The growth responses of Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.) to fluctuating temperature regimes

1967 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth U. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Locusta Migratoria Migratorioides ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Fourth- and fifth-instar hoppers and adults of Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.) were expected to three fluctuating remperature regimes in Weyco climatic cabinets and weighed daily. The regimes were 30 ± 0.25, 30 ± 10 and 30 ± 15°C., the change from one extreme to the other in the last two being made every two hours. Temperatures were accurately determined, by plantinum-resistance thermometers whose dimensions approximated to those of adult locusts, and were automatically recorded. The three thermorhythms were analysed by methods based on Fourier’s theorem, whereby a given wave form can be described in terms of a basic sine weve and a series of superimposed harmonics.The rates of growth (weight increase) in the 4th-instar and adult at 30 ± 10°C/ were higher than at 30 ± 0.25°C. and were within 10 per cent. of the means of the rates at constant temperatures of 20 and 40°C., whereas the frowth rate in the 5th instar, and the pre-copulation and pre-oviposition periods of adults and their rate of weight loss when starved, were the same under both regime. At 30 ± 15°C., 5th-instar hoppers did not survive and, in comparison with the other regimes, the growth rates of 4th-instar hoppers and adults were very much lower, the pre-copulation period of adults was the same but the pre-oviposition period was much longer and their rate of weight loss when starved was doubled. Adults locusts were also tested at 30 ± 17.5°C., but most of them died within 24 hours and all within three days.

scholarly journals Variability in growth responses of non-O157 EHEC isolates in leafy vegetables, sprouted seeds and soil extracts occurs at the isolate level

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Merget ◽  
Ulrich Dobrindt ◽  
Ken J Forbes ◽  
Norval J C Strachan ◽  
Fiona Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sprouted Seeds ◽  
Rates Of Growth

ABSTRACT Foods of plant origin are recognised as a major source of foodborne pathogens, in particular for Shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC). Most work for STEC and plant-based fresh produce has focused on the most prevalent outbreak serogroup, O157. However, non-O157 STEC is an emerging hazard, and as such it is important to characterise aspects within this group that reflect their ability to colonise alternative hosts and habitats relevant to horticultural production. Growth kinetics were quantified for a diverse set of clinical enterohaemorrhagic E. coli isolates in extracts made from different tissues of spinach, lettuce or sprouted seeds, or from soil, to represent association with ready-to-eat fresh produce production. For leafy vegetables, spinach apoplast supported the fastest rates of growth and lettuce root extracts generated the slowest growth rates. Growth rates were similar for the majority of isolates in fenugreek or alfalfa sprouted seed extracts. Monosaccharides were the major driver of bacterial growth. No correlations were found for growth rates between different serotypes or for Shigatoxin gene carriage. Thus, growth rates varied in a plant-dependent and isolate-dependent manner, for all plant or soil extracts tested, indicative of isolate-specific differences in metabolic flexibility. These findings are relevant for risk assessment of non-O157 STEC.

Observations on Rate of Growth, Coloration, and the abnormal Six-instar Life-cycle in Locusta migratoria migratorioides, R. &. F.

1936 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. L. Key
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Locusta Migratoria Migratorioides ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Progression Factor

1. All material was reared under constant conditions of temperature, light intensity and relative humidity. Two relative humidities were used—very wet and very dry. In some cases various coloured backgrounds were used. All material was solitaria, and was kept isolated.2. Average weights were calculated from weighings made at all periods within the stadia, and thus represent the weights at the mid-points of the stadia.3. The figures could not be fitted to the theory of a progression factor of 2.4. Females are on the average 50 per cent, heavier than males even in the third instar; the sexes can probably be distinguished in this way much earlier.5. The first three stadia are of about the same length; the fourth is longer, the fifth much longer.6. The percentage rate of growth between the mid-points of successive stadia is of the same order for all pairs, though somewhat lower for the first and last pairs.7. Hoppers kept in a very dry atmosphere are much lighter than those kept wet —proportionally more so in the later than in the earlier instars; on the other hand each stadium is lengthened—proportionally more so in the earlier than in the later stadia; the percentage rate of growth is just half that of hoppers kept wet.8. The findings of Faure in regard to the causes of differences in coloration were fully confirmed.9. The occurrence of a sixth instar in the females is due to an inherited factor.10. This “ extra ” instar may represent an extra morphological third instar or an extra morphological fourth instar.

Adverse effects on growth rates in rats caused by buprenorphine administration

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Gastric Distension ◽  
Bedding Material ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Measuring Period ◽  
Significant Difference

As a routine postoperative treatment, a single dose of buprenorphine was given to rats at a dose of 0.05 mg/kg subcutaneously. However, some rats developed abnormal secretions around the nose and mouth and some animals died 3-5 days after surgery and analgesic treatment. At autopsy a yellow fibrous mass was found in the stomach and intestines. Observations of animals given buprenorphine revealed an abnormal ingestion of bedding material. This caused a disturbance to normal digestion, with gastric distension, weight loss or decreased growth rate, constipation and occasionally death. In this study rats were monitored for 6 days following surgery and analgesic treatment. A comparison of growth rates was made between rats given saline and buprenorphine or na1buphine and between animals kept on bedding or grid floors for the first 24 h after treatment. Of the animals held on bedding, the buprenorphine-treated animals did not lose weight as the other animals did, but had on the other hand a decreased growth rate during the measuring period of 6 days after surgery. When denied access to bedding for the first 24 h after surgery, rats given saline or na1buphine had a reduced weight gain over the first 24 h, similar to the groups held on bedding. Rats held on grid floors and given buprenorphine continued to gain weight for the first 24h. From day 3, there was no significant difference between the groups, which all gained weight.

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON GROWTH OF FROKER OATS FOR FORAGE.: 1. DRY MATTER YIELDS AND GROWTH RATES

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Oats (Avena sativa L. cv. Froker) were grown to initial panicle emergence in three day/night temperature regimes; H (32/26 C), W (27/21 C), and C (21/15 C). At initial panicle emergence, some plants were transferred to the other regimes until complete panicle emergence. Plants grown continuously in the W regime reached initial panicle emergence in 34 days and complete panicle emergence in 42 days. These stages were reached about a week later in C regime and about 2 wk later in H regime. As compared with plants retained at one temperature to complete panicle emergence, moving plants at initial panicle emergence from H to W or C, or from C to H or W, decreased time to complete panicle emergence by 4 to 6 days. However, complete panicle emergence was delayed 4 to 5 days when plants were moved from W to C or H. Dry matter yields and growth rates (mg/pot/day) of plants grown continuously in the same regime to initial and to complete panicle emergence were highest, and similar, in the W and C regimes, but were significantly lower in the H. As compared with plants retained at one temperature to complete panicle emergence, changing at initial panicle emergence from H to W or C increased dry matter yields and growth rates at complete panicle emergence, whereas changing from W or C to H decreased these parameters. Yields and growth were changed very little by change from W to C or from C to W.

Changes in Marching of Locusts With Rearing Conditions

Behaviour ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy E. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Locusta Migratoria Migratorioides ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Rearing Conditions ◽  
Endocrine Status

Abstract1) Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.) hoppers reared in crowds march actively; those reared in isolation do not, even when placed in a marching crowd. When rearing conditions are changed the amount of marching alters from one extreme towards the other. 2) Significant changes in marching occurred within 15 days of altering rearing conditions, well within the nymphal life of each locust. 3) It is suggested that long term changes in behaviour are associated with changes in endocrine status.

Measurement of growth rates for single crystals and pressed tablets of CuSO4.5 H2O on a rotating disc

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951-2961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Karel ◽  
Jaroslav Nývlt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Good Agreement

Measured growth and dissolution rates of single crystals and tablets were used to calculate the overall linear rates of growth and dissolution of CuSO4.5 H2O crystals. The growth rate for the tablet is by 20% higher than that calculated for the single crystal. It has been concluded that this difference is due to a preferred orientation of crystal faces on the tablet surface. Calculated diffusion coefficients and thicknesses of the diffusion and hydrodynamic layers in the vicinity of the growing or dissolving crystal are in good agreement with published values.

Effect of Catfish Bone Paste on the Properties of Steamed Bread

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 757-760
Author(s):  
Xiao Qing Ren ◽  
Li Zhen Ma ◽  
Xin Yi He
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
A Value ◽  
Crumb Structure ◽  
Steamed Bread ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Structure Properties

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different levels of catfish bone paste to flour on the physicochemical, textural and crumb structure properties of steamed bread. Six different levels (0, 1, 3, 5, 7,10 %) of catfish bone paste to flour were used in the formulation of the steamed bread. The results showed that the weight loss and TTA of steamed bread decreased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. On the other hand, the pH increased with an increase in the levels of the catfish bone paste. The specific volume, hardness, chewiness and gas cell structure in the crumb of steamed bread with catfish bone paste at 5% supplementation level were better. Thus, a value of 5% catfish bone paste was considered a better level for incorporation into the steamed bread.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion Inhibition of Trans-4-Hydroxy-4′-Stilbazole on Mild Steel in HCl Solution

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayssar Nahlé ◽  
Ideisan I. Abu-Abdoun ◽  
Ibrahim Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temkin Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Hcl Solution

The inhibition and the effect of temperature and concentration of trans-4-hydroxy-4′-stilbazole on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M HCl solution was investigated by weight loss experiments at temperatures ranging from 303 to 343 K. The studied inhibitor concentrations were between  M and  M. The percentage inhibition increased with the increase of the concentration of the inhibitor. The percentage inhibition reached about 94% at the concentration of  M and 303 K. On the other hand, the percentage inhibition decreased with the increase of temperature. Using the Temkin adsorption isotherm, the thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of this inhibitor on the metal surface were calculated. Trans-4-hydroxy-4′-stilbazole was found to be a potential corrosion inhibitor since it contained not only nitrogen and oxygen, but also phenyl and pyridine rings that are joined together with a double bond (–C=C–) in conjugation with these rings.

Preferred versus Nonpreferred Treatment, and Self-Control Training versus Determination Raising as Treatments of Obesity: A Pilot Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Overweight Women

Of 12 overweight women half received 10 wk. of self-control training and the rest received an equal period aimed at increasing determination to lose weight. Half of each treatment group had expressed a preference for the type of treatment they received and half for the other type of treatment. Both groups lost a statistically significant amount of weight, and at a 3-mo. follow-up there was still a significant weight loss. Follow-up at 6 mo. on 9 of the 12 original subjects indicated both groups regained much of their lost weight. There was no evidence that either type of treatment or receiving one's preferred type of treatment was related to weight loss.

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