International Telecommunication Union

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-268
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
International Service ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Operational Methods

The seventh plenary assembly of the International Telegraph Consultative Committee (CCIT) of the International Telecommunication Union met in Arnhem, Netherlands, from June 5 through 13, 1953, under the chairmanship of Mr. van der Toorn (Netherlands). Most of the work of the session was carried on in study groups on the following subjects: 1) general telegraphy, 2) technical aspects of the establishment, operation and maintenance of telegraph channels, 3) technical aspects of telegraph apparatus, 4) vocabulary, symbols and classification, 5) phototelegraphy and facsimile, 6) technical aspects of switching in the service of start-stop apparatus, 7) European telegraph network operated by start-stop apparatus, 8) operational methods and quality of service, 9) services offered to users and rates other than telex rates, and 10) international service of telegraph subscribers and rates for such service. At the request of the Buenos Aires Plenipotentiary Conference of ITU, CCIT considered the possibility of amalgamating itself with the International Telephone Consultative Committee (CCIF) and concluded, by a vote of 16 to 11 with 1 abstention, that such a course would not serve the best interests of ITU. CCIT decided to hold its eighth plenary assembly in Geneva in the first half of 1956.

International Telecommunication Union

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-552
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Operation ◽  
International Service ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Carrier Systems

The seventeenth Plenary Assembly of the International Telephone Consultative Committee (CCIF) was held in Geneva from October 4 to 12, 1954, under the chairmanship of Mr. Wettstein (Switzerland). Delegates from 36 countries attended the Assembly, which in pursuance of a resolution of the Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) held at Buenos Aires in 1952, considered the possible amalgamation of the CCIF and the International Telegraph Consultative Committee (CCIT). After considerable debate, the Assembly by a vote of 21 to 13 with 1 abstention expressed the view that such an amalgamation would be in the interests of the ITU. Among the technical matters dealt with at the seventeenth Plenary Assembly were 1) the general switching program, 2) protection of telecommunication lines from danger and disturbances due to neighboring power lines, 3) protection of telecommunication cables from corrosion, 4) transmission, including telephone transmission in the international service, general characteristics of telephone circuits, the use of telephone circuits for telegraphy or phototelegraphy, broadcast and television relays over metallic lines, specification of carrier systems on metallic lines, radio relay links, links between mobile radiotelephone stations and international telephone lines, the maintenance and regulation of circuits and transmission systems, international operation and rates, and international signalling and switching; and 5) graphic and letter symbols, telephone vocabulary.

International Telecommunication Union

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New System

The eighth plenary assembly of the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) was held in Warsaw from August 9 to September 13, 1956, under the chairmanship of Professor Pawel Szulkin (Poland). The assembly elected with an absolute majority Dr. E. Metzler (Switzerland) as Director. The assembly considered a report which dealt with the activities of the fourteen established study groups as well as proposals to reorganize the study groups. The Warsaw decisions modifying procedures experimentally for the future were the outcome of proposals by the Organization and Finance Committees, the CCIR Secretariat and of discussions of the problem in the plenary assembly. The study groups were to remain the same in number and the allocation of work was in general the same, though it was felt desirable to give a more precise definition of their terms of reference. Among the resolutions adopted by the assembly, a number dealt with the length, content and quantity of documents submitted to the chairmen of the study groups, emphasizing that these should be as short as possible, as few as possible and that they should contain only the minimum indispensable mathematical formulae or numerical and experimental data. The new system was also expected to improve the position of distant countries which had so far experienced great difficulty in receiving preliminary documentation in sufficient time before plenary assemblies. The Technical Assistance Committee recommended the creation of a joint CCIR-International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) committee to consider the ways and means whereby technical assistance was at present granted and to make suggestions for improvements, as far as telecommunication was concerned, to the ITU Administrative Council.

scholarly journals International Telecommunication Union

1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-537 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
South African ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Vice Chairman ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Quality Of Transmission ◽  
Interim Period ◽  
Chairman Committee

The sixth meeting of the International Telegraph Consultative Committee was held in Brussels from May 10 to 27, 1948, the first meeting of the committee since 1936. C. Caenepenne, head of the Belgian delegation, was elected chairman of the conference, and E. C. Smith, head of the South African delegation, was elected vice-chairman. Committee reports presented to the conference included studies of the quality of transmission, standardization of telegraphic devices, relays, and general telegraphic and telephonic problems. Organizational matters for the interim period between meetings of the committee were discussed and a budget accepted. The seventh meeting of the Consultative Committee was scheduled for 1951 in the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Radio Astronomy and the CCIR

1991 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
Vernon Pankonin
Keyword(s):  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Special Event ◽  
Technical Advice ◽  
Group 2

ABSTRACTThe International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) is a permanent organization within the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The purpose of the CCIR is to provide technical advice to the ITU and its various organs and members on the characteristics of the radio services which are governed by the International Radio Regulations, a product of the ITU. This is accomplished through reports and recommendations which may result from the regularly scheduled meetings of the CCIR or from meetings convened to prepare for a special event such as an upcoming World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC). The CCIR is divided into Study Groups. Study Group 2 covers Space Research and Radioastronomy. This paper describes the interactions of radio astronomers with Study Group 2. The radio astronomy related Study Questions currently before this Study Group are delineated, and the nature of the active reports and recommendations are discussed.

International Telecommunication Union

1959 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-321
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
European System

The Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) was held in Geneva, September 29–November 29, 1958, to revise the regulations in telephony and telegraphy adopted in Paris in 1949. By a large majority the Conference adopted the principle that the Telephone Regulations should be world-wide in scope. The Telegraph Regulations, however, were still to include provisions applicable only to Europe, with reference to rates in the European system, the phototelegraph service, and different rebates for press telegrams. The three resolutions concerning telegraphy which the Conference decided to include in the regulations which it adopted instructed the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) to study the possibility: 1) of making the provisions relative to the phototelegraph service world-wide in scope; 2) of modifying international alphabet No. 2 so that at least two additional signals from the figure case would be available to administrations or recognized private operating agencies for the needs of their internal services; and 3) of removing difficulties which still existed for the operational services and for the users in the counting of words. The Conference also made certain detailed changes in the Telegraph Regulations.

International Telecommunication Union

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication

The ninth session of the International Telecommunication Union Administrative Council was held in Geneva from May 1 to 20, 1954, under the chairmanship of Charles J. Acton (Canada). It was reported that the Council had kept the ITU budget within the limits set at the Buenos Aires Conference, although it had not been easy to strike a balance between the desire of the staff to improve its lot and the desire of ITU members to cut their financial burden as far as possible. In the interests of economy, the Council decided to postpone consideration of the proposed convening of the Telegraph and Telephone Conference until the Council's tenth session; it would, therefore, be impossible for the Conference to meet before 1956. The Council also reported that it was impossible to foresee when the Radio Conference could be convened; the question was to be reviewed by the Council in 1955. The question of postponing the next Plenipotentiary Conference of ITU, which would normally meet in 1957, for one or two years was discussed during the Council's ninth session; further discussion was scheduled for the tenth session.

scholarly journals Traditional protection ratios in FM sound broadcasting – still appropriate for interference management?

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 391-396
Author(s):  
J. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Interference Management ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Audio Quality ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Broadcasting System ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. A detailed analysis of the measurement procedures recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) shows that – with proper definition of audio quality – the FM broadcasting system can provide an audio signal-to-noise ratio of no better than 40 dB, when the interference in the neighboring channels exhausts the limits established by the internationally agreed protection ratios. Thus any attempt to relax the protection, be it motivated by the desire to implement additional FM or new digital services in the FM band, would inevitably degrade reception quality of existing services to levels hardly acceptable by broadcast listeners.

International Telecommunication Union

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-136 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
The World ◽  
European System

International Telegraph and Telephone Conference: The International Telegraph and Telephone Conference was held in Paris from May 23 to August 4, 1949 to amend the regulations drawn up at Cairo in 1938. In addition the conference considered questions referred to it by the International Telegraph Consultative Committee. Attention was concentrated on two items: unification of categories of telegrams; and tariff principles. The number of categories of telegrams was reduced from five to three, and all member countries were granted freedom to fix their own terminal and transit rates, as the conference abolished the Cairo regulation which had imposed restrictive rates for countries in the European system in their relations with countries in the extra-European system. The conference devised rules and a method of calculating rentals applicable to the joint use of circuits operated by start-stop apparatus in the European civil aviation system. The telephone regulations devised applied only to countries within the European system, whereas the telegraphy regulations were applicable throughout the world.

scholarly journals Kualitas Jaringan Pada Jaringan Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Yang Menerapkan Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Lipur Sugiyanta ◽  
Badia Raja
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) merupakan sebuah teknik dalam jaringan komputer untuk menciptakan beberapa jaringan yang berbeda tetapi masih merupakan sebuah jaringan lokal yang tidak terbatas pada lokasi fisik seperti LAN sedangkan Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) merupakan sebuah teknik terminal server yang dapat memperbanyak workstation dengan hanya menggunakan sebuah Linux server. Dalam membangun sebuah jaringan komputer perlu memperhatikan beberapa hal dan salah satunya adalah kualitas jaringan dari jaringan yang dibangun. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah client terhadap kualitas jaringan berdasarkan parameter delay dan packet loss pada jaringan VLAN yang menerapkan LTSP. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode penelitian kualitatif dengan memperhatikan standar yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu standar International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunication (ITU-T). Penerapan penelitian ini menggunakan sistem operasi pada server adalah Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 LTS. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian yang ditemukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa benar terbukti bahwa makin banyak client yang dilayani oleh server maka akan menurunkan kualitas jaringan berdasarkan parameter Quality of Service (QoS) yang digunakan yaitu delay dan packet loss.

The International Telecommunication Union: Origin and Role

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Lyall
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
International Body ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Modern Technologies

Integral to modern life, electrical telecommunications have to work within the constraints set by the unalterable laws of physics. Transborder systems require that technologies and protocols be harmonized if there is to be interconnectivity and interoperability. International agreements on wired services date back to the 1850s. Separate bodies set up to deal with international communications in east and west Europe, were brought together in 1865 in a single international body, the International Telegraph Union. Wireless communication—radio—presented the additional problem of broadcast signals interfering with each other. From 1906, it was regulated on the basis of principles that still undergird the modern arrangements, but no formal international body was established for the purpose. Instead, radio was dealt with by a sequence of plenipotentiary conferences. The separate regimes for wired and wireless services were united in 1932 when the International Telecommunication Union was established. The 193-member union is the UN specialized agency that deals with all forms of telecommunication. It underwent a major reconstruction in 1992–1994 in order to cope with modern technologies and now works within a four-year cycle. Its institutions are its plenipotentiary conference, a council, a secretariat, and three sectors responsible, respectively, for development, standardization, and radio communication. Each of these last three has a bureau and holds international world and regional conferences, and is aided by a large number of specialized study groups. In radiocommunication, that sector supervises the operation of the Radio Regulations, in which a Table of Allocations prescribes which radio frequencies are used for what purpose and maintains a Master International Frequency Register, which records the active frequency assignments made by states to transmitting stations under their control. Its work has increased markedly with development of high-frequency systems and the proliferation of satellite systems serving various purposes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document