Toxocara canis infection in dogs in Beersheba, Israel

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis M. Cross ◽  
Ronan Zeitan ◽  
Viola Torok
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
The City ◽  
Low Rate

AbstractIn the desert city of Beersheba, Israel, a survey was made of the infection rate of Toxocara canis in dogs. 3.0% of dogs destroyed at the municipal dog pound had intestinal T. canis. 7% of faecal samples gathered from day care centres throughout the city were shown to contain T. canis eggs. This low rate of infection could possibly be explained by the hot, arid climatic conditions which may render eggs non-infective or by the sandy soil in the area that may cover faeces containing T. canis ova and make the eggs unavailable to other dogs.

scholarly journals The impact of training for day-care educators on childhood anaemia in nurseries: an institutional randomised clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1450-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulio Konstantyner ◽  
José Augusto AC Taddei ◽  
Mariana de Novaes Oliveira ◽  
Domingos Palma ◽  
Fernando AB Colugnati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Day Care Centre

AbstractObjectiveTo test the impact of training for educators on the health of children enrolled in public and philanthropic day-care nurseries.DesignA randomised, institutional, non-blind clinical trial was conducted. An educational intervention was performed in four day-care centres and the control group consisted of four other day-care centres. Interviews with the mothers, collection of blood from the children by digital puncture and anthropometry were performed. The chosen indicator for the improvement of health was anaemia (Hb <11 g/dl). An unconditional logistic regression model was set for the risk factors for anaemia, considering associations with P ≤ 0·05 as statistically significant.SettingEight day-care centres in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.SubjectsTwo hundred and fifty-two children from day-care nurseries.ResultsThe children from the day-care centres that were not subject to intervention presented a 2·11 times greater risk (95% CI 1·04, 4·30; P = 0·40) of having anaemia at the end of the study independent of the control variables (sex, age, time in the day-care centre, anaemia at the beginning of the study, maternal age, use of oral iron supplements, number of siblings, per capita family income, use of antibiotics and the necessity of avoidable hospitalisations) used in the construction of the final logistical model.ConclusionsThe assessed educational intervention promoted significant changes in the health status of the children, reinforcing the importance of training for professionals who care for young children in day-care centres in developing countries in order to promote child health.

Human density, economic level and frequency of canine helminths in Buenos Aires

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rubel ◽  
N. Flaibani
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Human Density

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore through cross-sectional study the variation in the prevalence of parasitic helminths in canine faeces collected from green spaces of Buenos Aires according to the human density (HD) and economic level (EL) in the surroundings. HD and EL were considered as independent variables with three categories each. Twenty public squares (one hectare of surface) were randomly selected for each existing combination of the two independent variables. Ten random samples of fresh canine faeces were obtained in each square and analysed for helminths by the sedimentation and flotation techniques. The prevalence for each of the species was analysed using generalized linear models (GLM). The prevalence was modelled with a binomial error distribution and a logit link function. Helminth eggs were detected in 45 out of the 200 (22.5%) faecal samples collected and in 18 of the 20 green spaces sampled. The species observed were Ancylostoma caninum (13% of samples), Trichuris vulpis (8%) and Toxocara canis (4.5%). The GLM indicated that the prevalence of A. caninum in the slum areas (very high HD and very low EL) was higher than that in the other areas studied. However, the HD seemed to contribute more than the EL to the variations in the prevalence of A. caninum in faecal samples. The GLM showed no differences in the prevalence of the other parasite species for the different levels of the independent variables.

scholarly journals When Authenticity Goes Missing: How Monocultural Children’s Literature Is Silencing the Voices and Contributing to Invisibility of Children from Minority Backgrounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Helen Adam
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Children's Literature ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
The Impact

The importance of recognising, valuing and respecting a child’s family, culture, language and values is central to socially just education and is increasingly articulated in educational policy worldwide. Inclusive children’s literature can support children’s human rights and contribute to equitable and socially just outcomes for all children. However, evidence suggests many educational settings provide monocultural book collections which are counterproductive to principles of diversity and social justice. Further, that educators’ understandings and beliefs about diversity can contribute to inequitable provision and use of diverse books and to inequitable outcomes of book sharing for many children. This paper reports on a larger study investigating factors and relationships influencing the use of children’s literature to support principles of cultural diversity in the kindergarten rooms of long day care centres. The study was conducted within an ontological perspective of constructivism and an epistemological perspective of interpretivism informed by sociocultural theory. A mixed methods approach was adopted, and convergent design was employed interpret significant relationships and their meanings. Twenty-four educators and 110 children from four long day care centres in Western Australia participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, video-based observations, field notes, document analysis and a book audit. This study firstly identified that current book collections in kindergarten rooms of long day care centres promote mono-cultural viewpoints and ‘othering’ of minority groups through limited access to books portraying inclusive and authentic cultural diversity. Secondly, that educators had limited understandings of the role of literature in acknowledging and valuing diversity and rarely used it to promote principles of diversity, resulting in a practice of “othering” those from minority group backgrounds. The key challenges which emerged from the study concerned beliefs, understanding and confidence of educators about diversity and inclusion, and the impact of these on their approaches to promoting principles of diversity through the use of children’s books. This research contributes to discussion on the value of children’s literature in achieving international principles of diversity. These findings have important social justice implications. The outcomes of this study have implications for educators, policy makers, early childhood organisations and those providing higher education and training for early childhood educators.

scholarly journals Effects of Dance Therapy on Balance and Risk of Falls in Older Persons

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Esha Chakravarty ◽  
Indrani Chakravarty ◽  
Ipsito Chakravarty ◽  
Prasenjit Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Dance Therapy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
Therapy Sessions

Abstract Loss of balance and risk of falls is a major problem in older persons. Literature shows increasing use of yoga practices and dance therapy across Indian oldage homes and day care centres to improve balance and reduce risk of falls in older persons. Aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of dance therapy with focus on therapeutic movements derived from Indian classical dances on balance and risk of falls in older adults of Day Care Centres in Calcutta Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, under Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt. of India. Total of 24 older adults across 2 day care centres participated in the study attending dance therapy sessions for 3 months. All of them self reported problems of balance and repeated falls alongwith difficulties in performing Activities of Daily Living. Twenty one of them were females and 3 males. The mean age of the participants was 75.5 years. Limits of Stabililty (LOS) was used to measure balance and pre tests and post tests were performed. Results showed that the Limits of Stability were significantly higher (17.5%) in older persons after participating in the dance therapy sessions. This study supports that dance therapy using movements derived from Indian classical dance forms can support older persons to function with reduced risk of falls, improved balance, safely carry out mobility tasks and perform better Activities of Daily Living . Further studies can show how dance therapy can facilitate healthy ageing and influence State policies on healthy ageing.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach Using Spatial Analysis to Study the Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis in Area of Recent Transmission

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Alves Menezes ◽  
Eduardo de Castro Ferreira ◽  
José Dilermando Andrade-Filho ◽  
Alessandra Mara de Sousa ◽  
Mayron Henrique Gomes Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Recent Transmission ◽  
Current Transmission ◽  
Canine Infection ◽  
The City

Some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of Formiga, Brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. Those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. Sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. The most captured species includedLutzomyia longipalpis(35.3%),Lutzomyia cortelezzii(33.5%), andLutzomyia whitmani(18.3%). A significant correlation between sand fly densities and climatic conditions was detected. Serological diagnosis (DPP and ELISA) was performed in 570 dogs indicating a prevalence of 5.8%. After sequencing the main species circulating in the area wereLeishmania infantumandLeishmania braziliensis. Spatial analysis demonstrated that vegetation and hydrography may be related to sand fly distribution and infected dogs. The municipality of Formiga has proven leishmaniasis vectors and infected dogs indicating the circulation of the parasite in the city. Correlation of those data with environmental and human cases has identified the critical areas for control interventions (south, northeast, and northwest). In conclusion, there is current transmission of visceral and canine human cases and the city is on the risk for the appearance of cutaneous cases.

Giardia carriage in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children attending urban day-care centres in South Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
T. R. GRIMMOND ◽  
A. J. RADFORD ◽  
T. BROWNRIDGE ◽  
A. FARSHID ◽  
C. HARRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Day Care Centres ◽  
Aboriginal Children

scholarly journals Parasitic contamination of urban and rural environments in the Slovak Republic: dog’s excrements as a source

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Papajová ◽  
J. Pipiková ◽  
J. Papaj ◽  
A. Čižmár
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the possibility of soil contamination with propagative stages of intestinal endoparasites at different public places (public parks, playgrounds, sandpits, sidewalks, road sides). In a one-year-study, totally 578 dog’s faecal samples from 8 towns (Košice, Trebišov, Veľké Kapušany, Prešov, Snina, Levoča, Zvolen and Trenčín) and 3 villages (Dlhé Stráže, Dravce, Valaliky) were examined for the presence of parasitic germs. 29.9 % of faecal samples were positive. Eight different species of intestinal parasites with following incidence were detected: Toxocara canis (11.9 %), Trichuris vulpis (8.5 %), Ancylostomatidae (8.1 %), Taenia spp. (4.0 %), Toxascaris leonina (3.1 %), Capillaria spp. (1.0 %), Dipylidium caninum (0.2 %) and Coccidia oocysts (0.2 %). Additionally 285 sandpits were examined. Sand samples were collected from Košice (136), Zvolen (38), Trenčín (36), Prešov (30), Veľké Kapušany (24), Snina (15), and village Valaliky (6). The parasitic eggs occurence in the sandpits was as follows: Toxocara spp. (11.8 %), Ancylostomatidae (1.1 %), Taenia type (0.7 %) and Trichuris spp. (0.4 %). The occurrence of Toxocara spp. varied between the urban and rural environments. The highest number of Toxocara spp. was found in village Valaliky (33.3 %) whereas cities showed lesser prevalence (Prešov — 10 %, Košice — 7.4 %, Trenčín — 5.6 %, Zvolen — 5.3 %, Veľké Kapušany — 4.2 %). The epidemiological aspects and health risk factors are also discussed.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniaetransmission in Portuguese and Finnish day-care centres

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Pessoa ◽  
Fabian Hoti ◽  
Ritva Syrjänen ◽  
Raquel Sá-Leão ◽  
Tarja Kaijalainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Day Care Centres

A PROMISING ASSORTMENT OF TREES AND SHRUBS FOR LANDSCAPING IN VOLGOGRAD CITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
E.N. Tyukhtina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The article deals with one of the most relevant topics of the modern city and ecology - the problem of landscaping in Volgograd. The city is characterized by an industrial urbanism, with a high concentration of population, saturation of production facilities and vehicles, which contributes to a high level of negative impact on the environment. The pace of greening of the city lags behind the pace of construction of the residential sector, and the existing green spaces do not meet the sanitary and hygienic, aesthetic requirements. The prospects of this problem are determined, the existing green spaces are considered, data on the climatic conditions of the city and the ecological situation are given. Improvement in the field of landscaping is associated with the scientifically sound placement of green spaces, taking into account all the factors that affect the growth and development of plants in the urban environment. Unfortunately, due to the uneven distribution of the assortment of trees and shrubs, the species composition of the central streets and squares of the city is extremely poor. The study focuses on the role of the botanical garden in urban landscaping and aims to create recommendations for the sorting of tree and shrub plants for urban landscaping. As a result of the analysis of the assortment of ornamental plants of the open ground of the botanical garden, the article proposed species and varieties of woody and shrubby plants that have passed the introduction tests for more than 5-10 years. Recommendations for sorting are aimed at improving the ecological situation of the city and greening the recreation areas of citizens. The proposed list of tree and shrub species cannot fully solve the problem of greening the city, but it will help to significantly enrich the composition of tree and shrub plants.

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