The average culling rate of Dutch dairy herds over the years 2007 to 2010 and its association with herd reproduction, performance and health

2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhariani Mohd Nor ◽  
Wilma Steeneveld ◽  
Henk Hogeveen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Production ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Reproduction Performance

Optimising the number of replacement heifers needed will have positive economic and environmental consequences on herds that rear their own young stock. The number of heifers needed to be kept is closely related with the number of culled dairy cows in the herd. This study therefore looked at the variation that exists in culling rate and herd level factors associated with it. A dataset from 1903 dairy herds available included information at animal level (dates of culling, slaughter/death) and herd level (characteristics of reproduction, performance, health) over the years 2007 to 2010. The average culling rate for slaughter/death was used and was defined for each year as percentage of the herd size that died within 30 d after they were culled. The analysis of the association between average culling rate for slaughter/death and the characteristics of the herd was performed using a mixed model. The results showed that the average culling rate for slaughter/death was 25·4% and varied between 23% (2007) and 28% (2010). More than 70% of the herds have an average culling rate for slaughter/death of less than 30%, showing that there is room for lowering the average culling rate for slaughter/death. A higher average culling rate for slaughter/death is associated with a longer average calving interval, a higher average 305-d protein production, a higher average somatic cell count (SCC), a higher percentage of new high SCC, a more than 5% decrease in herd size, and herds that bought more than 1% of animals per year. A lower average culling rate for slaughter/death is associated with a longer average age, herds that bought less than 1% of animals per year and a more than 5% increase in herd size. In conclusion, the average culling rate for slaughter/death is associated with fertility, udder health and openness of the herd.

scholarly journals Factors associated with 56-day non-return rate in dairy cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Fouz ◽  
Fernando Gandoy ◽  
María Luisa Sanjuán ◽  
Eduardo Yus ◽  
Francisco Javier Diéguez
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
North West ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Major Factors

The objective of this work was to identify factors associated with the 56-day non-return rate (56-NRR) in dairy herds in the Galician region, Spain, and to estimate it for individual Holstein bulls. The experiment was carried out in herds originated from North-West Spain, from September 2008 to August 2009. Data of the 76,440 first inseminations performed during this period were gathered. Candidate factors were tested for their association with the 56-NRR by using a logistic model (binomial). Afterwards, 37 sires with a minimum of 150 first performed inseminations were individually evaluated. Logistic models were also estimated for each bull, and predicted individual 56-NRR rate values were calculated as a solution for the model parameters. Logistic regression found four major factors associated with 56-NRR in lactating cows: age at insemination, days from calving to insemination, milk production level at the time of insemination, and herd size. First-service conception rate, when a particular sire was used, was higher for heifers (0.71) than for lactating cows (0.52). Non-return rates were highly variable among bulls. Asignificant part of the herd-level variation of 56-NRR of Holstein cattle seems attributable to the service sire. High correlation level between observed and predicted 56-NRR was found.

Cow- and herd-level factors associated with lameness in small-scale grazing dairy herds in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Bran ◽  
Rolnei R. Daros ◽  
Marina A.G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
Stephen J. LeBlanc ◽  
Maria José Hötzel
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Herd-level risk factors associated with cow mortality in Swedish dairy herds

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 4352-4362 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Alvåsen ◽  
M. Jansson Mörk ◽  
C. Hallén Sandgren ◽  
P.T. Thomsen ◽  
U. Emanuelson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Swedish Dairy

Herd-level risk factors associated with Leptospira Hardjo infection in dairy herds in the southern Tohoku, Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Miyama ◽  
Eiji Watanabe ◽  
Yoshimi Ogata ◽  
Yoshiro Urushiyama ◽  
Naoya Kawahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Factors Associated

Within-herd prevalence ofSalmonellaDublin in endemically infected dairy herds

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (10) ◽  
pp. 2074-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. NIELSEN
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Young Stock ◽  
Herd Prevalence ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Dynamics Models

SUMMARYIn this study within-herd prevalence ofSalmonellaDublin was investigated in three age groups (calves, young stock, adult cows) during five herd visits at 3-month intervals of 14 endemically infected dairy herds. A total of 10162 paired faecal cultures and antibody measurements were used to calculate the age and temporal dynamics of seroprevalence and prevalence of positive faecal cultures. Faecal culture-positive prevalence was generally low. It was highest (5·4%) in calves during December to February. Seroprevalence varied from 0% to 70% between herds, but was generally more stable in young stock and adult cows than in calves. Hierarchical mixed-model results showed that seroprevalence was associated with the bacteriological status in calves and cows, but not in young stock. These results can be used to develop and validate theoretical infection dynamics models and to design effective control programmes forSalmonellaDublin in dairy herds.

scholarly journals Factors associated with professional identity formation within psychiatry residency training: A longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Hui Chew ◽  
Yvonne Steinert ◽  
Kang Sim
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Psychiatry Residency ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction Conceptual frameworks for professional identity (PI) formation highlight the importance of developmental stages and socialization as the learner progresses from legitimate peripheral to full participation. Based on extant literature and clinical impressions, the authors aimed to explore factors associated with PI formation in psychiatry residents over time, and hypothesized that time in training, seniority status, and duration of exposure to psychiatry prior to residency would be associated with PI formation. Methods Eighty out of 96 psychiatry residents (response rate, 83.3%) from the National Psychiatry Residency Program in Singapore participated and rated their PI development using the Professional Self Identity Questionnaire (PSIQ) across four timepoints from January 2016–December 2019. The residents were classified as junior (first 3 years) or senior residents (years 4–5). Linear mixed model analyses were conducted, with time in training, seniority status (junior versus senior residents), duration of psychiatry postings prior to residency, and their interaction as associated factors with PI over time. Results Time in training, seniority, and duration of psychiatry postings before residency (all p < 0.01) were significantly associated with higher PSIQ scores at baseline. Over time, although all residents had increases in PSIQ scores, this rate of change did not differ significantly between junior and senior residents. Discussion Exposure to psychiatry postings before residency, time in learning, and seniority are factors which influence PI development in residents. This has implications for psychiatry residency selection and training, adequate clinical exposure during training rotations, and continual support for new and senior residents to foster PI formation over time.

scholarly journals Influence of category, herd size, grazing and management on epidemiology of bovine viral diarrhoea in dairy herds

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Bedeković ◽  
Nina Lemo ◽  
Ljubo Barbić ◽  
Željko Cvetnić ◽  
Ivana Lojkić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Persistently Infected ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
High Prevalence

The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of category, herd size, common grazing and management as risk factors in maintaining bovine viral diarrhoea infection in dairy herds. A total of 987 sera samples obtained from 202 heifers, 653 cows and 132 calves from 103 herds in Croatia were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In order to establish the prevalence of persistently infected cattle, 35 herds were selected. Ear notch tissue samples from all animals in selected herds (n = 2284) were collected and analyzed by antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The true prevalence of specific antibodies was 61.61% and the estimated prevalence of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus at the herd level was 100%. The prevalence of persistently infected animals was 0.53% and the prevalence of persistently infected herds was 20%. The antibodies prevalence was higher in cows, in herds that use common pasture and in larger herds (P < 0.001). The prevalence of persistently infected animals was not connected with the herd size but production management on big farms contributed to maintaining the virus. The obtained results suggest that production management was an important risk factor in bovine viral diarrohea epidemiology. High prevalence of antibodies and high prevalence of persistently infected herds requires implementation of control and eradication programs at a national or even regional level. The presented data complete the BVD epidemiological investigations from this part of Europe.

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