The appraisal of fineness in greasy wool sale lots

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Whiteley ◽  
D. Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYRelationships among quality number, crimp frequency and. fibre diameter of sale lots are reported for a wide range of Australian wools, the quality number appraisals being those of the selling broker and the successful bidder at auction.Results show that sale lots classified as having the same quality number exhibit a 95% confidence interval of ± 2·5 μm about the mean value. This variation is attributed first to the dependence of quality number on staple crimp frequency and secondly to the strength of the relationship between crimp frequency and fibre diameter.

A Comparison of Physiological Demand between Self-Propelled and Motorized Treadmill Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Todd Backes ◽  
Charlene Takacs
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Computer Controlled

There are a wide range of options for individuals to choose from in order to engage in aerobic exercise; from outdoor running to computer controlled and self-propelled treadmills. Recently, self-propelled treadmills have increased in popularity and provide an alternative to a motorized treadmill. Twenty subjects (10 men, 10 women) ranging in age from 19-23 with a mean of 20.4 ± 0.8 SD were participants in this study. The subjects visited the laboratory on three occasions. The purpose of the first visit was to familiarize the subject with the self-propelled treadmill (Woodway Curve 3.0). The second visit, subjects were instructed to run on the self-propelled treadmill for 3km at a self-determined pace. Speed data were collected directly from the self-propelled treadmill. The third visit used speed data collected during the self-propelled treadmill run to create an identically paced 3km run for the subjects to perform on a motorized treadmill (COSMED T150). During both the second and third visit, oxygen consumption (VO2) and respiratory exchange ratio (R) data were collected with COSMED’s Quark cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) metabolic mixing chamber system. The VO2 mean value for the self-propelled treadmill (44.90 ± 1.65 SE ml/kg/min) was significantly greater than the motorized treadmill (34.38 ± 1.39 SE ml/kg/min). The mean R value for the self-propelled treadmill (0.91 ± 0.01 SE) was significantly greater than the motorized treadmill (0.86 ± 0.01 SE). Our study demonstrated that a 3km run on a self-propelled treadmill does elicit a greater physiological response than a 3km run at on a standard motorized treadmill. Self-propelled treadmills provide a mode of exercise that offers increased training loads and should be considered as an alternative to motorized treadmills.

scholarly journals AB0101 THE IMPACT OF TIME SPAN TO ACHIEVE BOOLEAN REMISSION FOR MAINTAINING DISEASE ACTIVITY AFTER ACQUISITION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1079.1-1079
Author(s):  
I. Yoshii
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Boolean remission criteria is one most popular and stringent criteria in treating patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because it may guarantees a stable clinical course after attaining remission.Objectives:Impact of time span from initiation to achieving Boolean remission on maintaining disease activity, daily activities, and quality of life after attaining Boolean remission was investigated from daily clinical practice data.Methods:685 patients with RA since August 2010 under the T2T strategy were treated. They were monitored for their TJC, SJC, PGA, EGA, CRP, and disease activity indices such as CDAI, SDAI, DAS28, and Boolean criteria at every visit. HAQ-DI score, pain score using visual analog scale (PS-VAS), and EQ-5D were also monitored, and the quality of life score (QOLS) calculated from EQ-5D was determined at every visit from the time of diagnosis (baseline).Of 685 patients, 465 patients had achieved Boolean remission >1 times, and were consecutively followed up for >3 years. These patients were enrolled in the study. Time span from the first visit to first Boolean remission was calculated. The relationship between the time span and each of background parameters, and the relationship between the time span and each of the mean values of the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at the first Boolean remission and thereafter was evaluated statistically.Patients were subsequently divided into the G ≤ 6 and G > 6 groups based on the achievement of first Boolean remission within two groups: time span G ≤ 6 months and G > 6 months. The two groups were compared with regard to the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at first visit and at the time of first Boolean remission, and the mean values of these parameters after remission were evaluated statistically. Moreover, changes of these parameters and the mean Boolean remission rate after the first remission, and SDAI remission rate at the first Boolean remission to thereafter were compared between the two groups statistically.Results:Out of 465 patients, females comprised 343 (73.7%), and the mean age was 67.8 years (range, from 21–95 years). The mean disease duration at first visit was 6.1 years (range, from 1 months–45 years). The mean follow up length was 88.1 months (range: 36–122 months; median: 85 months) and mean time span from the first visit to the first Boolean remission was 8.1 months. The mean SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, and the QOLS at first visit were 13.3, 0.467, 33.2, and 0.834, respectively. Among the study parameters, PS-VAS and QOLS were significantly correlated with the time span. For parameters at the first Boolean remission, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, and QOLS demonstrated significant correlation with the time span, whereas SDAI, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS after the Boolean remission demonstrated significant correlation with the time span.The comparison between the G ≤ 6 and the G > 6 groups revealed that the disease duration, HAQ score, and PS-VAS at baseline in the G > 6 were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, and QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group at baseline. Similarly, the HAQ score and PS-VAS at the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, whereas QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group demonstrated no significant difference compared with that in the G > 6 group.The mean value of the SDAI score after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group. Similarly, the SDAI score, HAQ score, and PS-VAS after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were also significantly higher than those in the G ≤ 6 group, and the mean value of the QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group. The Boolean remission rate and SDAI remission rate after the first Boolean remission were significantly higher in the G ≤ 6 group than those in the G > 6 group.Conclusion:Attaining Boolean remission ≤ 6 months for RA has significant benefit for more stable disease control, that leads good maintenance of ADL.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

The Mode of Excretion of Ammonia and Urea in Xenopus Laevis

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-705
Author(s):  
J. B. BALINSKY ◽  
E. BALDWIN
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Urea Excretion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
The Mean

1. Eighty-two single determinations of ammonia and urea excretion by Xenopus laevis indicated that the percentage of ammonia varied from 40 to 80%, with a mean value of 62%. 2. Measurements of excretion on successive days after feeding showed that a large amount of ammonia was produced soon after feeding, but that ammonia excretion declined rapidly. Urea excretion, not so high initially, remained more or less constant until the third or fourth day, often exceeding ammonia excretion at that time. Thereafter, it also declined and the excretion of both substances reached a constant starvation level by the fifteenth day. 3. Both ammonia and urea excretion were equally affected by temperature. The Q10's were near 2 in the range 20-30° C., but greater in the range 10-20° C. 4. At least 86% of ammonia, and 81% of urea were excreted through the cloaca. 5. The mean 24 hr. urine output of Xenopus at 20% C. was 23.6 ml. per 100 g. body weight. 6. Although the blood ammonia concentration did not appear to be zero, the urine/blood concentration ratio of ammonia was greater than 100. The urine/blood concentration ratio of urea was not significantly different from unity, and constant over a very wide range of concentrations. 7. The above result is interpreted to indicate passive glomerular filtration of urea, and little or no tubular reabsorption of water. 8. It is suggested that ammonia is formed in the kidney, and actively secreted into the glomerular filtrate.

scholarly journals Localization of DNA in the fibrillar components of the nucleolus: a cytochemical and morphometric study.

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Derenzini ◽  
F Farabegoli ◽  
D Trerè
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Dense Fibrillar Component ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Fibrillar Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fibrillar Component ◽  
Resting Lymphocytes ◽  
The Relationship

We studied the distribution of DNA in human circulating lymphocyte nucleoli using three different cytochemical methods for selective visualization of DNA in thin sections: the Feulgen-like osmium-ammine reaction, the NAMA-Ur procedure, and the osmium-ammine staining in glycine buffer, pH 1.5. All three methods indicated the presence of uniformly distributed, highly decondensed DNA filaments forming a large solitary agglomerate in the central part of the nucleolar area, corresponding to the solitary large fibrillar center (FC) as revealed by uranium and lead staining. We also studied the relationship between DNA agglomerates and nucleolar fibrillar components in resting and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes by morphometric analysis of the areas occupied by these structures. In resting lymphocytes the mean area of the DNA agglomerates was 0.479 micron 2 +/- 0.161 SD, whereas that of FCs was 0.380 micron 2 +/- 0.149 SD, with a ratio of 1.26. In PHA-stimulated lymphocytes the mean area of the DNA agglomerates was 0.116 micron 2 +/- 0.056 SD, whereas that of the FCs was 0.075 micron 2 +/- 0.032 SD, with a ratio of 1.55. In PHA-stimulated lymphocytes we also measured the area occupied by the FCs plus the closely associated dense fibrillar component (DFC). The mean value of these two fibrillar components was 0.206 micron 2 +/- 0.081 SD. These data demonstrate that decondensed DNA filaments are uniformly distributed in the FCs and that in transcriptionally active nucleoli they are also present in the proximal portion of the DFC surrounding the FCs.

Stable Isotopes Analysis of Precipitation in Subtropical Plateau of Yunnan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1059-1063
Author(s):  
Wei Guan ◽  
Tao Fan ◽  
Xiu Qin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Precipitation Line ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

To elucidate the relationship between stable isotopes of precipitation (SIP) and the extreme drought in Kunming area, based on the stable isotopes data of the GNIP in Kunming site from 1986 to 2003, the precipitation line equation is brought forward and the seasonal change rule of stable isotopes are discussed. The stable isotopic compositions of precipitation exhibit great diversities in different seasons during to influences of multiple factors, such as monsoon, rainfall amount moisture source and others. The δ18O values in rainwater exhibit significant seasonal variations, the average of-10.12‰ in rainy season, the dry season is-4.5‰, having lower values in the rainy season and higher one in the dry season. The amount effect of precipitation is very distinct, that concealed the temperature effect. Got the special geographical position,dvalues present unique characteristics, the average ofdvalues is 10.78‰ in rainy season, and is 4.86‰ in dry season, the mean value is generally lower than most parts of the world.

scholarly journals THE LUCK IN “TALENT VERSUS LUCK” MODELING

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050007
Author(s):  
SEAN ELVIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Random Numbers ◽  
Individual Parameter ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Model Variability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper further investigates the Talent versus Luck (TvL) model described by [Pluchino et al. Talent versus luck: The role of randomness in success and failure, Adv. Complex Syst. 21 (2018) 1850014] which models the relationship between ‘talent’ and ‘luck’ on the impact of an individuals career. It is shown that the model is very sensitive to both random sampling and the choice of value for the input parameters. Running the model repeatedly with the same set of input parameters gives a range of output values of over 50% of the mean value. The sensitivity of the inputs of the model is analyzed using a variance-based approach based upon generating Sobol sequences of quasi-random numbers. When using the model to look at the talent associated with an individual who has the maximum capital over a model run it has been shown that the choice for the standard deviation of the talent distribution contributes to 67% of the model variability. When investigating the maximum amount of capital returned by the model the probability of a lucky event at any given epoch has the largest impact on the model, almost three times more than any other individual parameter. Consequently, during the analysis of the model results one must keep in mind the impact that only small changes in the input parameters can have on the model output.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Degrees of Pre-Operative Anxiety With Pain and Post Operative Answer in Patients Who Undergo C-Section With Spinal Anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 389-392
Author(s):  
Boy Olifu Elniko Ginting ◽  
Akhyar Hamonangan Nasution ◽  
Soejat Harto
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is considered a fear of a threatening danger, often the threat is unknown and always includes various emotional and hemodynamic responses experienced by the organism prior to emotional stimulation. To determine the relationship between the degree of pre-operative anxiety with post-operative pain in patients undergoing cesarean sectio with spinal anesthesia techniques at H. Adam Malik Hospital. Descriptive analytic research was conducted at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan from May to June 2020. The study population was all subjects scheduled to undergo sectio cesarea with spinal anesthesia at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. The total sample obtained was 28 patients. The normal test of numerical data test was used with the Spearman Correlation test. The research hypothesis was tested using the Mann-Whitney test. In the study conducted on 28 samples divided into 2 groups, it was found that there was a moderate and direct relationship between APAIS scores and VAS scores. Based on this study, it was found that the average preoperative APAIS score was 11.07 (± 3.79). And for the mean value of postoperative VAS is 2.37 (± 1.04). In the result of this study it was found that there was a moderate and unidirectional relationship to the APAIS score and this VAS score (p <0.05). While the preoperative APAIS score was 11.07 (± 3.79). And for the mean postoperative VAS-A value is 3.33 (± 1.03). In the result of this study also found that there is a strong and direct relationship in the APAIS score and this VASA score (p<0.05). There is a moderate and direct relationship between APAIS scores and this VAS score and that there is a strong and direct relationship in the APAIS score and this VAS-A score

Association of epicardial fat thickness with left ventricular diastolic function parameters in a community population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ma ◽  
Baowei Zhang ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Litong Qi ◽  
Jin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Ventricular Free Wall ◽  
Free Wall ◽  
Right Ventricular Free Wall ◽  
Community Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose We examined the relationship between EFT measured by echocardiography and LV diastolic function parameters in a Beijing community population. Methods We included 1004 participants in this study. Echocardiographic parameters including E and A peak velocity, the early diastolic velocities (e’) of the septal and lateral of mitral annulus using tissue doppler imaging, E/e’, and EFT, were measured. EFT1 was measured perpendicularly on the right ventricular free wall at end-diastole in the extension line of the aortic root. EFT2 was the maximum thickness measured perpendicularly on the right ventricular free wall at end-diastole. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between EFT and the mean e’ and E/e’. Results The mean age of the participants was 63.91 ± 9.02 years old (51.4% men). EFT1 and EFT2 were negatively correlated with e’ lat, e’ sep, and e’ mean (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with E/e’ lat, E/e’ sep, and E/e’ mean. Multivariate regression analysis showed that EFT1 and EFT2 were independently and negatively correlated with e’ mean (EFT1: β = −0.089 [95% confidence interval = − 0.177, − 0.000, p = 0.050]; EFT2: β = −0.078 [95% confidence interval = − 0.143, − 0.012, p = 0.020]). There were no interactions between EFT and any covariates, including age or heart groups, sex, BMI, or presence of hypertension, diabetes, or coronary heart disease in relation to LV diastolic dysfunction. Conclusions EFT was negatively and independently correlated with e’ mean, suggesting that more attention to this type of adipose fat is required for cardiovascular disease therapy.

Cell structure and mechanical properties of microcellular PLA foams prepared via autoclave constrained foaming

2020 ◽  
pp. 026248932093032
Author(s):  
Jinwei Chen ◽  
Ling Yang ◽  
Dahua Chen ◽  
Qunshan Mai ◽  
Meigui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Constrained Foaming ◽  
The Relationship

Microcellular polylactic acid (PLA) foams with various cell size and cell morphologies were prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) solid-state foaming to investigate the relationship between the cell structure and mechanical properties. Constrained foaming was used and a wide range of cell structures with a constant porosity of ∼75% by tuning saturation pressure (8–24 MPa) was developed. Experiments varying the saturation pressure while holding other variables’ constant show that the mean cell size and the mean cell wall thickness decreased, while the cell density and the open porosity increased with increase of pressure. Tensile modulus of PLA foams decreased with increasing the saturation pressure, but the specific tensile modulus of PLA foams was still 15–80% higher than that of solid PLA. Tensile strength and elongation at break first increased with increasing saturation pressure up to 16 MPa and then decreased with further increasing saturation pressure (20 MPa and 24 MPa) at which opened-cell structure produced. Compressive modulus, compressive strength, and compressive yield stress also followed the same variation trend. The results indicated that not only cell size plays an important role in properties of PLA foams but also cell morphology can influence these properties significantly.

Initiation of each avian inspiration by a CO2 threshold mechanism

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Miller ◽  
A. L. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Model ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Threshold Mechanism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Respiratory Movements

The avian respiratory oscillator has been investigated in a unidirectionally ventilated chicken by changing the dynamic pattern of inflow CO2 concentration (FCO2). Stimulation with periodic FCO2 results in a one-to-one synchronization of the respiratory movements that we have called pacing (Respir. Physiol. 22: 167--177, 1974). A two-parameter CO2 threshold model is proposed to explain this behavior. The model states that when FCO2 reaches a threshold level (L), it initiates the beginning of inspiration a constant time interval (LB) later. According to this model, when a triangular FCO2 concentration is used to synchronize the breathing pattern, the time from the minimum of the wave form to the beginning of inspiration (C-B interval) is dependent on the mean value and the rate of rise of FCO2 as determined by period and amplitude of the triangle. Particularly interesting is the prediction that the direction of the relationship (increasing or decreasing) between FCO2 amplitude and the C-B interval is dependent on whether the mean value of FCO2 is above or below the threshold level. Experimental data obtained during amplitude changes support the above prediction.

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