scholarly journals Do as I Say or Do as I Do? How Social Relationships Shape the Impact of Descriptive and Injunctive Norms of Voting

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Edward Fieldhouse ◽  
David Cutts
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Social Approval ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Social norms play an important role in our understanding of why people vote, yet very little is known about the relative importance of descriptive and injunctive norms for voter turnout or how normative influence is affected by the political and social relationship between citizens. Using political discussion network data from the British Election Study, this article examines the joint effect of descriptive and injunctive norms on turnout. It demonstrates that citizens follow the example of those closest to them (descriptive norms), especially their partner, but they also respond to social approval of voting from political discussants regardless of the nature of their relationship.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Relationships on Online Word-of-Mouth and Knowledge Sharing in Social Network Sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherein Hamed Abou-Warda
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Online Word Of Mouth ◽  
The Impact

This study provides insight into how social relationships perspective influence on online Word-of-Mouth and knowledge sharing on social networking sites (SNSs). By using the sample from 385 Egyptian college students - who spend more time on SNSs, this study investigates the relationship among the use of SNSs, users' social Relationships, online Word-of-Mouth, and knowledge sharing. Partial Least Square (PLS) was utilized to examine the hypotheses through a questionnaire designed on the Likert seven-point scale. The results indicated that the intensity of usage of SNSs is a positively related with social relationship factors which has a positive effect on online WOM; in addition, online WOM has positively significant influence on knowledge sharing. The results also indicated that male students are found to have more social relationship than female counterparts do. Male students feel more strongly about knowledge sharing when they perceive that online WOM communication is good.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Precision of Social Relationship Indices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Mielke ◽  
Liran Samuni
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Interaction Type ◽  
True Value ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Interaction Types ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCombining interaction rates of different social behaviours into social relationship indices to represent the structure of dyadic relationships on one underlying dimension is common practice in animal sociality studies. However, the properties of these relationship indices are not well explored – mainly because, for real-world social systems, the ‘true’ value of relationships is unobservable. Here, we use simulation studies to estimate the accuracy and precision of three relationship indices: the Dyadic Composite Sociality Index, the Composite Relationship Index, and the Dynamic Dyadic Sociality Index. We simulated one year of social interactions for multiple groups of 25 individuals and 4 interaction types with different properties, and tested the impact of different focal follow regimes, data densities and sampling conditions on the representation of social relationships. Accuracy and precision of social relationship indices were strongly driven by sample size, similar to simple interaction rates. Under the assumption that there was a clear, one-dimensional relationship underlying interactions, and that different interaction types constituting an index were highly correlated, indices indeed increased accuracy over single interaction rates for small sample sizes. Including uninformative constituting behaviours (i.e., those not highly correlated with the underlying relationship dimension) reduced the accuracy of all indices. The precision of each index (i.e., whether multiple simulated focal follow regimes achieve the same dyadic values for the same data) was generally poor and was driven by the precision of the least precise constituting behaviour, making them less precise than some single interaction rates. Our results showed that social relationship indices do not remove the need to have sufficient data for each individual constituting interaction type. Index quality was defined by the least accurate and precise constituting interaction type. Indices might only be useful if all constituting interaction rates are highly correlated and if there are clear indications that one dimension is sufficient to represent social relationships in a group.

The Impact of Political Discussion Networks on Civic and Political Engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-148
Author(s):  
Taylor N. Carlson ◽  
Marisa Abrajano ◽  
Lisa García Bedolla
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 6 examines the association among our network characteristics - partisan homogeneity, discussion frequency, and network size - and, civic engagement, self-reported political engagement, and validated voter turnout across our various social groups. Of course, we cannot causally distinguish between selection and social influence with our data. However, we uncover important associations nonetheless. We find that regardless of social position, across all groups, those who discuss politics more frequently are more politically engaged, but network size and partisan homogeneity are not uniformly associated with engagement. With regards to validated turnout, we observe that network size and discussion frequency are positively associated with voting for U.S.-born respondents, but none of the network characteristics are associated with voting among our foreign-born respondents.

scholarly journals Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in a facultatively social mammal

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1871) ◽  
pp. 20171934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Blumstein ◽  
Dana M. Williams ◽  
Alexandra N. Lim ◽  
Svenja Kroeger ◽  
Julien G. A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Relationship Strength ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Social Metrics ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
The Impact

Humans in strong social relationships are more likely to live longer because social relationships may buffer stressors and thus have protective effects. However, a shortcoming of human studies is that they often rely on self-reporting of these relationships. By contrast, observational studies of non-human animals permit detailed analyses of the specific nature of social relationships. Thus, discoveries that some social animals live longer and healthier lives if they are involved in social grooming, forage together or have more affiliative associates emphasizes the potential importance of social relationships on health and longevity. Previous studies have focused on the impact of social metrics on longevity in obligately social species. However, if sociality indeed has a key role in longevity, we might expect that affiliative relationships should also influence longevity in less social species. We focused on socially flexible yellow-bellied marmots ( Marmota flaviventer ) and asked whether female longevity covaries with the specific nature of social relationships. We quantified social relationships with social network statistics that were based on affiliative interactions, and then estimated the correlation between longevity and sociality using bivariate models. We found a significant negative phenotypic correlation between affiliative social relationship strength and longevity; marmots with greater degree, closeness and those with a greater negative average shortest path length died at younger ages. We conclude that sociality plays an important role in longevity, but how it does so may depend on whether a species is obligately or facultatively social.

Phubbing and Social Relationships: Results from an Australian Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeslam Al-Saggaf ◽  
Rachel MacCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Dinner Table ◽  
Distant Relationship ◽  
Australian Sample ◽  
The Impact

AbstractExisting research on phubbing has focused mainly on one relationship group (i.e., partner phubbing). How does phubbing differ across different relationship groups (i.e., family vss people at work)? How does phubbing differ within the same relationship group (i.e., in the case of family relations: parents vs. children)? In which situations (i.e., in bed or at the dinner table) are people more likely to phub others? An online survey of 387 participants, predominantly Australians, revealed that participants were more likely to phub family, friends and strangers than people at work, and they were more likely to phub family and friends than strangers. With regard to family relations, participants were more likely to phub parents, partners and children than grandparents. They were more likely to phub partners and children than parents. The reason certain people are phubbed more frequently than others and in specific situations more than others is due to which social norms matter the most: injunctive norms or smartphone-related internalised norms. Considering that phubbing impacts those with whom the phubber has a closer relationship and those with whom the phubber has a distant relationship, comparing how phubbing differs across different relationship groups contributes to understanding the impact of phubbing on social relationships.

scholarly journals The Impact of Formal School Entry on Children’s Social Relationships with Parents, Siblings, and Friends

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Katharina M. Heuser-Spura ◽  
Julia Jaekel ◽  
Dieter Wolke
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
School Entry ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
School Age ◽  
Early School ◽  
Relationship Qualities ◽  
Early School Age ◽  
The Impact

The normative transition to formal schooling confronts children with social challenges but also opportunities. Longitudinal research on how school entry impacts children’s family and friend-ship relationships is scarce. This study investigated social relationship qualities with parents, siblings, and friends among 1110 children (49.9% female) from the prospective, population-based Bavarian Longitudinal Study at 6 years (before school entry) and 8 years using a forced-choice card-sorting task. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed significant effects of age (i.e., school entry) on social relationship qualities with mothers (Pillai’s Trace (PT) = 0.28, F(9, 1101) = 47.73, p < 0.001), fathers (PT = 0.14, F(9, 1101) = 19.47, p < 0.001), siblings (PT = 0.27, F(9, 1101) = 46.14, p < 0.001), and friends (PT = 0.21, F(9, 1101) = 32.57, p < 0.001). On average, children reported higher levels of parental comfort after school entry. Companionable qualities increased in relationships with friends, whereas sibling relationships became more conflictual from preschool to early school age. Findings provide unique insights into how social relationships develop from preschool to early school age, supporting evidence of the growing importance of friends. Conflict was predominant and increasing in sibling relationships and should be considered more in future research.

Conceptualizing the impact of machines, science and technologies on the sociocultural environment that shapes the teacher's paradigm of values and views of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2161-2179
Author(s):  
A.B. Lanchakov ◽  
S.A. Filin ◽  
A.Zh. Yakushev ◽  
E.E. Zhusipova
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Sociocultural Environment ◽  
Sociocultural Development ◽  
Prediction And Forecasting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Motivation ◽  
The Way

Subject. In this article we analyze how machinery, science and technologies influence the sociocultural environment that engenders the teacher's paradigm of values and views of life. Objectives. We herein outline guidance to predict the way teachers' views of life might evolve in corresponding sociocultural periods more precisely. The article analyzes making more precise forecasts of oncoming economic crises, which will cause some changes in teachers' mindset. Methods. The study involves learning methodologies, methods of prediction and forecasting, including foresight. Results. We propose and analyze the theory holding that the human civilization passes cycles during its sociocultural development in terms of a new set of values in contemporary teachers' views of life. The article sets forth our recommendations on innovation-driven views of life, mindset and thinking and, consequently, the development of intellectual qualities, knowledge, skills, cognitive activity, positive motivation to the professional activity of a teacher and alumni during more elevated periods, which requires to more precisely predict the way teachers’ mindset may change in certain sociocultural periods. Conclusions and Relevance. As the human civilization enters the innovation-driven sociocultural period, teachers and social relationships should demonstrate more innovative and environmentally-friendly attitudes and views of life.

Examining the Kinships System of the Bodo

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Dr. Oinam Ranjit Singh ◽  
Dr. Nushar Bargayary
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The Bodo of the North Eastern region of India have their own kinship system to maintain social relationship since ancient periods. Kinship is the expression of social relationship. Kinship may be defined as connection or relationships between persons based on marriage or blood. In each and every society of the world, social relationship is considered to be the more important than the biological bond. The relationship is not socially recognized, it fall outside the realm of kinship. Since kinship is considered as universal, it plays a vital role in the socialization of individuals and the maintenance of social cohesion of the group. Thus, kinship is considered to be the study of the sum total of these relations. The kinship of the Bodo is bilateral. The kin related through the father is known as Bahagi in Bodo whereas the kin to the mother is called Kurma. The nature of social relationships, the kinship terms, kinship behaviours and prescriptive and proscriptive rules are the important themes of the present study.

O Direito do Trabalho (des)conectado nas plataformas digitais

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-266
Author(s):  
Murilo Carvalho Sampaio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conditions Of Work

RESUMO:Este artigo trata dos impactos das plataformas digitais no Direito do Trabalho, tomando como exemplo sintomático o padrão da plataforma Uber. Inicia discutindo o cenário da economia digital e suas transformações nos modos de organizar a atividade empresarial, caracterizando a disrupção destas tecnologias e examinando criticamente se tais inovações situam-se realmente no discurso de economia do compartilhamento. Adiante, aborda as condições fáticas das plataformas de trabalho, questionando a dimensão formal-jurídica de liberdade e a condição econômica de hipossuficiência. Examina o caso da Uber como paradigma do modelo de organização empresarial desta economia digital e a situação dos seus motoristas tidos como parceiros para, ao final, pontuar algumas conclusões a cerca da necessidade do Direito Trabalho estar conectado com essas novas relações sociaisABSTRACT:This article deals with the impact of digital platforms in Labor Law, taking as a symptomatic example the standards of the Uber platform. It begins by discussing the the digital economy scenario and its transformations in the way business activity organize itself, characterizing the disruption of these technologies and critically examining whether such innovations are really part of the sharing economy speech. Hereinafter, it addresses the factual conditions of work platforms, questioning the formal-legal dimension of freedom and the economic condition of hypo-sufficiency. It examines the case of Uber as a paradigm of a business model organization in the digital economy and the situation of its drivers, taken as partners in order to, in the end of it, point some conclusions about the need of Labor Law to be connected with these new social relationships.

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