The effects of drought on barley growth: models and measurements showing the relative importance of leaf area and photosynthetic rate

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Legg ◽  
W. Day ◽  
D. W. Lawlor ◽  
K. J. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

SUMMARYIn a field experiment on the effects of drought on spring barley the crop was protected from rain by automatic rain shelters. Various plots received irrigation at different times to give a range of drought treatments from full irrigation to no irrigation between emergence and harvest. The foliage area, light interception, stomatal resistance and leaf photosynthesis rate of five treatments were measured throughout the growing season, and a mathematical model has related the computed whole canopy photosynthesis to the measured total dry-matter yields at harvest. Hence, it was possible to estimate tha independent influences of drought on radiation interception, efficiency of use of intercepted radiation, and respiration. The analysis shows that for all treatments the decrease of intercepted radiation was the major factor in reducing yield, and it accounted for a loss of 30–40% for treatments that were stressed from the beginning of the season, and of 10–20% for treatments that were stressed after mid-May. Stomatal closure caused a reduction of up to 11% in daily photosynthesis, and the maximum effect was on plants that acquired a large leaf area before being stressed. However, the effect of stomatal closure integrated over the whole season was only 6% or less. Our measurements of internal resistance to carbon dioxide transfer were not precise enough to show significant differences between treatments; but increases of internal resistance, caused by stress, may have contributed to loss of yield.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis and growth of spring barley: some effects of drought

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Leach
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Effects Of Drought

SummaryDuring the dry summer of 1976, measurements were made of the photosynthesis, transpiration, respiration, and growth of irrigated (I) and non-irrigated (NI) spring barley growing in large field plots. Using a field enclosure, the photosynthesis of the irrigated barley was measured on 19 separate days during the latter two-thirds of the growing season when the plants were large enough to have measurable gas exchanges. The response of photosynthesis to water stress was determined from 3 days' comparative measurements on the I and NI crops, using both the field enclosure and, on 2 days only, a single-leaf photosynthesis chamber.Water stress in the NI crop caused large decreases in yield: the dry-matter yields of grain and straw were respectively reduced by 19 and 27%; number of grains (but not grain mass) was also reduced. Field enclosure measurements, which were in good agreement both with values for canopy net photosynthesis derived from the leaf chamber measurements and with estimates of dry-matter production derived from plant weighings, indicated that the net CO2 uptake per unit leaf area was little affected by water stress. Results from the plant weighings and mensurations showed that, during the growing season, the main effect of water stress, mediated by the survival of fewer tillers and the premature senescence of leaves, was a reduction of leaf area (by 40%).

Growth of spring barley under drought: crop development, photosynthesis, dry-matter accumulation and nutrient content

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Lawlor ◽  
W. Day ◽  
A. E. Johnston ◽  
B. J. Legg ◽  
K. J. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Grain Filling Period

SUMMARYThe effects of water deficit on growth of spring barley were analysed under five irrigation treatments. One crop was irrigated at weekly intervals from emergence throughout the growing season, and one was not irrigated at all after emergence. Soil water deficits in the other treatments were allowed to develop early, intermediate or late in the crop's development.Weekly irrigation produced a crop with a large leaf area index (maximum value 4) and maintained green leaf and awns throughout the grain-filling period. Early drought decreased leaf area index (maximum value 2) by slowing expansion of main-stem leaves and decreasing the number and growth of tiller leaves. Leaf senescence was also increased with drought. Drought late in the development of ears and leaves and during the grain-filling period caused leaves and awns to senesce so that the total photosynthetic areas decreased faster than with irrigation. Photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area was little affected by drought so total dry-matter production was most affected by differences in leaf area.Early drought gave fewer tillers (550/m2) and fewer grains per ear (18) than did irrigation (760 tillers/m2 and 21 grains per ear). Late irrigation after drought increased the number of grains per ear slightly but not the number of ears/m2. Thus at the start of the grain-filling period crops which had suffered drought early had fewer grains than irrigated (9·5 and 18·8 × 103/m2 respectively) or crops which suffered drought later in development (14 × 103/m2).During the first 2 weeks of filling, grains grew at almost the same rate in all treatments. Current assimilate supply was probably insufficient to provide this growth in crops which had suffered drought, and stem reserves were mobilized, as shown by the decrease in stem mass during the period. Grains filled for 8 days longer with irrigation and were heavier (36–38 mg) than without irrigation (29–30 mg). Drought throughout the grainfilling period after irrigation earlier in the season resulted in the smallest grains (29 mg).Grain yield depended on the number of ears, the number of grains per ear and mass per grain. Early drought decreased tillering and tiller ear production and the number of grains that filled in each ear. Late drought affected grain size via the effects on photosynthetic surface area.Drought decreased the concentrations of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in the dry matter of crops, and irrigation after drought increased them. Concentration of nitrogen was little affected by treatment. Possible mechanisms by which water deficits and nutrient supply affect crop growth and yield are discussed.

The effect of date of sowing on the growth and yield of spring cereals

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Jessop ◽  
J. D. Ivins
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Late Sowing

SUMMARYExperiments to study the effect of date of sowing at two centres in each of 3 years, 1967–9, are described and the results discussed. The earliest sowing date (early March) gave the highest yield of spring barley at both centres and of spring wheat at Sutton Bonington, but at Boxworth in 1967 and 1969 later sowing (early or late April) gave higher yields of grain, which were attributable mainly to increased grain numbers per ear. It is argued that in 1968 poor weather conditions in July and August resulted in very low 1000 grain weights, and although grain numbers were again higher from late sowing at Boxworth this treatment gave the lowest yields because of poorly filled grain. The date of sowing also affected yields of total dry matter, ratios of grain to straw, leaf-area indices, numbers of grains per ear and 1000 grain weights.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DE SOLOS DE DIFERENTES TEXTURAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE Eucalyptus urograndis SUBMETIDAS A DÉFICIT HÍDRICO

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
Maria Renata Rocha Pereira ◽  
Antônio Evaldo Klar ◽  
André Luiz Melhorança Filho ◽  
Andréia Cristina Peres Rodrigues ◽  
Magali Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
State University ◽  
Hydric Stress ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Stress Influence

INFLUÊNCIA DE SOLOS DE DIFERENTES TEXTURAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE Eucalyptus urograndis SUBMETIDAS A DÉFICIT HÍDRICO   Maria Renata Rocha Pereira 1; Antônio Evaldo Klar 1; André Luiz Melhorança Filho 2; Andréia Cristina Peres Rodrigues 2;  Magali Ribeiro da Silva 3.  1Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP,  [email protected] de Melhoramento e Produção Vegetal,  Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP3Departamento Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP  1 RESUMO             O estudo foi desenvolvido com plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis em casa de vegetação, localizada na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, campus de Botucatu - SP, nos meses de março a julho de 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do estresse hídrico nas características morfológicas e fisiológicas, em dois solos de diferentes texturas argilosa (solo 1) e média (solo 2). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, fatorial, com quinze repetições. O manejo hídrico foi estabelecido com base em dois potenciais mínimos de água no solo (Yw): -0,03 MPa e -1,5 MPa. Os resultados demonstraram que as plantas dos tratamentos sem estresse hídrico tiveram maiores valores em todas características morfológicas em relação às submetidas a déficit hídrico. Plantas cultivadas em solos de textura média apresentaram significativa redução de 43% na área foliar, 34% no diâmetro de colo, 54% na matéria seca de parte aérea e, em solos de textura argilosa, houve redução de 42,3% na área foliar, 39,5% no diâmetro de colo e 42% na matéria seca radicular, com restrição hídrica em relação às irrigadas no tratamento -0,03 MPa.. O menor valor de potencial hídrico foliar (f) foi -17,166 MPa (solo 2 sob estresse), e o maior potencial, -6,766 MPa, no solo 1 sem estresse hídrico. Os tratamentos sem estresse hídrico tiveram maior transpiração se comparados àqueles sob déficit hídrico com diferenças de até 11,3% . Verificou-se que os tratamentos sob w = -1,5 MPa e solo de textura média apresentaram maiores valores de resistência estomática (Rs) em todos os horários medidos, sendo 14 h o horário mais crítico, com valores de até 2,149 s.cm-¹. A temperatura foliar (Tf) mostrou  correlação significativa com Rs, onde tratamentos com solo de textura média se mostraram mais sensíveis, chegando a 32oC. UNITERMOS: estresse hídrico, potencial de água, transpiração, resistência estomática. PEREIRA, M. R. R.; KLAR, A. E.; MELHORANÇA FILHO, A. L.; RODRIGUES, A. C. P.; SILVA, M. R. da. DIFFERENT SOIL HYDRIC DEFICIT AND TEXTURE INFLUENCE  ON Eucalyptus urograndis  PLANTS       2 ABSTRACT The studies were developed with plants of Eucalyptus urograndis under greenhouse conditions , at Paulista State University (UNESP), Botucatu - SP, from March to July, 2005. The objective was to evaluate hydric stress influence on morphological and physiological characteristics of plants in clayay (1) and medium (2) soil texture. Two water treatment were used: -0.03 and -1.5 MPa minimum soil water potentials (w). Plants from soil 2 and -1.5MPa showed 43% reduction on leaf área, 34% on base stem diameter, 54% on aerial vegetal dry matter and plants from soil 1 presented 42.3% reduction on leaf área, 39,5% base stem diameter  and 42% dry matter root reduction in relation to -0.03 MPa.. The lowest leaf water potential (f) value  was-17.166 MPa on w = -1.5 MPa and soil 2 and the greatest one on soil 1 and w = -0.03 MPa., -6.766 MPa. The treatment -0.03MPa showed  about 11,3% higher transpiration values than those plants from  -1.5MPa .  The higher Rs value (2.149 s.cm-1) occurred on plants under -1.5MPa and soil 2.  There was significant correlation between Tf and Rs,  and the treatmens from medium soil were more sensitive, reaching until  32oC. KEY WORDS:  hydric stress, transpiration water potential and stomatal resistance

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DE DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE SOLO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE Eucalyptus urograndis SUBMETIDAS A DÉFICIT HÍDRICO

Irriga ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Renata Rocha Pereira ◽  
Antônio Evaldo Klar ◽  
André Luiz Melhorança Filho ◽  
Andréia Cristina Peres Rodrigues ◽  
Magali Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Hydric Stress ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Stress Influence

INFLUÊNCIA DE DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE SOLO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PLANTAS DE Eucalyptus urograndis  SUBMETIDAS  A DÉFICIT HÍDRICO   Maria Renata Rocha Pereira 1; Antônio Evaldo Klar 1; André Luiz Melhorança Filho 2; Andréia Cristina Peres Rodrigues 2;  Magali Ribeiro Da Silva 3.  1Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP,  [email protected] De Melhoramento e Produção Vegetal Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP3Departamento Recursos Naturais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, SP  1 RESUMO O estudo foi desenvolvido com plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis em casa de vegetação, na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, campus de Botucatu - SP, nos meses de março a julho de 2005, com objetivo o de avaliar os efeitos do estresse hídrico nas características morfológicas e fisiológicas, em dois solos de diferentes texturas argilosa (solo 1) e média (solo 2). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, fatorial, com quinze repetições. O manejo hídrico foi estabelecido com base em dois potenciais mínimos de água no solo (Yw): -0,03 MPa ou -1,5 MPa. . Os resultados demonstraram que tratamentos sem estresse hídrico tiveram desempenho significativo em todas características morfológica sem relação às submetidas a déficit hídrico. Plantas cultivadas em solos de textura média apresentam uma redução de até 43% na área foliar, 35% no diâmetro de colo, 54% na matéria seca de parte aérea, e em solos de textura argilosa houve redução de 42.8% na área foliar, 40% no diâmetro de colo e 25% na matéria seca radicular, com restrição hídrica em relação às irrigadas no tratamento -0,03 MPa.. O menor valor de potencial hídrico foliar (f) foi -17,166 MPa (solo 2 sob estresse), e o maior potencial no solo 1 sem estresse hídrico (-6,766 MPa). Os tratamentos sem estresse hídrico tiveram maior transpiração se comparados àqueles sob déficit hídrico com diferenças de até 13% . Verificou-se que os tratamentos sob w = -1,5 MPa e solo 2 apresentaram maiores valores de resistência estomática (Rs) em todos os horários medidos, sendo 14 h o horário mais crítico, com valores de até 2,149 s.cm-¹. A temperatura foliar ( Tf) mostrou  correlação significativa com Rs, onde tratamentos com solo de textura média se mostraram mais sensíveis, chegando a 32oC. UNITERMOS: estresse hídrico, potencial de água, transpiração, resistência estomática.  PEREIRA, M.R.R.; KLAR, A.E.; MELHORANÇA FILHO, A. L. ; RODRIGUES, A. C. P. ;   SILVA, M. R.   MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESMENT OF PLANTS OF Eucalyptus urograndis IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF SOIL ON HYDRIC DEFICIT     2 ABSTRACT The studies were developed with plants of Eucalyptus urograndis under greenhouse conditions , at Paulista University (UNESP), Botucatu - SP, from March to July, 2005. The objective was to evaluate hydric stress influence on morphological and physiological characteristics of plants in clayay (1) and medium (2) soil texture. Two water treatment were used: -0.03 and -1.5 MPa minimum soil water potentials (w). Plants from soil 2 and -1.5MPa showed 43% reduction on leaf área, 35% on base stem diameter, 54% on aerial vegetal dry matter and plants from soil 1 presented 42.8% reduction on leaf área, 40% base stem diameter  and 25% dry matter root reduction in relation to -0.03 MPa.. The lowest leaf water potential (f) value  was-17.166 MPa on w = -1.5 MPa and soil 2 and the greatest one on soil 1 and w = -0.03 MPa.(-6.766 MPa,). The treatment -0.03MPa showed  about 13% higher transpiration values than those plants from  -1.5MPa .  The higher Rs value (2.149 s.cm-1) occurred on plants under -1.5MPa and soil 2.  There was significant correlation between Tf and Rs. KEYWORDS:  hydric stress, transpiration water potential and stomatal resistance  

scholarly journals Effects of drought stress and superabsorbent polymer on morpho-physiological and biochemical traits of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Aminallah Bagherifard ◽  
Yousef Hamidoghli ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Biglouei ◽  
Mehrorang Ghaedi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Superabsorbent Polymer ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Drying Conditions

Capparis spinosa, commonly known as caper bush, is native to certain hostile growing conditions including sandy or gravelly soils, rocky hillsides, cliffs, stone walls and rock crevices in Mediterranean coastal regions. Caper plant is used for the prevention of soil erosion in sloppy areas. Synthetic superabsorbent polymer was developed as a soil conditioner to heighten plant establishment and growth in drought-prone growing area. During growing seasons of 2016-2017, the effects of soil amendment with the superabsorbent Polymer A200 in four levels (S1= 0, S2= 75, S3= 150 and S4= 225 g) were investigated for each caper plant, considering three levels of irrigation (I1=0, I2= One irrigation per month and I3= one irrigation every two months) on the physical properties of the soil as well as their physiological parameters (chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, carotenoid, Tss, electrolyte leakage) and plant height, yield per hectare, WUE, Soil moister, RWC and leaf area of an established caper plant under drying conditions. Analyses of variance showed that the interaction effects of treatments were significant (p<0.01) in all the studied traits. The results showed that water stress significantly decreased the height of a plant, yield per hectare, WUE, Soil moister, RWC, leaf area, total Chlorophylla, Carotenoid and electrolyte leakage, whereas the application of superabsorbent polymer compensated for the negative effect of drought stress, especially in high rates of polymer application (150 g), where the maximum effect was attained for all the studied traits. These findings strongly suggested that the irrigation intervals of caper can lead to an increase in the application of the superabsorbent polymer.

Elevated CO2 Improves the Growth of Wheat Under Salinity

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Nicolas ◽  
R Munns ◽  
AB Samarakoon ◽  
RM Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
Sodium Accumulation

Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. Matong and T. durum cv. Modoc) were grown at ambient and elevated CO2 (350 cm3 m-3 above ambient) in soil with or without 150 mol m-3 NaCl for 6 weeks. The increase in dry matter, leaf area and tillering under high CO2 was relatively greater under saline than non-saline conditions for both cultivars. Tillering was the primary component of growth affected by both salinity and high CO2. Salinity greatly reduced tillering and high CO2 partly reversed the effects of salinity. High CO2 increased dry matter accumulation of the salt-sensitive Modoc to a greater extent (+104%) than that of the more salt-tolerant Matong (+73%) in the salt treatment. Transpiration rates were greatly reduced by salinity for both cultivars. Under high CO2, increased leaf areas compensated for reduced transpiration rates per unit leaf area (i.e. greater stomatal closure), and total transpiration was little affected by CO2 level within each treatment. The more salt-tolerant Matong showed greater stomatal closure and higher transpiration efficiencies than the salt-sensitive Modoc under salinity. High CO2 reduced transpiration rate (per unit dry weight) by 40 to 50%, but did not significantly change the rate of sodium accumulation (per unit dry weight), indicating that salt uptake was largely independent of water uptake, and that high CO2 did not increase growth by reducing the salt load. Our results suggest that high CO2 increased growth by stimulating the development of tiller buds that would otherwise have been inhibited.

The effects of drought on barley: soil and plant water relations

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Day ◽  
D. W. Lawlor ◽  
B. J. Legg
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Root Density ◽  
Water Vapour Pressure ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
Measured Resistance ◽  
Effects Of Drought

SUMMARYIn a field experiment on the effects of drought on spring barley, the crop was protected from rainfall by automatic rain shelters; a range of drought treatments was achieved by irrigating various plots according to a predetermined schedule. There were 12 treatments which ranged from no irrigation to full irrigation from emergence to harvest; results from seven treatments are discussed in this paper.The rate of water uptake was determined for four soil horizons centred at 0·15, 0·50, 0·80 and 1·10 m. For all treatments, the rate of uptake in each horizon decreased as the soil dried, and although there were large differences in root density between horizons, maximum rates of uptake were similar in all horizons down to 0·80 m. Treatment effects showed that prolonged drought decreased the rate of uptake from the 0·80 and 1·10 m horizons: root density at and below 1·0 m probably differed between treatments.Differences between treatments in leaf water potential (ψL) and osmotic potential (πL) were small, and there was no evidence that osmotic adjustment contributed to the drought response of this crop. Near anthesis, pre-dawn ψL was near zero for irrigated treatments and between – 3 and – 5 bar for unirrigated. During the day, ψL decreased to a minimum of – 15 to – 18 bar for irrigated plants, and was generally 3 bar lower for unirrigated. For all treatments, ψL was greater than π for the major part of the day, i.e. positive turgor was maintained; however, turgor was usually greater for irrigated than for unirrigated plants. The relationship, for leaf 8, between ψL and transpiration flux density was markedly non-linear, and was of a similar form for irrigated and vinirrigated plants. As the form of this relationship was independent of treatment, the non-linearity could not have been caused by variations in soil water potential through the profile.Stomatal resistance differed markedly between treatments. A detailed analysis is presented, relating measured resistance for leaf 8 to ψL and to environmental variables: irradiance (I), water vapour pressure deficit (vpd), and temperature (T). The analysis showed no significant dependence of resistance on ψL or T, but marked dependence on I and vpd; a mathematical model combining a hyperbolic response function for I and an exponential function for vpd fitted the data well. The responses of abaxial and adaxial surface resistances to vpd were similar, but their light responses differed because of their different exposures to incident irradiance.

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Dry Matter Production in Maize Silking Stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren-He ZHANG ◽  
Dong-Wei GUO ◽  
Xing-Hua ZHANG ◽  
Hai-Dong LU ◽  
Jian-Chao LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Determining the Performance of Five Ornamental Grasses under Reduced Moisture Conditions

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 491a-491
Author(s):  
James T. Cole ◽  
Janet C. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Potential Transpiration

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of five ornamental grass species under reduced moisture. This experiment was conducted in the greenhouse with three water treatments for each species: 1) Well-watered plants were irrigated daily throughout the experiment, 2) acclimated-plants were exposed to four drought cycles prior to a final drought period in which measurements were taken, and 3) non-acclimated plants received daily irrigation until undergoing a drought cycle in which measurements were taken. A drought cycle was defined as the time from irrigation until Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) measured 0 (zero). Preliminary observations determined the plants to be under severe stress, but capable of recovering at TDR measurements of 0. All plants were established from tillers of a single parent for each species. Two plants of each species for the three treatments were established in five blocks. Leaf water potential, osmotic potential, transpiration, stomatal resistance, and relative water content were measured during the drought cycle. At the end of the experiment the leaf area and root and shoot dry weights were determined, root to shoot ratio and leaf area ratio were calculated, and the plants were analyzed for macronutrient and micronutrient contents.

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