Glucose-lowering activity of dark tea protein extract by modulating spleen-brain axis of diabetic mice

Abstract The present study was to explore the glucose-lowering effects of the previously characterized dark tea (Camellia sinensis L) protein extract (DTPE) from Heimaojian on spleen-brain axis of diabetic mice. DTPE was orally administrated (50-100 mg/kg) to alloxan-induced mice for 21 days, biochemical assay and transcriptome profiling (RNA-Seq) were performed. The results showed that DTPE can improve glucose tolerance. Compared with model group, at day 21, the fasting blood glucose values were significantly (p<0.05) decreased by 44.9% (13.8 vs 7.6 mmol/L) and 51.4% (13.8 vs 6.7 mmol/L) for high dose of DTPE (100 mg/kg) and drug metformin (125 mg/kg) groups, respectively. Subsequently, transcriptome profiling (RNA-Seq) was performed on the spleen and brain of diabetic mice. Totally, 52 spleen-derived and 47 brain-derived differentially expressed genes related to the synthesis, transport and metabolism of glucose were identified. The regulatory network analysis indicated that DTPE may exert glucose-lowering effects through a 37-gene sub-network related to metabolism, Parkinson’s disease, oxidative phosphorylation and immunity. In summary, for the first time, the present data revealed that dark tea-derived DTPE could exert a potential anti-hyperglycemic effect by modulating spleen-brain axis.

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Transcriptome profiling reveals transcriptional and alternative splicing regulation in the early embryonic development of hair follicles in the cashmere goat

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54315-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yanjun Zhang ◽

Lele Wang ◽

Zhen Li ◽

Dong Chen ◽

Wenjing Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alternative Splicing ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Hair Follicles ◽

Splicing Regulation ◽

Cashmere Goat ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Three Stages ◽

Functional Pathways ◽

First Time

AbstractThe undercoat fiber of the cashmere goat, from the secondary hair follicle (HF), possesses commercial value. However, very few studies have focused on the molecular details of primary and secondary HF initiation and development in goat embryos. In this study, skin samples at embryonic day 45, 55, and 65 (E45, E55, and E65) were collected and prepared for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We found that the HF probably initiated from E55 to E65 by analyzing the functional pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Most key genes in canonical signaling pathways, including WNT, TGF-β, FGF, Hedgehog, NOTCH, and other factors showed clear expression changes from E55 to E65. We, for the first time, explored alternative splicing (AS) alterations, which showed distinct patterns among these three stages. Functional pathways of AS-regulated genes showed connections to HF development. By comparing the published RNA-seq samples from the E60, E120, and newborn (NB) stages, we found the majority of WNT/β-catenin signaling genes were important in the initiation of HF development, while other factors including FOXN1, GATA3, and DLX3 may have a consistent influence on HF development. Our investigation supported the time points of embryonic HF initiation and identified genes that have potential functions of embryonic HF initiation and development. We further explored the potential regulatory roles of AS in HF initiation, which extended our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of HF development.

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Evaluation of the anti-diabetic effect of the methanol leaf extract and fractions of Dennettia tripetala G. Bak (Annonaceae) in alloxan- induced diabetic mice

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3969 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 129-139

Author(s):

Uchenna Collins Abonyi ◽

Moses A Omoiri ◽

Peter A Akah

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Dose ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Dennettia Tripetala

This study evaluated the anti-diabetic properties of the methanol extract and fractions of Dennettia tripetala leaves in alloxan diabetic rats. The crude methanol extract (ME), n-hexane (NF), ethyl acetate (EAF), butanol (BF) and water (WF) fractions, were tested for anti-diabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The extracts and its fractions were screened for phytochemical constituents. Glibenclamide was used as the standard anti-diabetic treatment Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were determined using a glucometer. Lipid profile parameters were also assessed. Histopathological examination of the pancreas was performed. The presence of glycosides, saponins, reducing sugars, fats and oil, alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, proteins and tannins were detected in ME, and the fractions. Treatment of the rats with the extract and its fractions reduced FBG levels significantly (p < 0.05) within 10 hours of acute treatment and 14 days short term treatment. The highest reduction was by the crude extract,( ME 500 mg/kg) with percentage reduction of 62.89 %. The study revealed significant (p < 0.05) reductions in serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol and LDL levels by the extracts and its fractions while a significant (p < 0.05) increase in HDL levels was evident . The effect of the extract and fractions on body weight indicated a moderate weight gain. Treatment with high dose of the extract and fractions (500 mg/kg) resulted in marked rejuvenation of the pancreatic β cells. The results of this study suggest that the leaves of Dennetia tripetala are endowed with potent anti-diabetic and antilipidemic properties. Keywords: Dennetia tripetala, Antidiabetic, Alloxan, Lipid profile, Histopathplogy.

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First transcriptome profiling of D. melanogaster after development in a deep underground low radiation background laboratory

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0255066

Author(s):

Mikhail Zarubin ◽

Albert Gangapshev ◽

Yuri Gavriljuk ◽

Vladimir Kazalov ◽

Elena Kravchenko

Keyword(s):

Background Radiation ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Natural Background ◽

Radiation Background ◽

Differential Abundance ◽

Natural Background Radiation ◽

Deep Underground ◽

High Doses ◽

First Time

Natural background radiation is a permanent multicomponent factor. It has an influence on biological organisms, but effects of its deprivation still remain unclear. The aim of our work was to study for the first time responses of D. melanogaster to conditions of the Deep Underground Low-Background Laboratory DULB-4900 (BNO, INR, RAS, Russia) at the transcriptome level by RNA-seq profiling. Overall 77 transcripts demonstrated differential abundance between flies exposed to low and natural background radiation. Enriched biological process functional categories were established for all genes with differential expression. The results showed down-regulation of primary metabolic processes and up-regulation of both the immune system process and the response to stimuli. The comparative analysis of our data and publicly available transcriptome data on D. melanogaster exposed to low and high doses of ionizing radiation did not reveal common DEGs in them. We hypothesize that the observed changes in gene expression can be explained by the influence of the underground conditions in DULB-4900, in particular, by the lack of stimuli. Thus, our study challenges the validity of the LNT model for the region of background radiation doses below a certain level (~16.4 nGy h-1) and the presence of a dose threshold for D. melanogaster.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling identifies CRISPLD2 as a glucocorticoid responsive gene that modulates cytokine function in airway smooth muscle cells.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718448277.793503061 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Giembycz

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Airway Smooth Muscle ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Airway Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Responsive Gene

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling identifies CRISPLD2 as a glucocorticoid responsive gene that modulates cytokine function in airway smooth muscle cells.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718448277.793496543 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Yassine Amrani

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Airway Smooth Muscle ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Airway Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Responsive Gene

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Glucose lowering by SGLT2-inhibitor empagliflozin accelerates atherosclerosis regression in hyperglycemic STZ-diabetic mice

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-54224-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jan Pennig ◽

Philipp Scherrer ◽

Mark Colin Gissler ◽

Nathaly Anto-Michel ◽

Natalie Hoppe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leukocyte Adhesion ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Glucose Lowering ◽

Atherosclerosis Progression ◽

Glucose Levels

AbstractDiabetes worsens atherosclerosis progression and leads to a defect in repair of arteries after cholesterol reduction, a process termed regression. Empagliflozin reduces blood glucose levels via inhibition of the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) in the kidney and has been shown to lead to a marked reduction in cardiovascular events in humans. To determine whether glucose lowering by empagliflozin accelerates atherosclerosis regression in a mouse model, male C57BL/6J mice were treated intraperitoneally with LDLR- and SRB1- antisense oligonucleotides and fed a high cholesterol diet for 16 weeks to induce severe hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis progression. At week 14 all mice were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ) injections. At week 16 a baseline group was sacrificed and displayed substantial atherosclerosis of the aortic root. In the remaining mice, plasma cholesterol was lowered by switching to chow diet and treatment with LDLR sense oligonucleotides to induce atherosclerosis regression. These mice then received either empagliflozin or vehicle for three weeks. Atherosclerotic plaques in the empagliflozin treated mice were significantly smaller, showed decreased lipid and CD68+ macrophage content, as well as greater collagen content. Proliferation of plaque resident macrophages and leukocyte adhesion to the vascular wall were significantly decreased in empagliflozin-treated mice. In summary, plasma glucose lowering by empagliflozin improves plaque regression in diabetic mice.

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Defatted Hydroethanolic Extract of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson and Durieu Seeds: Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10249147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (24) ◽

pp. 9147

Author(s):

Imane Es-Safi ◽

Hamza Mechchate ◽

Amal Amaghnouje ◽

Anna Calarco ◽

Smahane Boukhira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

North African ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

The North ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract ◽

Inflammatory Effect

The seeds of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson and Durieu have been used in the North African Sahara as a traditional medicine to treat diabetes. The present study investigates the antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties of the defatted hydroethanolic extract of Ammodaucus leucotrichus (DHEAM). The antidiabetic and the antihyperglycemic studies were assessed on alloxan-induced diabetic with orally administered doses of DHEAM (100 and 200 mg/kg). At the same time, its anti-inflammatory propriety was evaluated by measuring edema development in the Wistar rats paw induced with carrageenan. Treatment of diabetic mice with DHEAM for four weeks managed their high fasting blood glucose levels, improved their overall health, and also revealed an excellent antihyperglycemic activity. Following the anti-inflammatory results, DHEAM exhibited a perfect activity. HPLC results revealed the presence of seven molecules (chlorogenic acid, 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid, gallic acid, ferulic acid, myricetin, quercetin, luteolin). This work indicates that the DHEAM has an important antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory effect that can be well established as a phytomedicine to treat diabetes.

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lncRNA CASC19 Contributes to Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Promoting Autophagy via AMPK-mTOR Pathway

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1407

Author(s):

Hongxia Liu ◽

Wang Zheng ◽

Qianping Chen ◽

Yuchuan Zhou ◽

Yan Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽

Cell Line ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Mtor Pathway ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Cellular Autophagy ◽

First Time

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most frequent head and neck malignant tumors and is majorly treated by radiotherapy. However, radiation resistance remains a serious obstacle to the successful treatment of NPC. The aim of this study was to discover the underlying mechanism of radioresistance and to elucidate novel genes that may play important roles in the regulation of NPC radiosensitivity. By using RNA-seq analysis of NPC cell line CNE2 and its radioresistant cell line CNE2R, lncRNA CASC19 was screened out as a candidate radioresistance marker. Both in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that a high expression level of CASC19 was positively correlated with the radioresistance of NPC, and the radiosensitivity of NPC cells was considerably enhanced by knockdown of CASC19. The incidence of autophagy was enhanced in CNE2R in comparison with CNE2 and another NPC cell line HONE1, and silencing autophagy with LC3 siRNA (siLC3) sensitized NPC cells to irradiation. Furthermore, CASC19 siRNA (siCASC19) suppressed cellular autophagy by inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR pathway and promoted apoptosis through the PARP1 pathway. Our results revealed for the first time that lncRNA CASC19 contributed to the radioresistance of NPC by regulating autophagy. In significance, CASC19 might be a potential molecular biomarker and a new therapeutic target in NPC.

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Non-Coding RNA Signatures of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052683 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2683

Author(s):

Princess D. Rodriguez ◽

Hana Paculova ◽

Sophie Kogut ◽

Jessica Heath ◽

Hilde Schjerven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Transcriptome Profiling ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Technological Developments ◽

Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of non-protein coding transcripts that regulate critical cellular processes associated with cancer. Advances in RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) have led to the characterization of non-coding RNA expression across different types of human cancers. Through comprehensive RNA-Seq profiling, a growing number of studies demonstrate that ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNA), play central roles in progenitor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) pathogenesis. Furthermore, due to their central roles in cellular homeostasis and their potential as biomarkers, the study of ncRNAs continues to provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of B-ALL. This article reviews the ncRNA signatures reported for all B-ALL subtypes, focusing on technological developments in transcriptome profiling and recently discovered examples of ncRNAs with biologic and therapeutic relevance in B-ALL.

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