Ontario Municipal Elections: Voting Trends and Determinants of Electoral Success in a Canadian Province

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kushner ◽  
David Siegel ◽  
Hannah Stanwick
Keyword(s):  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Campaign Expenditures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThis article examines voting trends in recent Ontario elections and the impact of incumbency, gender, campaign expenditures and the number of candidates per seat on the electoral success of a candidate. Voter turnout is found to be consistently lower in larger cities. The number of females holding office has increased over time, with large cities having the highest proportion of females in office. As candidates, males and females have similar success rates. Incumbency provides a huge advantage, especially in large cities. The level of campaign spending also has a significant effect as does the number of candidates contesting a seat.

The Impact of Project Management Methodologies on Project Success

2019 ◽  
pp. 418-437
Author(s):  
Hazem Abdulla ◽  
Mukhtar Alhashimi ◽  
Allam Mohammed Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This study assessed the impact of project management methodologies (PMMs) on project success in the oil and gas industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It also explored the different project methodologies used along with their strengths and weaknesses. Quantitative approach with the support of qualitative interviews was used to achieve the objectives of this research. A total of 95 survey responses were received and 17 interviews were conducted. Projects in the oil and gas industry are more about safety than speed, and hence, the use of comprehensive methodologies and applying the relevant methodology elements are important for oil and gas projects. Furthermore, the companies in the oil and gas industry in Bahrain have to pay more attention to their project management methodologies and get it evolved and improved over time to achieve higher project success rates.

The case for early post-vasectomy semen analysis combining small non-motile sperm and azoospermia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Jane Hendry ◽  
Robert Small ◽  
Abdullah Zreik ◽  
Niamh Smyth ◽  
Joby Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: Post-vasectomy semen analysis timing and criteria guidelines have evolved over time. Through analysis of our unit’s practice of post-vasectomy semen analysis from earlier sampling protocols at 8 weeks to single sampling at 12 weeks then 16 weeks, the impact on success rates and patient compliance were assessed. In addition, the use of small numbers of non-motile sperm and azoospermia combined rates as a marker of sterility were examined. Methods: All patients who underwent vasectomy in 2011 (8 and 12-week samples), 2013 (12-week samples) and 2016 (16-week samples) were included. Patients were given written and verbal instructions explaining the sample delivery protocol and samples. χ2 Testing was used to compare patient compliance and the results of post-vasectomy semen analysis with significance set at P<0.05. Results: In total 1124 vasectomies were performed, with 21% ( N=232) of patients non-compliant with submitting samples at the requested time period. Azoospermia rates increased with a longer time to post-vasectomy semen analysis from 82% to 95%, P<0.001; however, declining compliance meant the proportion of patients given clearance remained the same (70% vs. 68%, P=0.32). Rates of small non-motile sperm declined over an increasing time to post-vasectomy semen analysis. Therefore combined azoospermia and small non-motile sperm rates remained stable over an increasing sampling time (95% vs. 99%, P=0.39). Conclusion: The use of earlier post-vasectomy semen analysis is recommended as patient compliance decreases with the time from vasectomy. When azoospermia and small non-motile sperm rates are combined the rates of success of the procedure remain the same over time therefore earlier testing at 8 weeks is feasible without compromising clearance rates. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this single centre audit.

scholarly journals Impact of Age and Gender on Bleeding Score in Type 1 VWD Using the ISTH-BAT

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1510-1510
Author(s):  
Pamela A Christopherson ◽  
Veronica H Flood ◽  
Kenneth D. Friedman ◽  
Joan Cox Gill ◽  
Sandra L Haberichter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Adolescent Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Bleeding Score ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The ISTH Bleeding Assessment Tool (ISTH-BAT) was introduced in 2010 to improve on the earlier BATs and in particular to have greater accuracy in the pediatric and female population by including additional questions for neonatal bleeding and menorrhagia. The recently published cut off for positive or abnormal bleeding score (BS) is ≥ 4 in adult males, ≥ 6 in adult females and ≥ 3 in children. Here we examine the use of the ISTH-BAT in type 1 VWD and its ability to better characterize bleeding in females and children as well as the impact of menorrhagia on bleeding scores in females during aging. We analyzed 323 Index Cases (IC) and 482 Affected Family Members (AFM) enrolled in the Zimmerman Program for the Molecular and Clinical Biology of VWD (ZPMCB-VWD) with a phenotypic diagnosis of type 1 (including type 1, type 1C, type 1-severe, and low VWF). Bleeding symptoms were quantified using three different scoring systems (MCMDM-1, PBQ and ISTH-BAT), however the BS results in this analysis focus on the ISTH-BAT. Subjects were categorized by the following age groups: infant (0-2), child (3-12), adolescent (13-17), young adult (18-35), middle age (36-55), older adult (>55). Mean BS were slightly higher in both infant and child-aged males (4.5 and 4.6) compared to females (1.8 and 4.4), but the difference is not significant (p= 0.2828 and 0.5455). Higher bleeding scores in infant males were due in part to neonatal bleeding score from circumcision (13.6% of neonatal cases). The most reported bleeding symptoms in infant and child-aged males were cutaneous bleeding (61.0%), epistaxis (52.5%) and oral bleeding (25.4%). Females of this age group also presented with similar symptoms of cutaneous bleeding (64.4%), epistaxis (54.2%) and oral bleeding (30.5%). Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in total BS between adolescent males and females (mean 5.0 and 5.65, p= 0.4607). The frequency of reported bleeding symptoms in adolescent males was due to epistaxis (69.6%), cutaneous bleeding (43.5%), and minor wound bleeding (39.1%), while adolescent females reported menorrhagia (80.3%), cutaneous bleeding (65.6%), minor wound bleeding (64.4%) and epistaxis (32.8%). Bleeding symptoms reported by adults (≥18) varied by gender with males most often reporting cutaneous bleeding (50.0%), epistaxis (42.9%), oral bleeding (42.9%) and surgery (39.3%), whereas females suffered from menorrhagia (85.9%), cutaneous bleeding (80.4%), epistaxis (42.4%), minor wound bleeding (38.0%), and bleeding following tooth extractions (34.8%). Female IC (n=212) and AFM (n=280) both showed a gradual increase of BS over time (2.8 and 1.2 points per decade) whereas the BS is relatively flat over time for male IC and AFM. Analysis of female unaffected family members (n=759) showed a similar increase of BS with age (1 point per decade). To show the contribution of female specific bleeding to the overall score, we calculated a modified BS removing the menorrhagia and postpartum subscores. Interestingly, the modified BS also increased over time suggesting that other bleeding symptoms contribute to female bleeding as they age. In summary, we have shown the utility of the ISTH-BAT to characterize the bleeding in our type 1 VWD, particularly in infants and females. Infant and child-aged subjects with type 1 VWD do not show any significant difference in BS between males and females and they report similar bleeding symptoms of cutaneous bleeding, epistaxis and oral bleeding. While adolescent males and females have similar total BS, their type of bleeding symptoms vary. The BS in adult females continues to increase with age, however menorrhagia and postpartum bleeding are not the only the contributors, suggesting that there are other bleeding symptoms that account for the gradual increase of BS in females over time. Disclosures Friedman: Alexion: Speakers Bureau; Octapharma: Consultancy; Biogen Idec: Consultancy; CSL Behring: Consultancy.

The Effects of Registration Laws on Voter Turnout

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Knee ◽  
Donald P. Green
Keyword(s):  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Closing Date ◽  
Registration Laws ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This chapter uses new data and more up-to-date statistical models to reevaluate the effects of closing date and Election Day registration (EDR) on voter turnout. It discusses alternative modeling strategies of registration deadlines and takes a fresh look at the impact of closing dates and EDR during the period 1980–2006. In particular, the chapter explores the consequences of changing the analytic focus from cross-sectional comparisons of different states at a given point in time to cross-temporal comparisons of each state over time. In comparison to earlier studies, this chapter suggests that closing dates and Election Day registration have limited effects on turnout.

scholarly journals Importance of Voting at the Municipal Level: The Seniors’ Voices

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomé Vallette
Keyword(s):  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Electoral Behaviour ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Better Than

While municipal elections in Quebec are characterized by low voter turnout, it appears that people over 65 years old are the ones who vote in higher numbers. In fact, this is the case for both federal and provincial elections. However, the lack of individual data on municipal elections does not yet allow us to say that seniors vote more than younger people. This finding invites political scientists to look at the electoral behaviour of individual voters and the importance attached to the act of voting at this level of government. In addition, the majority of studies on elections focus on the behaviours of voters living in large cities such as Montreal or Quebec City. In Quebec, the few studies that have looked at medium size municipality voting behaviour have mainly studied the cities of Quebec City, but not Montreal. Based on 19 interviews conducted with people aged between 65 and 84 and living in one medium size cities, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, our research illustrates the importance of the exercise of a duty, the access to political information, the proximity of electoral behaviour and the influential role of seniors. According to participants, it is easier to talk to municipal candidates and get to know the person who will become their official representative, compared to the provincial and federal levels where it is more difficult to talk to candidates. Also, their knowledge of the municipal political system is better than when they were younger. While voting is similarly important at each level of government, participants felt that voting at the municipal level is directly relevant to them because of the municipal services but also by the influence they can have on their councillor.

A Megamayor for All People? Voting Behaviour and Electoral Success in the 1997 Toronto Municipal Election

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Stanwick
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The People ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Electoral Behaviour ◽  
Municipal Election ◽  
The Relationship

Case studies of municipal elections hold little appeal for students of local government. Recent scholarship for the most part has focused on gender or the election of councillors, but studies of mayoral contests are virtually non–existent. This is somewhat surprising, considering the constituent size of several large Canadian municipalities where local government leaders are directly elected. If indeed local government is the level closest to the people, a study of municipal electoral behaviour in large cities can provide insights about the relationship between local politicians and the electorate.

scholarly journals A diversidade confirma seu voto: candidaturas transexuais, folkcomunicação e representação política

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (42) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Nelson Toledo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Political Representation ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Gender Policies ◽  
Communication Policies ◽  
Political Disputes

A proposta deste artigo é refletir sobre os espaços ocupados pelas candidaturas transexuais nas últimas eleições municipais de 2020, no Brasil, correlacionando folkcomunicação, representação política e minorias. Apesar do êxito eleitoral de uma parcela ainda pequena desse segmento em todo o país, com destaque maior nas grandes metrópoles, os (as) transexuais reforçam suas políticas de gênero e abrem novos campos de disputas políticas, como nunca vistos na sociedade brasileira. Nessa perspectiva, o trabalho aponta como a visibilidade midiática potencializa as políticas de comunicação afirmativas da identidade transexual, o que vem possibilitando leituras plurais da sociedade, abrindo novos espaços e democratizando a representação política. Folkcomunicação; Representação política; Minoria; Transexuais. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the spaces occupied by transsexual candidates in the last municipal elections of 2020, in Brazil, correlating folk communication, political representation and minorities. Despite the electoral success of a still small portion of this segment across the country, with greater prominence in large cities, transsexuals reinforce their gender policies and open up new fields of political disputes, as never before seen in Brazilian society. In this perspective, the work points out how media visibility enhances affirmative communication policies for transsexual identity, which have enabled plural readings of society, opening new spaces and democratizing political representation. Folkcommunication; Political Representation; Minorities; Transsexuals. El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los espacios ocupados por los candidatos transexuales en las últimas elecciones municipales de 2020, en Brasil, correlacionando folkcomunicación, representación política y minorías. A pesar del éxito electoral de una porción aún pequeña de este segmento en todo el país, con mayor protagonismo en las grandes ciudades, los transexuales refuerzan sus políticas de género y abren nuevos campos de disputa política, como nunca antes se había visto en la sociedad brasileña. En esta perspectiva, el trabajo señala cómo la visibilidad mediática potencia las políticas de comunicación afirmativa para la identidad transexual, que han permitido lecturas plurales de la sociedad, abriendo nuevos espacios y democratizando la representación política. Folkcomunicación; Representación Política; Minorías; Transexuales.

The Therapist’s Reaction to a Patient’s Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Martin Wurst ◽  
Isabella Kunz ◽  
Gregory Skipper ◽  
Manfred Wolfersdorf ◽  
Karl H. Beine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Retrospective Nature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Background: A substantial proportion of therapists experience the loss of a patient to suicide at some point during their professional life. Aims: To assess (1) the impact of a patient’s suicide on therapists distress and well-being over time, (2) which factors contribute to the reaction, and (3) which subgroup might need special interventions in the aftermath of suicide. Methods: A 63-item questionnaire was sent to all 185 Psychiatric Clinics at General Hospitals in Germany. The emotional reaction of therapists to patient’s suicide was measured immediately, after 2 weeks, and after 6 months. Results: Three out of ten therapists suffer from severe distress after a patients’ suicide. The item “overall distress” immediately after the suicide predicts emotional reactions and changes in behavior. The emotional responses immediately after the suicide explained 43.5% of the variance of total distress in a regression analysis. Limitations: The retrospective nature of the study is its primary limitation. Conclusions: Our data suggest that identifying the severely distressed subgroup could be done using a visual analog scale for overall distress. As a consequence, more specific and intensified help could be provided to these professionals.

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

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