The effect of farmyard manure on the fertilizer requirement of sugar beet

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement ◽  
Commercial Farms

SUMMARYThirty-eight experiments were made on commercial farms to determine the fertilizer requirement of sugar beet grown with farmyard manure (F.Y.M.). They were in two groups; the first (1961–3), with uniformly applied F.Y.M., tested the value of additional fertilizer—nitrogen, phosphate and potash, with and without agricultural salt (crude sodium chloride). The second (1964–7) tested the value of fertilizer N and agricultural salt with and without F.Y.M.The average economic optimum dressings of fertilizers with F.Y.M. were 0·6 cwt/acre N, 0·3 cwt/acre P2O5, 0·5 cwt/acre K2O, with agricultural salt which largely replaced the need for potash. Chemical analyses of samples of F.Y.M. used in the second group of experiments gave no reliable guide to the requirement of additional nitrogen or sodium. With adequate P2O5 and K2O, the F.Y.M. increased sugar yield at all except one site, on average equivalent to the increase from 0·3 cwt/acre N. Agricultural salt increased yield economically at most sites except on the silts round the Humber and the Wash. No clear relationship was found between soil analysis for sodium and sugar yield response to agricultural salt, but where the exchangeable soil sodium was less than 25 ppm Na, a response was likely.

The response of sugar beet to fertilizer and the effect of farmyard manure

1962 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Made In

1. Forty-nine 33 factorial experiments in 1957–60 tested the response of sugar beet to 0·6,1·2, 1·8 cwt. N, 0·0,0·5,1·0 cwt. P2O5 and 0·8 1·6 2·4 cwt. K2O per acre. On forty-one of the sites, the experiment was repeated in the presence of 12 tons FYM per acre. There were also six trials in which the rates of mineral fertilizer had been altered to suit local conditions.2. Optimum dressings for sugar yield without FYM were 1·0 cwt. N, 0·5 cwt. P2O6 and 1·6 cwt. K2O per acre. This closely agrees with results of experiments made in 1934–39. Exceeding the optimum nitrogen dressing decreased sugar yield although the yield of tops was increased. The main value of dung for beet was in the N, P and K it provided. With FYM, optimum dressings were only 0·6 cwt. N, 0·0 cwt. P2O5 and 0·8 cwt. K2O per acre.3. Response to nitrogen differed greatly from field to field and the best guide to the nitrogen requirement of a field was the previous cropping. Beet which followed two or more cereal crops needed more nitrogen on average than beet which did not. Response to phosphate and potash did not differ much in different experiments and the national optimum would have been satisfactory for nearly all fields. The only use of soil analysis was to identify the very few fields which needed more than the average dressing of phosphate. The efficiency of phosphate and potash manuring could be slightly increased by taking soil type into account.

Varietal response by sugar beet to nitrogen, sodium and potassium fertilizers

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
G. E. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement ◽  
Varietal Response ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

SUMMARYThree preliminary experiments at Cambridge (1904–70) indicated that several varieties and breeding lines of sugar beet differed in their response to fertilizers. Three factorial experiments were therefore made at Broom's Barn (1970–2) to measure response by four widely differing varieties of sugar beet (Sharpe's Klein ‘E’, Maris Vanguard, V.T.137 and Anglo-Maribo Poly) to nitrogen (0, 75 and 150kgN/ha), sodium (0 and 250 kg N/ha) and potassium (0 and 400 kg K/ha) fertilizers. Increases in sugar yield from 75 kg N/ha by each of the varieties were remarkably similar and giving a further 75 kg N/ha neither increased nor decreased the yield of any variety on average over the three experiments. The yield response to sodium and potassium was greatest in Sharpe's Klein ‘E’ and least in V.T.137; however, as with nitrogen, varieties responded inconsistently from year to year and the interactions were not statistically significant for data pooled over the three experiments. These experiments indicate that varietal differences in fertilizer requirement are unlikely to be important in commercial practice.

scholarly journals Effect of residual nitrogen and fertilizer nitrogen on sugar beet production in Finland

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Veikko Brummer ◽  
Erkki Aura
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Residual Nitrogen ◽  
Residual Fertilizer N

Preliminary determinations for NO3- and NH4-N in topsoil from nitrogen field experiments are discussed. The amounts of residual nitrogen as well as the dates and depth for sampling are considerd in order to investigate the need of fertilizer-N for continuous sugar beet. Tops ploughed down as manure increased the available soil nitrogen by about 50 kg/ha. In practice nitrogen from fertilizer and farmyard manure given to previous beet crops seems to accumulate in the beet soils of Finland. The concentrations of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in topsoil were low in the spring of 1972 and 1973. NO3-N increased in topsoil during the early summer, and the highest concentrations were found at the beginning of July. Starting from the middle of July the amount of NH4-N began to increase both in topsoil and in subsoil. With increasing amounts of nitrogen in the topsoil the sugar content decreases continuously. Also the α-amio N content of beets correlates with the soil nitrogen. There is experimental evidence that 150 180 kg/ha nitrate nitrogen in topsoil (residual + fertilizer N) in early July gives the best economic result. The effects of fertilizer and accumulated soil nitrogen on the sugar beet quality together with som other experimental data have been statistically analysed. Regression coefficients indicated that both forms of nitrogen affected the suger content, the α-amino N concentration and clear juice purity, in a similar way.

scholarly journals Tolerance of certain sugar beet varieties to diseases

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
S. Radivojevic ◽  
Irena Dosenovic ◽  
V. Filipovic ◽  
R. Rozic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Cercospora Beticola ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Trial Network ◽  
Second Year

Sugar beet varieties' micro trials were conducted at Kikinda site in 2005 and at five localities from the provincial trial network in 2006. The micro trials were set according to standard methods with 5 replications each year. Sugar beet was harvested at two periods in both years. Chemical analyses were conducted at the laboratories of the Faculty of Technology. The obtained data were processed according to the standard methods used in the Serbian sugar industry. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA procedures. The results showed that varieties with triple tolerance to diseases (Solea and Gazeta) had marked performance in the trial at Kikinda site as compared to other varieties. Variety Solea was the highest in granulated sugar yield (10.941 t/ha) while control had 6.565 t/ha in the second harvest term at Kikinda site. The lowest infestation level with Cercospora beticola was recorded for the above mentioned varieties with triple tolerance and which were scored with 1.8 and 1.3 points, respectively, in the ranking scale that ranged from 0 to 5 points. Similar results were obtained in the second year of experiment. Variety Prestige, also triple tolerant to diseases, showed the best performance in the granulated sugar yield, yielding 13.969 t/ha. This variety showed the best tolerance to Cercospora beticola, being scored with only 0.4 points on the ranking scale for infestation level. Accordingly, the triple tolerant varieties of sugar beet were among the highest in the root and granulated sugar yields with equal number of treatments against Cercospora beticola.

RELATIVE EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER N AND SOIL NITRATE AT VARIOUS DEPTHS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SOFT WHITE WHEAT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. CAREFOOT ◽  
T. ENTZ ◽  
J. B. BOLE
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
White Wheat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Levels

Soft white wheat was grown on a clay loam soil for 2 yr with a wide range of soil nitrate (SN) (70–280 kg ha−1) and fertilizer nitrogen (FN) (0–400 kg ha−1) treatments The field experiment was designed to determine the slopes of the yield response curves to FN (δy/δFN) and to SN (δy/δSN), to determine how the ratio of (δy/δSN)/(δy/δFN), or marginal rate of substitution, is affected by FN, SN, and depth of SN and to determine if refinements to the current FN recommendations for irrigated soft white wheat are required. The δy/δFN values in both years were high at low levels of FN and SN but declined as FN and SN increased. The δy/δSN in 1985 when most SN was situated in the 0- to 30-cm soil layer was initially high (26.0) at low levels of SN but rapidly declined as SN increased. The δy/δSN in 1986, when most SN was situated in the 30- to 120-cm soil layer, was intially low (6.0) but increased as SN increased. Since the δy/δFN and δy/δSN values were sensitive to changes in FN and SN as well as the depth of SN the MRS values were variable in both years. The δy/δSN increased as SN increased when SN was situated in the 30- to 120-cm soil layer so there was only a small effect of depth of SN on FN recommendations. The FN at maximum profit occurred at a greater combined amount of SN and FN for the higher SN levels in both years. This preliminary field study suggested that fertilizer N recommendations could be improved by using an equation for predicting FN that considers a variable yield response to FN and SN, an interactive effect of FN and SN on yield, and an effect of depth of SN on yield. Key words: Soil nitrate, fertilizer nitrogen, soft white wheat, soil test N

The relationship between exchangeable soil magnesium and response by sugar beet to magnesium sulphate

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
M. J. Durrant
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYFifty-three experiments made between 1959 and 1968 tested the response to magnesium sulphate by sugar beet on fields where magnesium deficiency symptoms were expected. Soil samples, taken before applying fertilizers, were analysed for exchangeable magnesium by four methods. Sodium, potassium and calcium in the soil extracts were also measured to determine whether they influenced response to magnesium.Results of different methods of analysing soil for magnesium were related to each other and to the percentage yield-response to magnesium fertilizer. The concentration of other soil cations did not affect response to magnesium fertilizer, but giving other cations, especially sodium, as fertilizer decreased the concentration of magnesium in the crop. Nevertheless, even on fields deficient in magnesium, the largest yield was from plots given sodium and posassium fertilizer together with a dressing of magnesium.Sugar beet grown on soils containing less than 20 p.p.m. Mg extracted with ammonium nitrate usually gave a profitable response to magnesium fertilizer. When soil magnesium was 20–35 p.p.m., yield of sugar beet on some fields was increased slightly. Plants in some experiments had poorly developed root systems and response to magnesium was then always larger than expected from soil analysis.

Nitrogen requirements of sugar beet in relation to harvesting date

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. J. Holmes ◽  
J. R. Devine ◽  
F. W. Dunnett
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Oolitic Limestone ◽  
Early Harvest

SummarySeven field experiments were made on the effect of two harvesting dates on the nitrogen requirements of sugar beet. All were on Rauceby series soils overlying oolitic limestone in Lincolnshire.Nitrogen fertilizer increased sugar yield in all experiments, and yield was considerably higher at the mid-December harvest than in early October. On average, the sugar-yield response to nitrogen was greater at the late harvest, and the requirement for nitrogen was about 45 kg/ha higher then than at the early harvest. Sugar content was depressed less at the late harvest than at the early by increasing nitrogen rate.These results suggest that farmers should apply more nitrogen to fields that they plan to harvest late than to early-harvested fields; they also have implications for the conduct and interpretation of nitrogen response experiments on sugar beet.

Effects of soil compaction on yield and fertilizer requirement of sugar beet

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
R. Hull ◽  
A. B. Messem ◽  
D. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement ◽  
Major Nutrients ◽  
One Year

SUMMARYFive experiments (1967–9) on soils formed from calcareous drift examined the effects of soil compaction on seedling emergence and yield of sugar beet, also the interaction between compaction and response to nitrogen fertilizer (N) and phosphate fertilizer (P2O5). Some seedbeds were compacted in winter, others in spring and others prepared with the minimum of compaction; each was tested with 0·6, 1·2 and 1·8 cwt/acre N plus 0·8 cwt/acre additional P2O5. All plots were given a basal dressing of 0–8 cwt/acre P2O6and enough of other major nutrients.Compaction decreased seedling populations in four experiments but increased it in one year, when the weather was dry while the seeds were germinating. However, in every experiment compaction significantly decreased yield of roots and sugar. It also interacted with the fertilizer treatments, significantly on average, increasing nitrogen requirement and decreasing phosphate requirement. On average, 0·6 cwt/acre N and 1·6 cwt/acre P2O5gave the greatest yield without compaction and 1·2 cwt/acre N and 0·8 cwt/acre P2O6with compaction.

The effect of time of sowing and harvesting on growth, yield and nitrogen fertilizer requirement of sugar beet

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
D. J. Webb ◽  
E. M. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Fertilizer Requirement

SummaryFour field experiments (1968–71) investigated the effect of changing the length of the growing period on the nitrogen fertilizer requirement of sugar beet. The crop was sown on three occasions (March–May), harvested on three occasions (September–December) and given four amounts of fertilizer (0–225 kg N/ha). Plant samples were analysed at several stages of growth (1969–71) in an attempt to predict the amount of nitrogen fertilizer needed for maximum sugar yield and also at the end of the season to determine the nitrogen uptake. Increasing the length of the growing period increased sugar yield greatly but the amount of nitrogen fertilizer needed for maximum sugar yield was unchanged. The crop given the largest dressing of nitrogen and with the longest growing period contained most total nitrogen, but in every experiment, giving more than 75 kg N/ha neither increased nor decreased the sugar yield significantly. As a result of the small variations in nitrogen requirement, the plant analyses during the growing season were of little value in predicting the needs of the crop.

Nitrogen requirement of sugar beet

1976 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. J. Holmes ◽  
J. R. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

SummarySeventy-four field experiments on the nitrogen requirement of sugar beet were made in eastern England in. 1966 to 1974. Considerable differences in sugar yield response to nitrogen were found between the six soil types used, and these differences were found (on five of the six soils) to be related to sugar yield. Nitrogen response was large on chalk and limestone soils in Lincolnshire, intermediate on East Anglian boulder clays and least on East Anglian chalk and light drift soils. On the lighter soils (limestones, East Anglian chalks and light drifts) nitrogen response was greater with high summer rainfall than with low. Fenland silt soils were very high yielding, but nitrogen response was moderate.Optimum nitrogen rates differed between soils, in the range 100 kg/ha on East Anglian chalks and light drifts to 180–200 kg/ha on Lincolnshire chalks and limestones.

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