Variable morphotactics in Information-based Morphology

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERTHOLD CRYSMANN ◽  
OLIVIER BONAMI
Keyword(s):  
Formal Theory ◽  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rule Type ◽  
Feature Structures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nominal Declension ◽  
Extended Discussion ◽  
Order Variability

We address variable morphotactics, the phenomenon of order variability of morphs, in the context of inflectional morphology. Based on an extended discussion of cross-linguistic variation, including conjugation in Nepali, Fula, Swahili, Chintang and Italian, and nominal declension in Ostyak and Mari, we propose a canonical typology that identifies different deviations from strict ordering. Following a discussion of previous approaches to the problem, we propose Information-based Morphology, an inferential-realisational and model-theoretic approach to morphology couched in a logic of typed feature structures. Within this formal theory, we develop detailed analyses of the core cases in the typology and show how different types and degrees of deviation from the canon can be pin-pointed in the relative complexity of the rule type hierarchies that model the data. Furthermore, we show that complex deviations, as attested in Mari, can be understood as combinations of more basic deviations.

Modeling Relationships Among Design Activities

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Belhe ◽  
A. Kusiak
Keyword(s):  
Design Activity ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Due Date ◽  
Activity Network ◽  
Graph Theoretic ◽  
Graph Theoretic Approach ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Exclusive Or

In this paper, a graph theoretic approach for transformation and analysis of a network of design activities with different types of logical relationships is presented. In addition to the AND type relationship, OR and EXCLUSIVE OR relationships may exist between design activities. This relationship is captured using the IDEF3 notation. The algorithm generates various alternative precedence networks and clusters of design activities in each of these precedence networks. These alternative transformations are further used to analyze the risk of violating the due date of the design activity network. The concepts introduced in this paper are illustrated with an example.

Agents of peace: place, identity and peacebuilding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gëzim Visoka
Keyword(s):  
Place Identity ◽  
Critical Hermeneutics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Modes Of Governance

This chapter provides a new account of identity and practices of agents in the context of post-conflict peacebuilding. It investigates how place, habitus, and fields of interaction alongside the performative roles shape the identity of agents and their socialization in practice. To explore the relation between the agents’ presence and their impact on peacebuilding, this paper bypasses the exclusionary dichotomies between local/international and liberal/indigenous agents, and develops a typology of six types of agents horizontally arranged around their insideness and outsideness towards a particular conflict-affected place. Using human geography and critical hermeneutics, this paper categorises ‘agents of peace’ in six different types: existential insiders, subjective insiders, empathetic insiders, behavioural insiders, objective outsiders, and existential outsiders. The core argument of this article is that the differentiation of agents around the geographical and performance towards a particular place facilitates the exploration of pluralist forms of agency and a more nuanced understanding of dynamics in post-conflict societies. An expanded and plural view of agents captures better the fields of interaction and hybridization, agential knowledge and narratives, modes of governance, and various everyday practices that enable or inhibit sustainable peace.

Main Steam Line Break Calculations Using a Coupled RELAP5/PARCS Model for the Ringhals-3 Pressurized Water Reactor

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Sta˚lek ◽  
Jo´zsef Ba´na´ti ◽  
Christophe Demazie`re
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fuel Assembly ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Steam Line ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Steam Line ◽  
Main Steam ◽  
Control Rods

A Main Steam Line Break (MSLB) is an important transient for Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) due to the strong positive reactivity introduced by the over-cooling of the core. Since this effect is stronger when the Moderator Temperature Coefficient (MTC) has a large amplitude, a conservative result will be obtained for a high burnup of the fuel due to the more negative MTC late in the cycle. The calculations have been performed at a cycle burnup of 12.9742 GWd/tHM. The Swedish Ringhals-3 PWR is a three loop Westinghouse design, currently with a thermal power of 3000 MW. The PARCS model has 157 fuel assemblies of 8 different types. Four different types of reflector are used. The cross sections, and kinetic data were obtained from CASMO-4 calculations, using a cross section interface developed at the department. There are 24 axial nodes, and 2×2 radial nodes for each assembly. The transient option for calculating the effect of poisoning was used. The PARCS model has been validated against steady-state measurements from Ringhals-3 of the Relative Power Fraction (RPF) and of the core criticality. The RELAP5 model has 157 channels for the core which means that there is a one to one correspondence between the thermal hydraulics model and the neutronics model. There is eight axial nodes. Originally, the intention was to have 24 axial nodes but this proved not to work because of some limitation in RELAP5. There is currently no mixing between the different channels in the core. The feedwater, and turbines are modelled as boundary conditions. The stand-alone RELAP5 model has been validated against steady state measurements from Ringhals-3. A number of different cases were considered. In the first case, both the isolation of the feedwater for the broken loop, and all the control rods were assumed to work properly. For the second case one of the control rods was assumed to be stuck. The stuck rod was located in the fuel assembly with the highest power. This rod has also one of the highest rod worths. In the final case, the feedwater control valve for the broken loop was fully open. None of the cases led to any recriticality. The increase in power for each fuel assembly was also investigated. With the control rod located in the assembly with the highest power, the maximum power increase before scram turned out to be about 25% compared to the initial power.

scholarly journals Dimensions of Design Space: A Decision-Theoretic Approach to Optimal Research Design

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Conti ◽  
Karl Claxton
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Bayesian Decision ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Clinical Endpoints ◽  
Optimal Sample ◽  
Different Types

Bayesian decision theory can be used not only to establish the optimal sample size and its allocation in a single clinical study but also to identify an optimal portfolio of research combining different types of study design. Within a single study, the highest societal payoff to proposed research is achieved when its sample sizes and allocation between available treatment options are chosen to maximize the expected net benefit of sampling (ENBS). Where a number of different types of study informing different parameters in the decision problem could be conducted, the simultaneous estimation of ENBS across all dimensions of the design space is required to identify the optimal sample sizes and allocations within such a research portfolio. This is illustrated through a simple example of a decision model of zanamivir for the treatment of influenza. The possible study designs include: 1) a single trial of all the parameters, 2) a clinical trial providing evidence only on clinical endpoints, 3) an epidemiological study of natural history of disease, and 4) a survey of quality of life. The possible combinations, samples sizes, and allocation between trial arms are evaluated over a range of cost-effectiveness thresholds. The computational challenges are addressed by implementing optimization algorithms to search the ENBS surface more efficiently over such large dimensions.

scholarly journals Indium Phosphide-Based Semiconductor Nanocrystals and Their Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mushonga ◽  
Martin O. Onani ◽  
Abram M. Madiehe ◽  
Mervin Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Indium Phosphide ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Semiconductor Nanocrystals ◽  
Core Size ◽  
The Core ◽  
Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Fluorescent Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Heating Up

Semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are nanometer-sized fluorescent materials with optical properties that can be fine-tuned by varying the core size or growing a shell around the core. They have recently found wide use in the biological field which has further enhanced their importance. This review focuses on the synthesis of indium phosphide (InP) colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals. The two synthetic techniques, namely, the hot-injection and heating-up methods are discussed. Different types of the InP-based QDs involving their use as core, core/shell, alloyed, and doped systems are reviewed. The use of inorganic shells for surface passivation is also highlighted. The paper is concluded by some highlights of the applications of these systems in biological studies.

Eddy Current Array Inspection of Damaged CFRP Sandwich Panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Underhill ◽  
T. Rellinger ◽  
T. W. Krause ◽  
D. Wowk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Face Sheet ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
The Core ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Phase Map

Abstract The use of eddy current (EC) arrays to detect damage in sandwich panels, such as disbonding of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) face-sheet to the core, is investigated. It is shown that the array is very sensitive to slight core crush and can readily find small dents and disbonds. At the same time, the eddy current array can look much deeper into the honeycomb to detect defects such as tears. The phase map of the EC signal can be used in some cases to distinguish between different types of damage. EC arrays offer the ability to rapidly scan large areas of CFRP panels.

Paradigm Function Morphology: Assumptions and Innovations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Stump
Keyword(s):  
Inflectional Morphology ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Recent Innovation ◽  
Morphological Theory ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Definition Of

Paradigm Function Morphology (PFM) is an evolving approach to modeling morphological systems in a precise and enlightening way. The fundamental insight of PFM is that words have both content and form and that in the context of an appropriately organized lexicon, a language’s morphology deduces a complex word’s form from its content. PFM is therefore a realizational theory: a language’s grammar and lexicon are assumed to provide a precise characterization of a word’s content, from which the language’s morphology then projects the corresponding form. Morphemes per se have no role in this theory; by contrast, paradigms have the essential role of defining the content that is realized by a language’s morphology. At the core of PFM is the notion of a paradigm function, a formal representation of the relation between a word’s content and its form; the definition of a language’s paradigm function is therefore the definition of its inflectional morphology. Recent elaborations of this idea assume a distinction between content paradigms and form paradigms, which makes it possible to account for a fact that is otherwise irreconcilable with current morphological theory—the fact that the set of morphosyntactic properties that determines a word’s syntax and semantics often differs from the set of properties (some of them morphomic) that determines a word’s inflectional form. Another recent innovation is the assumption that affixes and rules of morphology may be complex in the sense that they may be factored into smaller affixes and rules; the evidence favoring this assumption is manifold.

Kotextspezifische Semantik, Pragmatik und Wörterbuchform. Glossate in einsprachigen Wörterbüchern

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-487
Author(s):  
Herbert Ernst Wiegand
Keyword(s):  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Core Lexicon ◽  
Ways Of Being

AbstractBy means of a review of the use of the term gloss in the past three decades it becomes evident that the term gloss needs to be explained more precisely. After a brief discussion of the practice of lexicographic glossing it is clear that the mainreason for the use of the method of glossing lies therein that many words from the core lexicon have numerous cotext-specific senses and, for various reasons, restricted ways of being used. Because of the lack of an overview of the different types of glosses a typology of glosses with regard to their structure and topic is developed. In addition, different types of elementary and extended glosses are distinguished from sequences of glosses. Furthermore, different types of semantic glosses, e.g. semantically non-identified semantic glosses and (up to now not yet investigated) semantically identified semantic glosses with numerous subtypes as well as a variety of further types of semantic-pragmatic glosses are distinguished. The latter types have not yet been investigated although numerous subtypes can be distinguished, e.g. pragmatic- commenting semantic glosses and pragmatic-commented semantic glosses. It is furthermore shown that the functional equal post- and inner glosses have different places in a typology of lexicographic text segments because they are structurally different. For extended glosses different types of gloss segments are distinguished, e.g. pragmatic-commenting, semantic-commenting and -identifying as well as glossing gloss segments with numerous subtypes. A next section is dedicated to gloss addressing: gloss addressing, gloss-internal and gloss-excurrent gloss segment addressing are presented and different gloss accompanying addressing constellations are distinguished. All relations in which glosses occur are then investigated. Finally the different non-hierarchical as well as hierarchical gloss structures are presented.

Quantifying Heterogeneous Microstructures: Core and Mantle Subgrains in Deformed Calcite

2007 ◽  
Vol 550 ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L.A. Valcke ◽  
M.R. Drury ◽  
J.H.P. de Bresser ◽  
G.M. Pennock
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Subgrain Size ◽  
High Temperature Creep ◽  
Stress Dependence ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Heterogeneous Microstructures ◽  
Deformation Stress

Calcite deformed by high temperature creep develops a heterogeneous microstructure consisting of deformed and recrystallised grains. The deformed grains either contain homogeneously distributed subgrains of similar size, or heterogeneously distributed small subgrains at grain boundaries (mantle subgrains) and relatively large subgrains in the core of grains (core subgrains). This paper demonstrates a method using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) to distinguish between the different types of grains and subgrains and to measure their sizes separately. In geological materials the average subgrain size, regardless of the subgrain type, is often used to estimate the deformation stress. However, this paper shows that mantle and core subgrain types only show a weak or no stress dependence.

The Imperative of Diverse and Distinctive Musical Creativities as Practices of Social Justice

2015 ◽  
pp. 356-371
Author(s):  
Pamela Burnard
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Arts Organizations ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cultural Stereotyping ◽  
Memory Conflicts

Social injustice and intercultural tensions are often bound up with conflicts that create intolerances: conflicts of memory, conflicts of value, and conflicts of cultural stereotyping, which serve to demarcate one group from the alien “other.” Raising awareness through research needs to position academics, researchers, non-academics, and arts organizations as collaborative partners for deliberating about and developing intercultural translation; this requires dialogue, exchange, and co-construction. What forms the core of this chapter, then, are findings of ongoing research, presented as a layered story interlocking elements in theory and practice relating to how different types of creativities are recognized and communicated in the diverse practices of a particular organization, Musicians without Borders, whose projects work with the power of music to connect communities. This chapter presents an exploration of the empathic and intercultural creativities that emerge in the songwriting and improvisational practices of musical creativities, empathy, interculturality, practices, improvisation, and songwriting.

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