scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF SMALL SCALE DAIRY SHEEP PRODUCERS’ DECISIONS TO USE MIDDLEMEN FOR ACCESSING MARKETS AND GETTING LOANS IN DRY MARGINAL AREAS IN SYRIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-457
Author(s):  
MALIKA ABDELALI-MARTINI ◽  
BOUBAKER DHEHIBI ◽  
ADEN AW-HASSAN
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Heckman Model ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

SUMMARYThe paper describes value chain actors and institutional arrangements along value chains, and identifies major determinants of farmers’ decision making to work with middlemen/traders ‘jabbans’ (or cheese makers), and based on those identify short implications for research, development and policy processes. We hypothesize that small-scale sheep producers are more dependent on middlemen for market and loans than larger holders, leading to welfare losses. Our empirical findings based on a Heckman model applied for 120 farming households conducted in Khanasser region (Syria) show that despite unequal benefits, local arrangements are more blessing than curse for the poor. Small-scale sheep producers and middlemen developed intricate institutional arrangements that are mutually beneficial. Producers act collectively to pool sufficient quantity of milk to be attractive to traders (jabban) while gaining access to market and cash loans mainly for feed. This provides the middlemen needed supplies with reduced transaction costs. This suggests that development organizations should support local capacity of producing organizations to work together, small-scale producers to organize, develop small scale dairy processing workshops for pooling and possibly processing milk, support training for direct market access and facilitate access to loans. Finally, supporting organizations such as rural financial services and micro-finance need to ensure up-to-date market information is available to ensure fair prices are paid. They should also be able to negotiate favourable conditions for loans and reach out to these resource-poor rural populations where formal credit systems are absent.

scholarly journals The Small-Scale Dairy Value Chain Analysis: Challenges And Opportunities For Dairy Development In Mymensingh District Of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Rahman ◽  
FA Happy ◽  
AH Efan ◽  
MHR Hera
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Chain Map ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

This study examined the prevailing dairy value chain based on primary data collected from 70 small-scale milk producers of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. The total cost and net return per month per cow were Tk. 4024.30 and Tk. 3165.70, respectively. The net value additions of Tk. 2091.42, Tk. 495.00, Tk. 655.00, Tk. 503.25, Tk. 309.70 were estimated for milk producers, collectors, Faria, Bepari and retailers respectively. Different actors spent highest marketing cost ranged from Tk.49 to Tk.80 for transportation compared to other marketing functions. Actors mostly dependent on the on-going market prices for setting price of milk in the value chain. A value chain map was developed showing the relationships and linkages among value chain actors of small-scale dairy. The study identified some critical factors for successful dairy marketing. The factors were understanding consumer behaviour, technology and transportation, improved business relationships, reduced transaction costs, and improved information flow, and organized market structure. Milk producer’s share in consumers’ price was highest for channel- I followed by channel- V. Expensive, inadequate, low quality feed, lack of grazing land, green grass, inadequate capital, knowledge about cost of production, weak extension services, high fees and unavailability of veterinary doctors, were some of the major problems of milk producers. Supply of adequate feed at subsidized price, ensuring easy access to institutional credit at a lower interest rate, adequate medicine and veterinary services, allocation of khas land for producing fodder/grass, were suggested to solve the problems. SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 213-226 (2019)

scholarly journals ANALISIS VALUE CHAIN SYSTEM DAN STRATEGY PEMASARAN RUMPUT LAUT DI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGGARA (Analyze Value Chain System and Seaweed Marketing Strategy in North East Maluku District)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Ngabalin
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Strategy Formulation ◽  
Chain System ◽  
North East ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Potential land in Southeast Maluku regency, Maluku Province, is one of the means in the seaweed cultivation and production. Additionally, as most people work as fishermen, theireconomic situation is getting improved although it is not yetin accordance with the target of maximum achievement at the level of life necessities. To increase the production and marketing of seaweed, this study usedthe Value Chain System which analyzedmain activities include the process of Nurseries, Operations, Logistics and phase of marketing and sales which are supported by Infrastructure, Human Resource Management, and Development of Seaweed Technology. In the description of the Value Chain, theanalysisof added-valuewas also performed on each main actor with a value of Rp. 288 to fishermen, Rp. 550 to Small Scale Traders, and Rp.850 to LargeScale Traders. The determination of the marketing strategy using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) produced the alternative marketing strategies in strategy formulation. It was concluded based on internal and external factors in the seaweed production and marketing processes. In this context, the analysis of the value chain system was critical to improve the market access and to ensure a more efficient flow of products, as well asto ensure that all actors benefit proportionally, according to their contributions.Keywords: Value Chain, Seaweed Marketing, SWOT

scholarly journals The Socio-Economics Dynamics at Distribution of Small Scale Bananas Comodity in West Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasih Vidiastuti Sholihah ◽  
Rilus A. Kinseng ◽  
Satyawan Sunito
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
West Java ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Relationship Capital ◽  
Cooperation Relationship

<p>ABSTRACT<br />The pattern of the commercial banana farm rise the socio-economic dynamics in the value chain banana distribution. In West Java, the exposure to market information make banana farmers get access to the market directly but they have to encounter a domination of big seller (Bandar). This study aimed to analize the types of value chain and the relationships among the actors. This research was conducted in Cugenang, Cianjur, West Java by using qualitative methods of case approach. The results showed seven types of value chain in the banana distribution among the farmers to the consumer which realization the cooperation relationship of information flow, production inputs, and finance. The chain was build based on kinship, relationship farmer groups, relationship capital, and direct access to the market. Farmers related to middlemen for sorting and packing bananas, while relations with Bandar done by middlemen in capital bond. Farmer groups member had relationship with marketers group (BPK) which do grading the quality of bananas. Relations with capital loans bonding between farmer-middleman-Bandar made value chain grew longer and farmers increasingly passive in determining the price. Competition occured between sections of middlemen at the local level because of the dominance Bandar who controlled the market access. BPK independently sell commodities had compete with Bandar who has a network of cooperation in the middleman.<br />Keywords: actor, competition, coorperation, market, value chain</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Pola pertanian pisang yang komersil memunculkan dinamika hubungan sosial-ekonomi dalam rantai nilai pendistribusian pisang. Di Jawa Barat, terbukanya informasi mengenai pasar membuat petani pisang mendapatkan akses langsung ke pasar namun masih terdapat dominasi penguasa modal besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis value chain (rantai nilai) dan relasi antar aktor pada sistem rantai nilai dalam pemasaran komoditas pisang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode kualitatif yaitu studi kasus di Kecamatan Cugenang, Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tujuh tipe value chain pada distribusi pisang antara petani sampai ke konsumen akhir yang merupakan perwujudan relasi kerjasama aliran informasi, input produksi, dan keuangan. Rantai tersebut dibangun berdasarkan hubungan kekerabatan, hubungan kelompok tani, hubungan permodalan, dan akses langsung ke pasar. Petani berelasi dengan tengkulak dalam hal sortir dan packing, sedangkan relasi dengan Bandar dilakukan oleh tengkulak dengan ikatan modal. Kelompok tani yang masih aktif menjalin relasi dengan bagian pemasar kelompok (BPK) yang melakukan grading kualitas pisang. Relasi ikatan pinjaman modal antara petani-tengkulak-bandar menjadikan rantai nilai semakin panjang dan petani semakin pasif dalam menentukan harga. Persaingan terjadi antar bagian tengkulak pada tingkat lokal daerah karena dominasi akses pasar luar dikuasai oleh Bandar pisang. BPK yang menjual komoditasnya secara mandiri harus bersaing dengan dominasi Bandar yang memiliki jaringan kerjasama di tengkulak.<br />Kata kunci: aktor, kerjasama, persaingan, relasi, value chain</p>

scholarly journals Can Innovation Platforms (IPs) Improve Rural Women Participation in Maize Value Chain? Evidence from the Eastern DR Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulin Njingulula Mumbeya ◽  
Paul Kande Matungula ◽  
Kenneth Kefa Masuki ◽  
Marc Schut ◽  
Chris Okafor
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Average Earning ◽  
Matching Score ◽  
Innovation Platform

This study explored the potential of the Innovation Platform approach, in improving the participation of rural female farmers in Maize value chain. It intends to identify the peculiarities, in terms of challenges and opportunities related to its application to the rural women realities. The study collected data from 120 small scale maize producers in South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from 2015 to 2017, using individual interview and focus group discussion (FGD) for data confirmation. Data was analyzed using the Average Effect of Treatment of treated (ATT) and the propensity matching score to assess the effect of IP approach on rural women, who were randomly selected to participate in an innovation platform composed solely of women (100%) against those participating in a mixed innovation platform, made of 70% of men. The results show that the Innovation platform approach allowed women to address their basic challenges and improve their participation in the maize value chain.  Average individual income from participation to the Innovation Platform increased from $ 100 to $ 300 per cropping season and the average earning of a women in a platform made of women solely was $552.6 higher than that of women participating in mixed platform $432.4. We hypothesized that the main benefits from the female IP would be increased maize yields. However, the analysis shows that although yield increased, the main effect was due to improved market access provided by the IP." The implementation of the innovation platform process encountered several challenges, in particular: building a consensus when the interests of the groups in place have proven to be divergent, the barrier of social consideration (social stereotype), inability of smallholder’s farmers to learn quickly and fully play expected role, the traditional culture of learning, visioning the process. Despite these challenges, IPs offered small-scale maize producers many technical, organizational and material opportunities, including income generation, access to inputs and to lucrative markets, acquisition of diversified knowledge and skills, ability to work in a commercial environment, benefiting from the services of experts, accessing new sources of financing, they could not benefit otherwise. These findings imply that to be effective for rural women, an innovation platform should include individuals with no wide social disparity and diversify the sources of income, including livestock and others off farm activities

Rice Production and Processing in Ogun State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 188-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans S. C. Osabuohien ◽  
Uchechukwu E. Okorie ◽  
Romanus A. Osabohien
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Government

This chapter examines the importance of indigenous institutional arrangements in rice production and processing activities in Ogun State, Nigeria through the use of key informant interviews (KIIs). Analyses from the study show that agricultural financing constitutes the greatest challenge that affects rice production and processing. Other findings from the discourse reveal that in some rice producing areas where there is the existence of rice farmers' clusters, there is access to modern rice processing machines such as winnowers, threshers, and destoners. The operations of Rice Growers Association of Nigeria (RGAN) in Ogun State are coordinated by the executive committee, which constitute the indigenous institutional arrangement. This chapter recommends that sincere and concerted efforts on the part of the government in implementing the goals of agricultural transformation agenda be made to engender the welfare of rice farmers through the development of the rice value chain. The need for actively involving the rice farmers through the RGAN is also germane. The opportunities identified in the study include: having “pool of land” RGAN that enables the rice farmers to form clusters and increase production, creating platform through which the rice growers could leverage to facilitate access to inputs and technical support, and gaining of visibility and market access to enhance returns on their farming endeavours.

Appraisal and Monitoring of Small-Scale Dairy Goat Production System

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Y. Mena ◽  
F.A. Ruiz ◽  
R. Gutiérrez ◽  
J.M. Castel
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

Use of information and communication technologies in small-scale dairy production systems in central Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-779
Author(s):  
Juan de Dios García-Villegas ◽  
Anastacio García-Martínez ◽  
Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán ◽  
Monica Elizama Ruiz-Torres ◽  
Adolfo Armando Rayas-Amor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

AbstractThe objective of the study was to characterize small-scale dairy production systems to identify the technological preferences according to the farmer and farm characteristics and to analyze the importance and role of the information communication technologies (ICTs) in the dissemination of information related to management and livestock activities. To collect the data, a survey was applied to 170 small-scale dairy farmers from central Mexico. To characterize the farms, a factor analysis (FA) and cluster analysis (CA) were performed. To compare and identify differences between groups, a Kruskal–Wallis test was conducted. Four factors that explain 70.93% of the accumulated variance were identified; these factors explain the use of technology, production characteristics, social connections, and use of ICTs. The cluster analysis identified four groups. Group 1 was integrated by farmers with more experience and the largest farms. Group 2 had higher studies and use of ICTs. Group 3 was formed by young farmers but had a low use of technology. Group 4 contained older farmers with a low use of technology. The young farmers with higher studies have begun to incorporate ICTs into their daily activities on the farm, as observed in Group 2. Smartphones were the most used and were considered important by the farmers of the four groups, since they enable interaction with other farmers and the dissemination of topics of interest related with the farm. In conclusion, four group of farmers were differentiated; therefore, different extension approaches should be implemented to take into account the preferences and the technologies considered most important for each group. The ICTs are emerging technologies among small-scale dairy farmers to communicate information related to livestock management, mainly by young farmers with studies of secondary, as observed in Group 2.

Farmer Producer Company: India’s Magic Bullet to Realise Select SDGs?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522199166
Author(s):  
Mamta Mourya ◽  
Madhavi Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Magic Bullet ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Professional Management ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Existing Form ◽  
Method Approach

Sustainable development goals (SDGs) are designed for the betterment of the underprivileged and the marginalised. Some of the sub-goals target doubling agricultural productivity and incomes of the small-scale food producers to realise the SDGs. Access to land, technology, inputs and financial services, opportunities for value addition and markets, non-farm employment and effective and transparent institutions that ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels are assumed to be the means to that end. Based on the Alagh Committee report’s recommendations, to address the voids in the existing form of collectives, producer company as a new legal option was introduced in 2003 by amending the Companies Act. This new form of collective is expected to combine efficiency and professional management of the company form and the cooperative principles necessitating ownership and participation of and governance by producers. This study takes a mixed-method approach. It qualitatively inquires about member’s perception of roles farmer producer companies (FPCs) play in their lives and livelihood. With the help of performance data from five FPCs, this study elaborates on the promises this form holds in realising some of the SDGs and challenges FPCs facing that could make achieving these promises a distant dream.

Cost analysis and economic optimization of small-scale dairy production systems in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 104028
Author(s):  
Jesús Armando Salinas-Martínez ◽  
Rodolfo Rogelio Posadas-Domínguez ◽  
Leydi Diana Morales-Díaz ◽  
Samuel Rebollar-Rebollar ◽  
Rolando Rojo-Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Small Scale Dairy
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