The Waqf of Muhammad Bey Abu Al-Dhahab in Historical Perspective

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Crecelius
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Agricultural Lands

Whoever builds a mosque for God, even like the nest of a bird to lay her eggs, God will build for him an abode in paradise.1.In 1774, the Mamluk shaykh al-balad Muhammad Bey Abu al-Dhahab began the construction of a large mosque-madrasa-takiyya in one of central Cairo's prime locations. The complex bearing the name of the donor lies within a rough triangle formed by the main gate of al-Azhar, the Khan al-Zarakisha, and the wikāla of the 16th-century Mamluk ruler Qansuh al-Ghawri and forms the most important part of Muhammad Bey's waqf. Extensive agricultural lands and urban properties were included in the waqf by the donor to support the personnel of the mosque, school, and rakiyya, to pay for the religious activities stipulated by the terms of the waqf, and for the upkeep of the buildings.

scholarly journals The Concept of “Internal Colonization” and Its Application in a Comparative Analysis of (Post)Soviet States

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Rasa Čepaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Political System ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Internal Colonization

This article discusses a direction of sociocultural studies – the cultural history of natural resources – and the possibilities of its application in examining the causes of inequality and social exclusion in post-Soviet Lithuania. This theoretical-methodological approach assumes a strong interdependence shared between the extraction of natural resources, a state’s political system and institutions as well as certain sociocultural provisions. In exploring the concept of “internal colonization,” developed by historian of culture Alexander Etkind and other authors, this article sets guidelines for a comparative analysis of the sociopolitical structure of post-Soviet countries (especially Russia and Lithuania). Some initial hypotheses regarding the trends, differences, and similarities of post-Soviet societies in the long historical perspective, from the 16th century up to our time, are presented for further analysis. This article concludes that this methodological approach could be sufficiently promising in explaining the specifics of the socioeconomic development of independent Lithuania, in particular by applying the hypothesis of a “secondary internal colonization,” which has been raised during the course of the investigation.

WORK AND GLOBALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 560-561 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Witold Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
Scientific Revolutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Ecological ◽  
Different Parts

My aims are to analyze some aspects of work and globalization in historical perspective with the intention to better understand challenges of the recent 30-40 years of the neoliberal globalization. After the trade globalization which had connected the world in the 16th century, came the industrial one with decisive transformation of the sphere of work, for example, sending the agriculture to the margins. The globalization after 1945 is more complex, although based on technological-scientific revolutions, it has other important dimensions: geopolitical, economic (financial), social-cultural, ecological, and some of them have disturbing ramifications for the field of work. Among them I discuss the Trump rejection of neoliberal globalization which exported millions of workplaces from USA to China, the end of middle class and populist reactions. The world of work is full of uncertainty, but it looks different in different parts of the globe.

From Lullus to Cognitive Semantics

1998 ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolgang Wildgen
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Memory System ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Field Linguistics ◽  
Kurt Lewin ◽  
Work Done

The domain of cognitive semantics-insofar as it deals with semantic neighborhood and semantic fields-is discussed from a historical perspective. I choose four distinct stages in the evolution in philosophy of language: Raymundus Lullus and his Ars Magna (14th century); Giodano Bruno and his artificial memory system (16th century); Charles Sanders Peirce and his diagrammatic logic (19th century); and, Kurt Lewin and his topological psychology (20th century). Their proposals furnish steps toward a kind of space-oriented model of semantic neighborhood and semantic fields. Linguistic developments since 1920 (field linguistics) and more recently in cognitive semantics are compared to the evolution in the frame of philosophy as put forth above. The result is that we criticize cognitive semantics insofar as the field does not reflect the philosophical work done since Raymundus Lullus, which is highly relevant for contemporary cognitive science.

scholarly journals Kilka uwag o pleonazmach i tautologiach z perspektywy historyka języka

2021 ◽  
pp. 468-477
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Janowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Entire History

Some remarks about pleonasms and tautologies from the point of view of a historian of language Summary The problems associated with redundance constitute an object of interest among the researchers of the modern Polish language. From the point of view of a historian, all of these problems are, or perhaps “should be” crucial, for redundance is a conditio which facilitates the existence of such an entity as language – in time. However, a historical perspective which could demonstrate at least the scale of this phenomenon in the entire history of the Polish language heretofore has not been provided. The article is devoted to instances of pleonasm and tautological structures, their variability and stability. As it turns out, many of them are relatively permanent; they have functioned in the Polish language for centuries. Even though they have received criticism in e.g. dictionaries of modern Polish usage, treated as erroneous in various teaching-related publications, they continue to appear in the spoken language and in texts which represent various styles, e.g: w dniu dzisiejszym (which has been a part of the Polish lexicon since at least the 16th century), cofać się do tyłu, miesiąc kwiecień etc. This fact prompts us to re-evaluate their status.

scholarly journals TRADISI PENGAJIAN KITAB TURÂTS MELAYU- ARAB DI PULAU SERIBU MASJID DAN SERIBU PESANTREN, LOMBOK, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-258
Author(s):  
Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Society

This paper focuses on the recitation and preservation of Arab- Malay Turast book reviews in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, which clas- sified into four sections: 1) Recitals ( Khalaqah ) 2) Public preaching from The Majelis Dakwah (Islamic Da’wa council) and The Para Tuan Guru’s ( Asâtiz) focused group studies ( Majelis Taklim ). 3) Formal material stud- ies at Islamic boarding schools ( pesantren ) 4) Reading of Malay Islamic books by commoner in several religious activities. This study is signifi- cant because, The Arabic-Malay books are considered as a treasure for the Archipelago and yet, it is starting to fade among the Malay Islamic society. This also seen from the more and more lack of interest in speak- ing and writing using Arab-Malay language. Unlike the era of 18-19 cen- tury, where Arabic-Malay is considered as the most important language among the Malay communities, since it was used in communication and media literacy. The most prominent stretch of the Malay Literacy could be seen in the 14th to 16th century where many books are translated, composed or adapted into several languages, includes Malay, Javanese, Sundanese, Bugis and many others. In fact, some Islamic Indonesian au- thors also re-wrote the books with similar style and content closed to the original book. Moreover, the tradition of reading and reviewing Islamic Malay books have long taken place in the midst of society. It was both read on the public preaching or individually, such as the research of the Sabilal Muhtadin fiqh’s book by Syeikh Arsyad Banjar; Kitab Perukunan Ibadah Doa dan Zikr (worship, praying and remembrance), Hidayatus Salikin on Sufism; Fiqh’s and Sufism’s Al-Muhtadi Masa’ilah which is also commonly used in nyaer form (reading the Arab-Malay books in a singsong manner); Qishashul Anbiya ; Kifayah al-Muhtaj; Nur Muhammad , and the story of the Husain bin Ali’s killing.

scholarly journals Dinamika haji Indonesia sejak era kolonial dan problematika calon haji ilegal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Moh. Rosyid
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Strong Suspicion ◽  
Dutch Colonial

The number of Indonesian pilgrims every year is increasing. On the other hand, the allocation of the number of pilgrims to be dispatched is limited by the quota. This triggers the waiting list and the share of various hajj efforts despite the violation of the law. However, not pilgrims know that pilgrimage using other country’s passport is a violation of Law No. 12 of 2006 on Citizenship and possible losing of one's nationality. From historical perspective, Muslims’ pilgrim dated back from the 16th century. At that time, there was strong suspicion that upon returning from pilgrimage, Muslims tend to be “rebellious” and initiated movement against the Dutch colonial government. Thus, the Dutch made a strict regulation concerning the Hajj and scrutinized Muslims before pilgrimage, while staying in Mecca and after their return. Among the movement against the Dutch led by Muslim upon returning the Hajj was the Padri movement. Nowadays, the number of Muslims who intend to go Hajj is rising significantly, and the waiting list goes for 15 to 20 years. The long list caused some people to find a way to go for Hajj including manipulation of citizenship documents, such as using passport of other countries. In respond to this situation, the government tries to negotiate with the Saudi government to increase the Hajj quota for Indonesians. Another effort is borrowing the remaining quota of neighboring countries. There is also suggestion to close the Hajj registration for some time and the need to revise the Hajj Law.

scholarly journals Islamisasi dan Pola Adat Masyarakat Gorontalo dalam Perspektif Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Darwis Une
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Patterns

Sebelum kedatangan bangsa kolonial, Gorontalo merupakan kawasan Indonesia timur yang memiliki dan menyimpan sumber sejarah yang sangat penting dan belum banyak diteliti oleh sejarawan baik lokal maupun nasional. Sumber sejarah yang belum banyak disentuh oleh peneliti antara lain sejarah masuknya agama Islam atau Islamiassi di Gorontalo. Islamisasi ini dalam perspektif sejarah kebudayaan Islam memiliki makna dan arti penting dalam pembentukan pola-pola adat serta budaya dalam masyarakat Gorontalo. Tentu warisan dan peninggalan para leluhur terdahulu memiliki nilai historis sehingga menarik untuk diteliti oelh peneliti sejarah kebudayaan Islam. Informasi tentang masa lampau masyarakat Gorontalo yang dapat dipandang sangat relevan, baik dalam kehidupan masyarakat maupun untuk kepentingan pendidikan adalah informasi tentang Islamisasi Gorontalo pada awal abad ke-16 M. Islamisasi ke Gorontalo dengan latar belakang budayanya memberi corak dan pengaruh yang besar pada pola-pola adat istiadat masyarakat setempat.   Prior to the arrival of the colonial nation, Gorontalo was an area of ​​eastern Indonesia that had and deviated from very important historical sources and had not been widely studied by historians, both local and national. Historical sources that have not been widely explored by researchers include the history of the entry of Islam or Islamiassi in Gorontalo. This Islamization in the historical perspective of Islamic culture has meaning and significance in the formation of traditional patterns and cultures with Islamic nuances for the Gorontalo people. Of course, as a legacy and heritage of previous ancestors and has historical value, it is really interesting for researchers, especially researchers in the history of Islamic culture. Information about the past of the Gorontalo people which can be seen as very relevant, both in public life and for educational purposes, is information about the Islamization of this area in the early 16th century AD. Islamization to Gorontalo with its cultural background gave a great style and influence on local customs and traditions.

Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, MS Peniarth 12

Insular Books ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Marx
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Middle English ◽  
English Language ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
National Library ◽  
Medieval Manuscripts ◽  
Welsh Language ◽  
History Of

Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, MS Peniarth 12 is a predominantly Welsh-language miscellany that also contains texts in Middle English and Latin. On folio 79v is the inscription ‘Llyfr Hugh Evans yw hwn Anno 1583’, that is ‘This is Hugh Evans’s book, in the year 1583’. As a miscellany the manuscript is of interest as much for what it suggests about the process of compilation as for its contents, for while it is in one sense of the late 16th century, a number of significant parts are gatherings from medieval manuscripts, both Welsh and English. The evidence of the process of compilation that the manuscript yields has much to suggest about the interplay between Welsh-language and English-language culture over a broad historical perspective, and this raises questions about the linguistic and cultural history of medieval and early modern Wales.

Nicasius Ellebodius and the “otium litterarum” The Vicissitudes of a Flemish Humanist in Pozsony (1571–77)

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Áron Orbán
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Academic Elite ◽  
Res Publica

Abstract This study reviews Nicasius Ellebodius’s Pozsony (today: Bratislava) period (1571–77) from a biographical and intellectual historical perspective. Ellebodius (1535–1577) was a Flemish philologist of vast erudition, one of the finest Graecists of his day. His biography and character are much less discussed in scholarship than his works, although his letters provide us with invaluable information about his life, as well as about the participation of the academic elite of 16th-century Hungary in the international res publica litteraria. The article will revisit the problem of how far he could realize the otium litterarum that he yearned for so much, and what challenges he had to face in his everyday life in Pozsony.

WORK AND GLOBALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1 (ang)) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
WITOLD MORAWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
General Public ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
Scientific Revolutions ◽  
Work Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

This paper aims at analysing some aspects of work and globalization from historical perspective with an intention to better understand neoliberal globalization challenges of the last 30–40 years. The trade globalization, which united the world in the 16th century, was followed by the industrial globalization with decisive transformation of the work area, for instance, marginalizing the agriculture. The post-1945 globalization is more complex, although based on technological-scientific revolutions, it is characterized by other important dimensions: geopolitical, economic (financial), socio-cultural, environmental, and some of them have disturbing consequences for the work area. Among them I discuss the President Trump’s rejection of neoliberal globalization, which resulted in the “export” of millions of jobs from USA to China, the collapse of the middle class and populist reactions of the general public and in the world of politics. Meanwhile the work area is full of uncertainty, but the situation is different in different parts of the world.

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