Observations on scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the Middle East*

1980 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ben-Dov
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Green Is ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Subjective Synonym

AbstractObservations on the taxonomy, distribution and host-plants of scale insects of several taxa in the Middle East are reported. A lectotype is designated for Bodenheimera rachelae (Bodenh.). Coccus capparidis (Green) is recorded for the first time from Israel and the Mediterranean region. C. arens Hodgson is a new synonym of C. capparidis. C. pseudo-magnoliarum (Kuw.) is recorded from Israel and France. The genus Paralecanopsis is regarded as a subjective synonym of Lecanopsis. Archaspis is synonymised with Quadraspidiotus and Archaspis ephedrae Bodenh. with Quadraspidiotus cecconii (Leonardi). The identity of Diaspis capparidis Bodenh. is established, the species is transferred to Rungaspis, and R. trabuti Balachowsky synonymised with it. R. macrolobis Kaussari is redescribed and a lectoype designated; it is recorded from Israel. A key is given to the three species of Rungaspis, and Sinaidiaspis is synonymised with this. Pseudococcus lindingeri Bodenh. is transferred to Planococcus, and Planococcus variabilis (Hall) synonymised with it. Trionymus internodii (Hall) is recorded for the first time from pineapple and from Israel.

scholarly journals Bionomics and host plants of the invasive Cydia interscindana (Möschler, 1866) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), an emerging pest in the Carpathian Lowlands

2022 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Attila Takács ◽  
Csaba Szabóky ◽  
Balázs Tóth ◽  
Miklós Bozsó ◽  
János Kutas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Platycladus Orientalis ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
First Time

Cydia interscindana (Möschler, 1866) has spread through several European countries in the past few years, becoming an invasive pest of ornamental trees. It was collected in Hungary for the first time in a pheromone trap set for Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus, 1758) in 2014. Here we discuss its recent distribution in Hungary based on intensive sampling between 2018 and 2020, which showed the dispersal of the pest by humans. Two formerly unknown host plants are also recorded. The damage caused by the larvae, the external morphology of the adult male, larva, pupa (described for the first time) and pupal exuviae are presented. We also analyse DNA barcodes, identifying this pest for the first time via DNA sequencing of immature stages. Introduction Cydia interscindana is native in the Mediterranean region, where it was described by Möschler in 1866 from Andalusia. It is distributed in Mediterranean countries including Portugal (Corley 2004), Spain (Férriz et al. 2006), France (Lévêque et al. 2017) and Italy (Minelli 1995). Later the species was recorded in the British Isles (Knill-Jones 2020), Belgium (De Prins 2016), Switzerland (Swisslepteam 2010), Slovakia (Pastorális et al. 2018) and Russia (Caucasus; Schurov et al. 2017). In Hungary, Cydia interscindana adults were caught by a sticky delta pheromone trap (CSALOMON RAG type) for Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus 1758) in 2014 during a study on swarming dynamics of the latter pest in Budapest. This provided the first record of the species in the Carpathian basin (Szabóky 2014; Takács and Szabóky 2015). In the Mediterranean region larvae feed on Juniperus oxycedrus (L.) (Miller 1990). In Belgium the larva was recorded on Juniperus spp. (Meert et al. 2019). J. oxycedrus is not native in Hungary, but Cupressus × leylandii A.B. Jacks. & Dallim 1926, Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco 1949 and Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murray bis) Parl. 1864 are popular evergreens used as ornamental trees both in parks and gardens. In Hungary several pests of these plants have been recorded, all probably introduced with imported plants; in the literature, 11 Lepidoptera, nine Coleoptera and six Hemiptera species have been mentioned already (Csóka and Kovács 1999; Maráczi 2013; Bozsik et al. 2016; Schurov et al. 2017). However, until the end of the 2000s, only Scolytidae (Coleoptera) species caused serious damage (Bozsik and Szőcs 2017). In 2012, an outbreak of the formerly detected (Muskovits 2001) Lamprodila festiva (Linnaeus 1767) (Buprestidae) took place in Budapest (Németh 2012) causing serious damage on Platycladus orientalis and several ornamental gymnosperm species. This outbreak was certainly caused by introduced specimens, that had arrived with trees from the Mediterranean region where this beetle is a well-known pest (Merkl 2016), whose abundance in Hungary increases due to climatic change (Csóka et al. 2018). Based on the available data, in Hungary this beetle pest has also been blamed for all the damage caused on Cupressus, Platycladus and Chamaecyparis trees and management has been carried out only against them. In 2018, a larva of L. festiva, an unidentified caterpillar and a freshly emerged specimen of Cydia interscindana were collected simultaneously from a Leyland cypress in Székesfehérvár (Central Hungary). In that year, similar Lepidoptera larvae were found in three neighbouring villages: Velence, Sukoró and Pákozd. To identify the sampled caterpillar, DNA analysis was undertaken. Additionally, in 2019–2020 a country-wide investigation was carried out to map the distribution and abundance of C. interscindana and gather data on bionomics of this pest in the Carpathian basin.

Comparison of NINO1+2 and NINO3.4 indices in terms of ENSO effects over the Euro-Mediterranean Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ece Yavuzsoy ◽  
Yasemin Ezber ◽  
Omer Lutfi Sen
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Negative Phase ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Dipole Pattern ◽  
The Mediterranean

<p>El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a phenomenon in the equatorial Pacific that could have profound effects on climate around the world. Although ENSO impacts are fairly well-defined for south and north America, Australia and south-eastern Asia, they are not very clear for Euro-Mediterranean region. Some studies indicate that the negative phase of ENSO in Nino3 and Nino3.4 indices have similar effects in the negative phase of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).  ENSO impacts and teleconnection patterns are mostly studied using the Nino3.4 index. However, some recent studies indicate that the Nino1+2 index has higher correlation with climate variability over the Euro-Mediterranean region.</p><p>In this study, we investigate impacts of ENSO over the Euro-Mediterranean climate variability and atmospheric dynamics using the Nino1+2 and Nino3.4 indices. Additionally, we also tried to understand if there is any relation between ENSO and the Mediterranean and East Asian troughs. NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis surface air temperature, precipitation and 500 hPa geopotential height datasets and SST-based ENSO indices from ERSSTv4 were used in the analysis for boreal winter (December-January-February) for a period of 1950 - 2019. We utilized the Pearson correlation analysis to reveal the relation between these indices and climate parameters and the composite analysis  to define the pattern differences between the cold and warm phases of the indices.</p><p>Our preliminary findings show that there is a distinct correlation pattern between Nino indices and surface air temperature over the region of interest. Nino1+2 index has a more distinct dipole pattern with a significant positive correlation pole over central Europe and negative pole over north-eastern Africa. However, Nino3.4 indicates a rather zonal correlation dipole pattern whose poles are over northwest Africa (strongly positive) and northeast Africa (negative). It is also found that the Mediterranean trough location is sensitive to the phase of ENSO for both indices. Namely, the Mediterranean trough tends to be in the west of its climatological location for La Nina phases of Nino1+2 and Nino3.4, which affects the distribution of surface temperature and precipitation over the Euro-Mediterranean and Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) regions. We concluded that the La Nina phase of Nino1+2 seems to play a more distinctive role in the dipole pattern. The surface air temperature is colder over the entire Europe while it is opposite in the Middle East region including Turkey. This dipole pattern is also detected for the La Nina phase of Nino3.4, but it is mostly observed over southwestern Europe and northern Africa. Comparison between the La Nina and El Nino phases of the Nino1+2 index indicates that for the La Nina phase precipitation is larger over the Aegean Sea and Italy and smaller in northern Europe.</p>

Immature stages, host plants and natural enemies of Henosepilachna implicata (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with DNA sequence data and a new synonym and notes on some Indian species of Epilachnini

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4970 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-546
Author(s):  
J. POORANI ◽  
R. G. BOOTH ◽  
R. GANDHI GRACY ◽  
C. ANURADHA ◽  
R. THANIGAIRAJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
First Time

Life stages of Henosepilachna implicata (Mulsant), an economically important species of Epilachnini in India, are documented and illustrated. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data is provided for the first time for H. implicata with additional details on its host plants, distribution, and natural enemies. Its similarities and differences with other common pestiferous Henosepilachna spp. in India such as H. vigintioctopunctata (F.), H. septima (Dieke) and H. pusillanima (Mulsant) are discussed. Epilachna circularis Korschefsky, 1933 is found to be conspecific with H. implicata and is reduced to a junior synonym of the latter (new synonym). Notes are given on the distribution and natural enemies of some other species of Epilachnini of the Indian region.  

Revision of the West Palaearctic species of the genus Pales Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERFILIPPO CERRETTI
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
The West ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time

A taxonomic revision of the West Palaearctic species of the genus Pales Robineau-Desvoidy is presented and the identity of the genus is defined and discussed. Pales abdita sp. nov. from some localities in the Mediterranean region and Pales marae sp. nov. from Sardinia are described, illustrated and compared with similar species. A key to the ten known West Palaearctic species of Pales is presented. The rare genus Schembria Rondani is suggested as the possible sister-group of Pales and the male genitalia of the only known species, S. meridionalis Rondani, are figured for the first time.

Trends in the Use of Perfumes and Incense in the Near East after the Muslim Conquests

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMAR ZOHAR ◽  
EFRAIM LEV
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
New Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Level Of Importance

AbstractPerfumes have been known as utilizable but exclusive products since antiquity. Use of aromatic substances was first mentioned in archaic sources of the ancient world. The origin of such fragrant substances was mainly vegetable and animal. Throughout history, the use of subtle perfumes increased and some of the exotic materials became expensive and valuable commodities. They were the source of wealth for cultures and rulers. The contribution of the Arabs to the distribution of new crops, knowledge, industrial techniques and substances is a well-known phenomenon. In our article we intend to focus on the new perfumes that were distributed throughout the world thanks to the Arab conquests and the knowledge of their other uses, mainly medicinal, that was handed down along with the products themselves. About 20 common perfumes are known to have been used in the medieval world, though half of them were not mentioned in earlier sources.These phenomena will be dealt with and presented in a profile we built up for four perfumes: agarwood, camphor, musk and ambergris. The theoretical and practical uses of these perfumes that are presented in detail (based on various sources including traders’ documents, medical literature and practical Genizah fragments, dealing mainly with medicine) will serve as case studies for the understanding of new trends in the uses of perfumes after the Muslim conquest. Arab perfumes can be divided into three groups, according to their level of importance:A. New perfumes, mainly from the vast region named “India”; most of which (such as camphor, ambergris and sandalwood and a compound made out of them known as nadd and ghāliya) were not known in the Middle East and the Mediterranean region until the Muslim conquests.B. Perfumes that kept their popularity including: a variety of cinnamon, costus, spikenard, frankincense, saffron and rose.C. Perfumes that lost their worth like balsam and myrrh.It seems that camphor was the best and most cherished perfume that substituted balsam. Like balsam, the importance of myrrh that was imported from Arabia and East Africa also declined and it seems that its substitute was musk. Transformations in perfume fashion were in fact only part of a wider revolution of the Arabic material culture which the Middle East, the Mediterranean region and even many European countries experienced due to the Arab conquests.

Revision of species of the genus Tephritis Latreille 1804 (Diptera: Tephritidae) with entire apical spot

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3620 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEVERYN V. KORNEYEV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Eleven Species

Eleven species of the genus Tephritis with an uncommon banded wing pattern and/or solid apical crossband/spot instead of apical fork, mainly from the Palaearctic Middle East, are described and keyed, including Tephritis afrostriata new species, T. cameo new species, T. gladius new species, T. ochroptera new species, and T. robusta new species. The following synonymy is established: Tephritis admissa Hering 1961 = T. conflata Dirlbek & Dirlbek 1995 new synonym. Lectotypes for T. angulatofasciata Portschinsky 1892 and T. tatarica Portschinsky 1892 are designated. New distribution records are reported. Tephritis tatarica is recorded to be reared Alfredia nivea Kar. et Kir.; T. admissa, T. cameo, T. gladius, and T. ochroptera were swept from Cousinia spp., which very probably are their host plants.

Revision of the cluster-flies of the Pollenia vagabunda species-group (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Rognes
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Atlas Mountains ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Group A ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution In Europe

AbstractWithin Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy, a vagabunda species-group is defined and described. It consists of three species new to science: P. bezziana sp. n., P. stigi sp. n. and P. verneri sp. n. and two redescribed species: P. contempta Robineau-Desvoidy and P. vagabunda (Meigen). It is monophyletic on the basis of synapomorphies in the male cerci and the number of the inner posthumeral setae. Its sister-group is believed to be the viatica species-group. A key is provided and terminalia of both sexes illustrated for all species as far as these are known. A neotype is designated for Pollenia contempta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. A lectotype is designated for Pollenia hasei Séguy, 1928b. P. contempta is widely distributed in the western Mediterranean region and is the sister species of P. vagabunda with a much wider distribution in Europe. P. vagabunda is also reported from the U.S.A. for the first time. P. bezziana is described from Italy, P. verneri from Spain and Portugal, and P. stigi from high altitude in the Moyen Atlas mountains of Morocco. Musca varians Meigen in Morge (1975), nomen nudum, is established as a new synonym of Musca vagabunda Meigen, 1826.

scholarly journals Epidémiologie moléculaire du sérotype 9 du virus de la fièvre catarrhale ovine en région méditerranéenne

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
K. Nomikou ◽  
S. Maan ◽  
N. S. Maan ◽  
P. P.C. Mertens
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the prototype species of the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae. There are 24 (possibly 25) distinct serotypes of BTV, eleven of which have entered, or have been identified in Europe and the Mediterranean region since 1998 (types 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 15, 16, 24 and 25). The first BTV to arrive in Greece during 1998 was serotype 9 (iso­late GRE1998/01), followed by BTV-16 (GRE1999/13) during 1999. BTV-9 spread to mainland Greece, South-Eastern Bulgaria and European Turkey during 1999, to Italy during 2000, then to Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Croatia, mainland Italy and Sicily in 2001. In 2002, BTV-9 was again identified in Bosnia, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Yugoslavia and Albania, and was identified in Libya for the first time in 2008. The whole genome was sequenced for representative field and vaccine strains of BTV-9 and 16 from the Mediterranean region, identifying the levels of genetic heterogeneity in each genome segment. The early European isolates of BTV-9 (1998 onwards) were identified as ‘eastern’ strains related to those from India, Indonesia and Australia. BTV-16 isolates are also eastern strains that are most closely related to strains from Turkey and the South African reference strain of type 16 (originally from Pakistan). Analyses of the more conserved genome segments coding for structural and non-structural proteins of BTV-9 (from Bosnia, Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey) and BTV-16 (from Greece and Turkey) show that the Eastern European isolates of these two serotypes have the remaining eight genome segments (1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10) with more than 99% similarity, in each case belonging to the same eastern lineage. These data show that the BTV-9 and 16 isolates that were circulating in the Mediterranean region are reassortants, with the majority of their genome seg­ments derived from a single parental lineage. However, the BTV-9 isolate from Libya (LIB2008/08) is more closely related to the western BTV-9 reference strain from South Africa than to the earlier BTV-9 isolates from Eastern Europe. Analysis of the more conserved segments of LIB2008/08 showed only 79.8–80.2% similarity with the eastern European BTV-9 isolates from the Eastern Mediterranean region, but 89–93.5% similarity with the BTV-9 reference and vaccine strains from South Africa. BTV-9 from Libya belongs to a distinct western lineage of viruses and represents both a new introduction to the Mediterranean region and a new threat to Europe.

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