A longitudinal study of the changing pattern in Aboriginal infants & Growth 1966–76

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Warwick cox
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Australian Aborigines ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Breast Weight ◽  
Weight For Age

SummaryComparison of some longitudinal data on infant weight in two samples of Australian Aborigines indicates changes in infant growth between 1966 and 1976 which suggest that at the time when the child comes off the breast, weight gain slows. This faltering of weight gain is often followed by a partial catch-up, but the resultant weight for age at 1 year corresponds with a lower British centile than the child was at just before weaning.

scholarly journals Protocol of the Snuggle Bug/Acurrucadito Study: a longitudinal study investigating the influences of sleep-wake patterns and gut microbiome development in infancy on rapid weight gain, an early risk factor for obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Petrov ◽  
Nana Jiao ◽  
Sarada S. Panchanathan ◽  
Elizabeth Reifsnider ◽  
Dean V. Coonrod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Wake Patterns

Abstract Background Overweight, obesity, and associated comorbidities are a pressing global issue among children of all ages, particularly among low-income populations. Rapid weight gain (RWG) in the first 6 months of infancy contributes to childhood obesity. Suboptimal sleep-wake patterns and gut microbiota (GM) have also been associated with childhood obesity, but little is known about their influences on early infant RWG. Sleep may alter the GM and infant metabolism, and ultimately impact obesity; however, data on the interaction between sleep-wake patterns and GM development on infant growth are scarce. In this study, we aim to investigate associations of infant sleep-wake patterns and GM development with RWG at 6 months and weight gain at 12 months. We also aim to evaluate whether temporal interactions exist between infant sleep-wake patterns and GM, and if these relations influence RWG. Methods The Snuggle Bug/ Acurrucadito study is an observational, longitudinal study investigating whether 24-h, actigraphy-assessed, sleep-wake patterns and GM development are associated with RWG among infants in their first year. Based on the Ecological Model of Growth, we propose a novel conceptual framework to incorporate sleep-wake patterns and the GM as metabolic contributors for RWG in the context of maternal-infant interactions, and familial and socio-physical environments. In total, 192 mother-infant pairs will be recruited, and sleep-wake patterns and GM development assessed at 3 and 8 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postpartum. Covariates including maternal and child characteristics, family and environmental factors, feeding practices and dietary intake of infants and mothers, and stool-derived metabolome and exfoliome data will be assessed. The study will apply machine learning techniques combined with logistic time-varying effect models to capture infant growth and aid in elucidating the dynamic associations between study variables and RWG. Discussion Repeated, valid, and objective assessment at clinically and developmentally meaningful intervals will provide robust measures of longitudinal sleep, GM, and growth. Project findings will provide evidence for future interventions to prevent RWG in infancy and subsequent obesity. The work also may spur the development of evidence-based guidelines to address modifiable factors that influence sleep-wake and GM development and prevent childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Association between gestational weight gain and risk of obesity in preadolescence: a longitudinal study (1997-2007) of 5125 children in Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Mourtakos ◽  
K. D. Tambalis ◽  
D. B. Panagiotakos ◽  
G. Antonogeorgos ◽  
C. D. Alexi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight

A Longitudinal Study of the Factor VII Rise during Pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
pp. 328-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wright ◽  
J. M. Thomson ◽  
A. Sidebotham ◽  
C. F. Hirst ◽  
P. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Factor Viia ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Foetal Growth ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Activity State ◽  
State Factor

SummaryA longitudinal study of 21 pregnant women has been undertaken using a variety of factor VII assays, including factor VIIa, to investigate the increase of factor VIIc. All assays demonstrated significant rises (p <0.001), most marked for factor VIIa (82%) and factor VIIc rabbit (81%). Smaller rises were seen for factor VIIc bovine (50%) and VII antigen (40%). Three indirect measures of activity state, factor VIIc rabbit:antigen, bovine:antigen and bovine:rabbit, provided conflicting data. Factor VIIa:antigen showed a significant increase of 36% (p <0.001). Within individual pregnancies the change in factor VIIc rabbit and antigen correlated with maternal weight gain (p <0.05). Two activity state measures, bovine:rabbit and bovine:antigen, showed negative correlation with birthweight. The increases in both zymogen and in activity state appear to contribute to the factor VIIc rise. The extent of this rise appears to be influenced by maternal weight gain. Increased factor VII activation is associated with reduced foetal growth.

scholarly journals Protocol for iGrow (Infant Growth and Development Study): biopsychosocial predictors of childhood obesity risk at 2 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M. Leerkes ◽  
Cheryl Buehler ◽  
Susan D. Calkins ◽  
Lenka H. Shriver ◽  
Laurie Wideman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maternal Sensitivity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Early Weight Gain ◽  
Infant Weight Gain

Abstract Background Childhood obesity remains a significant public health problem. To date, most research on the causes and correlates of obesity has focused on a small number of direct predictors of obesity rather than testing complex models that address the multifactorial nature of the origins of obesity in early development. We describe the rationale and methods of iGrow (Infant Growth and Development Study) which will test multiple pathways by which (a) prenatal maternal psychobiological risk predicts infant weight gain over the first 6 months of life, and (b) this early weight gain confers risk for obesity at age 2. Infant hormonal and psychobiological risk are proposed mediators from prenatal risk to early weight gain, though these are moderated by early maternal sensitivity and obesogenic feeding practices. In addition, higher maternal sensitivity and lower obesogenic feeding practices are proposed predictors of adaptive child self-regulation in the second year of life, and all three are proposed to buffer/reduce the association between high early infant weight gain and obesity risk at age 2. Methods iGrow is a prospective, longitudinal community-based study of 300 diverse mothers and infants to be followed across 5 data waves from pregnancy until children are age 2. Key measures include (a) maternal reports of demographics, stress, well-being, feeding practices and child characteristics and health; (b) direct observation of maternal and infant behavior during feeding, play, and distress-eliciting tasks during which infant heart rate is recorded to derive measures of vagal withdrawal; (c) anthropometric measures of mothers and infants; and (d) assays of maternal prenatal blood and infant saliva and urine. A host of demographic and other potential confounds will be considered as potential covariates in structural equation models that include tests of mediation and moderation. Efforts to mitigate the deleterious effects of COVID-19 on study success are detailed. Discussion This study has the potential to inform (1) basic science about early life processes casually related to childhood obesity and (2) development of targeted intervention and prevention approaches that consider mother, infant, and family risks and resources.

scholarly journals Association Between Added Sugars from Infant Formulas and Rapid Weight Gain in US Infants and Toddlers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Ling Kong ◽  
Brenda Burgess ◽  
Katherine S Morris ◽  
Tyler Re ◽  
Holly R Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Weight For Age

ABSTRACT Background Formulas often contain high amounts of added sugars, though little research has studied their connection to obesity. Objectives This study assessed the contribution of added sugars from formulas during complementary feeding on total added sugar intakes, and the association between these sugars and upward weight-for-age percentile (WFA%) crossing (i.e., participants crossing a higher threshold percentile were considered to have an upward crossing). Methods Data from three 24-hour dietary recalls for infants (n = 97; 9–12 months) and toddlers (n = 44; 13–15 months) were obtained in this cross-sectional analysis. Foods and beverages with added sugars were divided into 17 categories. Pearson's correlations were used to test relations between added sugar intake and upward WFA% crossing, followed by multivariable regressions when significant. ANOVA compared intakes of all, milk-based, and table foods between primarily formula-fed compared with breastfed participants. Multivariable regressions were used to test effects of added sugars and protein from all foods compared with added sugars and protein from milk-based sources on upward WFA% crossing. Results Added sugars from formulas comprised 66% and 7% of added sugars consumed daily by infants and toddlers, respectively. A significant association was observed between upward WFA% crossing and added sugars from milk-based sources after controlling for gestational age, sex, age, introduction to solid foods, mean energy intakes, and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and education (β = 0.003; 95% CI, 0.000–0.007; P = 0.046). Primarily formula-fed participants consumed nearly twice the energy from added sugars (P = 0.003) and gained weight faster (upward WFA% crossing = 1.1 ± 1.2 compared with 0.3 ± 0.6, respectively; P &lt; 0.001) than their breastfed counterparts. Conclusions Added sugars in formulas predict rapid weight gain in infants and toddlers. Educating mothers on lower-sugar options may enhance childhood obesity prevention.

Fathers' Hospital Visits to Their Preterm Infants as a Predictor of Father-Infant Relationship and Infant Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Rachel Levy-Shiff ◽  
Michael A. Hoffman ◽  
Salli Mogilner ◽  
Susan Levinger ◽  
Mario B. Mogilner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Hospital Visits

This short-term longitudinal study assessed the degree to which the frequency of fathers' visits with their preterm infants in the hospital was associated with the quality of ongoing and long-term fathering and infant development. Data on fathering and infant development were collected during the hospital stay, at discharge, at 8 months of age, and at 18 months of age, using both questionnaires and observational schedules. The frequency of visits was significantly correlated with more extensive and positive patterns of fathering at discharge and later periods. It was also associated with more positive perceptions of the infant, as well as with weight gain during hospitalization and psychosocial aspects of later infant development during the first 18 months. The discussion emphasized possible ways in which early paternal contact in the hospital might influence fathers, mothers, and infants. The frequency of paternal visits was highlighted as a variable useful in predicting high-risk parenting.

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