African Personal Dictatorships

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Decalo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Developed Nations

Nearly two decades ago Aristide Zolberg suggested that the most visible feature of independent Africa might well be instability and not stability, cleavage and conflict rather than unity and consensus. This observation holds equally true today. The elusive formula assuring the establishment of a viable and integrative political order has eluded many African states. Their failure politically to institutionalise themselves and to forge ahead in the direction of national integration and socio-economic development has been documented in the voluminous literature that has sprung up since Zolberg's original analysis. Ravaged now by natural disasters, international conflict or civil war, and military coups, early expectations of a relatively smooth transition from colonialism to meaningful independence have been dashed. While striking exceptions do exist, neither the richer nor the more developed nations are necessarily assured of stability and unity, given the continental context of scarcity and conflict.

scholarly journals Situation Analysis of Nation Building Efforts in Sri Lanka: From Early Years of Independence to Contemporary Days

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Kamran Fiaz
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
National Unity ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Displaced Populations

Despite the smooth transition of power from the British colonists to the Sri Lankan Sinhalese in 1949, Sri Lanka inherited considerable challenges. There has been conflict between the Sinhalese and the Tamils post-independence which led to a long and brutal civil war from 1983 to 2009. After the culmination of the civil war, Sri Lanka confronted numerous obstacles in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the country. Drawing from Birch’s model of national integration, this study attempts to examine the diverse political, economic, and social challenges facing Sri Lanka. The review shows that Sri Lanka needs critical nation building in the following areas: (i) Infrastructural development, (ii) Resettlements and rehabilitation of displaced populations (iii) Ethnic and religious integration, (iv) Equality in political representation, (v) Educational and employment policies, (vi) Gender equality policies, and (vii) mental health interventions for children and women. The role of international bodies, like the United Nations Human Rights Council, and neighboring countries is key to creating pressure for national integration and growth. There is fear that if national unity is not at the forefront of state and international policy for Sri Lanka, conflict and instability may arise again.

scholarly journals Perspective Chapter: Water, Natural Disasters and Socio-Economic Development in the Early 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Vaquero Piñeiro ◽  
Paola de Salvo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
First Case ◽  
Socio Economic Development

This chapter investigates the complex relationship between socio-economic development and environmental sustainability by focusing on one of the most vital natural phenomena: the water cycle. Considering the current public awareness of climate change and the growing number of natural disasters, focusing on this topic provides a better understanding of weaknesses and bottlenecks that 21st-century society faces daily. This work presents three case studies, different from each other but conceptually interconnected. The first case concerns the situation of lakes in the world, whose water in many cases is at risk of disappearing. In the second instance, we present the growing socio-economic risks generated by floods. Nowadays, floods play a fundamental role in influencing socio-economic development due to the dislocation of economic activities in Southeast Asian countries. Finally, we discuss desertification affecting large areas of the African continent. One aspect of great interest is the Grande Muraille Verte project promoted by numerous countries. Reforestation of large arid areas is the main issue; the attempt is to support local communities to implement agricultural and livestock activities. Socio-economic and environmental sustainability and resilience are the main challenges that countries, regions and local communities are facing.

scholarly journals Agriculture of Kuzbass Region in Early 1920s: Features of Development in Context of Agrarian Policy of RCP (b) and Consequences of Civil War

2020 ◽  
pp. 353-368
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Karpinets ◽  
M. G. Leukhova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the characterization of the crisis in the agriculture of the Kuzbass region in the early 1920s. Moreover, they are analyzed in the context of the consequences of the revolution and civil war. The issues of the dynamics of sown areas and animal husbandry in this territory are considered. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the volumes and structure of the peasant plow and regional herd are presented. The question is raised about the correlation of natural, climatic and socio-political factors in the conditions of the agricultural crisis of the early 1920s. The novelty of the study is that for the first time based on the processing of statistics, the state and dynamics of the main agricultural sectors in the Kuzbass region (Kuzbass) in the specified period are presented. The relevance of the study is due to its scientific and social significance. The first is determined by the fact that this kind of research, based on the analysis of statistical data, is carried out for the first time. The second is connected with the need to draw attention to the problems of sustainable socio-economic development of rural territories at present.

scholarly journals Ecotourism revisited: Last twenty-five years

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-154
Author(s):  
Abhinav Chandel ◽  
Sita Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Area 5 ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Developed Nations

Abstract The concept of ecotourism evolves differently in developing and developed nations due to which the basic principles of ecotourism are in question. The existing literature on ecotourism suggests ambiguity in conceptual understanding of ecotourism. Due to this qualm, ecotourism is evolving into various forms. Different stakeholders with varying objectives related to ecotourism make it further difficult to form the consensus on what constitutes ecotourism. Without the clear understanding of ecotourism, it is difficult to evolve ethics on which the ecotourism principles are based. The focus of this research is to find out the principle components or themes of ecotourism using a content analysis for the development of ecotourism policy and applications. This study identified six key components of ecotourism which are widely accepted by researchers and could be used to shape the fundamental understanding of ecotourism. These themes are: (1) Nature oriented travel; (2) Support of conservation; (3) Learning and appreciation; (4) Socio-economic development of local area; (5) Support and respect for local culture and (6) Local people (area) participation.

Social Recourses of the Population under Conditions of Losing Economic Stability

2015 ◽  
pp. 86-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Avraamova ◽  
T. Maleva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Development Stability ◽  
Made In

The loss of country’s socio-economic development stability puts on the agenda the problem of finding solutions contributing to the maintenance of Russian households’ welfare. The authors believe that these solutions lie in the broader area than applying various instruments of monetary support. The most effective solutions are related to the actualization of own resources of households that can act as a safety margin as well as a source of social development. The attempt to evaluate the households’ resource provision and highlight the significance of each resource enabling or creating barriers to the growth of households’ welfare is made in this article. On the basis of received conclusions social policy areas directed at preserving or enhancing the welfare are defined.

Sociostructural Aspects of Socio-Economic Development:The role of Economic approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-105
Author(s):  
M. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The author discusses the importance of studying socio-structural factors of socio-economic development through a broader application of the economic approach. The resources of status positions of economic agents are in the spotlight. A possible platform for interdisciplinary interactions is proposed which allows to increase the contribution of both economics and sociology in improving governance at all levels.

Russia’s Development Strategy: Guidelines and Restrictions

2008 ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Senchagov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Rates Of Growth

The core of Russia’s long-term socio-economic development strategy is represented by its conceptual basis. Having considered debating points about the essence and priority of the strategy, the author analyzes the logic and stages of its development as well as possibilities, restrictions and risks of high GDP rates of growth.

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