Dietary and serum vitamin D and preeclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: a matched case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Xue-min Huang ◽  
Yan-hua Liu ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Wei-feng Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract The effect of vitamin D (VD) on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) is uncertain. Few of previous studies focused on the relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk. Therefore, we conducted this 1:1 matched case-control study to explore the association of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk in Chinese pregnant women. A total of 440 pairs of participants were recruited during March 2016 to June 2019. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were plotted to evaluate the dose-response relationship of dietary VD intake and serum VD concentrations with PE risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the ORs of the highest quartile were 0.45 (95%CI: 0.29-0.71, Ptrend = 0.001) for VD dietary intake and 0.26 (95%CI: 0.11-0.60, Ptrend = 0.003) for serum levels after adjusting for confounders. In addition, the RCS analysis suggested a reverse J-shaped relationship between dietary VD intake and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). A similar association was also found between serum concentrations of total 25(OH)D and PE risk (P-nonlinearity = 0.02). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that higher dietary intake and serum levels of VD are associated with the lower risk of PE in Chinese pregnant women.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections and Preeclampsia among Pregnant Women Attending Two Hospitals in Mwanza City, Tanzania: A 1:2 Matched Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joshua Kaduma ◽  
Jeremiah Seni ◽  
Clotilda Chuma ◽  
Richard Kirita ◽  
Fridolin Mujuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Urinary tract infection (UTI) and preeclampsia are common among pregnant women and are associated with adverse maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes. Despite this, limited information exists on the association between UTIs and preeclampsia in Tanzania to guide specific management and thereby averting the adverse outcomes. A 1:2 matched case-control study (by age and gravidity) involving 131 pregnant women with preeclampsia (cases) and 262 without preeclampsia (controls) was conducted. Sociodemographic and clinical information was collected using a questionnaire. Midstream urine samples were collected during admission for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Out of 393 pregnant women enrolled, 110 (28.0%), 95% CI: 23.8%-32.7%, had significant bacteriuria [cases: 50.4% (66/131) and control: 16.8% (44/262)]. Pregnant women with preeclampsia had 7.7 odds of having significant bacteriuria than those without preeclampsia [OR=7.7, 95% CI (4.11-14.49); p-value <0.001]. Escherichia coli, 50 (45.5%), and Klebsiella spp., 25 (23.6%), predominated, and resistance to gentamicin, ceftriaxone, and piperacillin-tazobactam ranged from 9.0% to 29.0% in these dominant species. Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) production in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. was 18.0% (9/50) and 15.4% (4/26), respectively. Routine urine culture and AST among pregnant women with preeclampsia should be introduced in the antenatal clinics to ensure prompt management. Delineation of maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women with preeclampsia and UTIs would be of interest in future studies.

scholarly journals Higher Dietary Intake of Resveratrol Was Associated with Lower Risk of Hip Fracture- a 1:1 Matched Case-control Study in Chinese Elderly (OR18-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomin Liu ◽  
Yu-ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chinese Elderly ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives In vitro and animal experiments suggest that resveratrol (RVS) could improve bone health by alleviation of bone mineral and strength loss. However, there has been no epidemiologic evidence linking habitual resveratrol consumption with fracture risk. The aim of the study was to testify the association of habitual RSV consumption with hip fracture risk in Chinese elderly. Methods This was a 1:1 age- and gender- matched case–control study among Chinese elderly. Eligible cases were newly diagnosed (within 2-week). Dietary survey was conducted by a 79-item validated food frequency questionnaire. The habitual intake of RSV was estimated as the sum of trans-and cis-resveratrol and trans- and cis-piceid based on the available database of Phenol Explorer. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship of dietary RSV and RSV rich foods with the risk of hip fracture. Results A total of 1070 pairs of hip fracture incident cases and controls were included in the analysis, with an average age of 70.6 y and body mass index (BMI) of 22.5 kg/m2. The controls were recruited from both community (82.3%) and hospital (17.7%). The average total RSV intake was 178.6 μg/d and 96.6% participants had no habitual red wine consumption. After adjustment of a range of potential confounders, comparing with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile group had a reduced hip fracture risk by 80.2% (OR: 0.198, 0.099∼0.394) for total RSV, and 46.7% (OR: 0.533, 0.319∼0.890) for grapes intake in a significant dose-response manner across the quartiles (all P for trend < 0.001). Similar findings were observed for cis- and trans-RSV, as well as cis- and trans-Piceid. Sensitivity analysis with exclusion of patients with chronic disorders made little change in the results. Subgroup analyses indicated that the findings were consistent across gender (men and women), BMI (below or above median), physical activities (below or above median), supplementation of calcium (yes or no), as well as habitual tea drinking (yes or no). Conclusions Our findings indicated that higher dietary RSV was associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture in Chinese elderly. As dietary intake of RSV is modifiable, this finding would be of public health importance with respect to fracture prevention in elderly. Funding Sources This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 81773416, 30872100 and 81072299).

scholarly journals Outcomes of UTI and bacteriuria caused by ESBL vs. non-ESBL Enterobacteriaceae isolates in pregnancy: a matched case–control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yagel ◽  
H. Nativ ◽  
K. Riesenberg ◽  
L. Nesher ◽  
L. Saidel-Odes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Positive Urine ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

AbstractInfections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) have become increasingly prevalent, posing a serious public threat worldwide. It is commonly believed that untreated urinary tract infections (UTI) and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) during pregnancy are associated with poor obstetric outcomes. Currently, there is a paucity of data regarding the outcomes or risk factors of such ESBL-E infections in pregnant women. We conducted a retrospective 1:2 matched case–control study of hospitalised pregnant women with ESBL-E- vs. non-ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae-positive urine cultures obtained between 2004 and 2015, and compared risk factors for the development of resistant bacteria, clinical course and outcomes. In total, 87 pregnant women with ESBL-E-positive urine cultures were matched to 174 controls by decade of age, ethnicity and pregnancy trimester. Significant risk factors for acquisition of ESBL-E included prior UTI/ABU episodes (50.6% vs. 26.3%, P < 0.001), previous isolation of ESBL-E in urine cultures (12.6% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.001) and prior antibiotic exposure (71.3% vs. 54%, P = 0.002). Previous hospitalisation, however, was not found to be a risk factor. No significant difference was found in adverse obstetric outcomes. We conclude that prior urinary infections and antibiotic exposure were significant risk factors for the isolation of ESBL-E pathogens from the urine of pregnant women; however, this was not associated with worse obstetric outcomes compared with non-ESBL-E pathogens.

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