 43 patients recruited and consented, over a 5-month period. 14 and 16 patients were randomised to arms A and B, respectively. There was one superficial surgical site infection (SSI) and two organ space SSIs reported in arm A, and two superficial SSIs and one complete wound dehiscence in arm B. There were no suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions reported in either arm. Independent data monitoring committee found no early safety concerns.ConclusionsThe feasibility trial found no early safety concerns and demonstrated that the trial was acceptable to patients. Progression to the pilot and main phases of the trial has now commenced following approval by the independent data monitoring committee.Trial registration numberISRCTN 25616490.

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