scholarly journals The Rate of Feeding by Mytilus in Different Kinds of Suspension

1949 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Barker Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Colloidal Graphite

The feeding rate of small specimens of Mytilus edulis (L.) has been determined in suspensions of colloidal graphite (‘Prodag’, grade ‘C’, and ‘Aquadag’, grade ‘S’), of flagellates, and of Nitzschia dosterium. The feeding rate was measured as the volume of water cleared from particles per unit time. In graphite suspensions, with particle size of about 4–5μ, as a rule only a small percentage of the particles was retained by the gills, whereas flagellates of about the same size were normally nearly all retained.

The effect of sediment type upon the position and depth at which byssal attachment occurs in Mytilus edulis

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Sediment Depth ◽  
Mussel Beds

The effect of changes in particle size and sediment depth on byssal attachment was assessed in laboratory experiments. Mytilus edulis did not attach byssus pads to mud or silt less than 0·85 mm in diameter, but did attach pads to gravel. On gravel more pads were attached to the substrate (mean = 19·44 threads/mussel/week) than to other mussels in the group (mean = 7·34 threads/mussel/week). Because no byssal attachment to the finer substrates occurred and preference for other mussels in the groups rather than the plastic of the holding tank was shown, clumps, characteristic of mussel beds in the field, were formed. The clumps became increasingly well defined as the depth of the substrate increased. Few clumps were formed on the coarsest substrate as a result of preferential byssal attachment to gravel particles.

Effect of Several Factors on the Synthesis of Calcium Hydroxide Prepared by Spray Drying Method Using Limestone

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Moon Kwan Choi ◽  
Jin Sang Cho ◽  
Sung Min Joo ◽  
Jin Koo Park ◽  
Ji Whan Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbonation Process

The purpose of this work is to influence of CaO concentrations of 5.0 wt.% and 10.0 wt.%, slurry feeding rate of 200~400 /min, rotating rate of drum of 5,000 and 10,000 rpm, inlet and outlet temperature on the synthesis of Ca(OH)2 powder, and the synthesis of precipitated calcium carbonate by carbonation process using Ca(OH)2 prepared by spray drying method. As the feeding rate of slurry was increased, the particle size of Ca(OH)2 was decreased. Regardless of rotating rate of drum, when the concentration of CaO was 5.0 wt.% and 10.0 wt.%, the morphology of Ca(OH)2 showed spherical shape of 10~30 μm and 20~60 μm, respectively. The specific surface area of synthesized Ca(OH)2 was 27~30 m2/g. When the initial reaction temperature was 11 °C and 30 °C, the shape and particle size of precipitated calcium carbonate synthesized in the carbonation process showed the rectangular shape of 0.1~0.4 μm and the spindle shape of 0.5~1.0 μm, respectively.

scholarly journals Parameter analysis of an entrained flow gasification process

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401881525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakduck Kim ◽  
Kitae Jeon ◽  
Heechang Lim ◽  
Juhun Song
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Coal Particle ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
Carbon Conversion ◽  
Entrained Flow ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Entrained Flow Gasification

This work presents primary results of a parameter study for entrained flow gasification using a steady-flow reactor model. The influences of important parameters such as coal types, gasifier pressure, gas/coal feeding rate, and coal particle size were studied based on coal conversion and gas product species. The prediction results were compared and validated against those published previously. In particular, a relative importance of reaction stoichiometry, temperature, reaction time (kinetics), or residence time considered in this simulation work was evaluated to affect the gas composition produced from different coals. The optimal carbon monoxide concentration was observed at an oxygen-to-fuel ratio of 0.8, while a greatest carbon conversion was found at a steam-to-fuel ratio of 0.4. Coal particle size has a strong influence on carbon conversion. However, the coal feeding rate has no effect on carbon conversion despite differences in residence time.

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Micro Feeding Technology on a Drop Tube Furnace

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
Zheng Zhong Ma ◽  
Xiang Xu ◽  
Yun Han Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Drop Tube ◽  
Interparticle Forces ◽  
Drop Tube Furnace ◽  
Coal Particles ◽  
Low Flow Rate

Coal particles are supplied to drop tube furnace (DTF) with a designed shaftless screw micro feeder. The condition of individual particles in furnace, which demands small particles size (102μm) and low flow rate for micro feeder，is desired to reaction mechanisms research. When particle size is less than 1mm, the interparticle forces such as van der Waals interactions have enormous effect on flow behavior of particles, so it is difficult to provide continuous and steady particles flow at low flow rate. In this paper, the micro feeder uses shaftless spring as its feeding element. To simulate dispersed particles flow, the feeding rate of coal particles should be decided by feeding coefficient M and is controlled by variable rotation speed of screw. The corresponding simplified model of feeding rate is presented, and interparticle forces are evaluated by the velocity coefficient . A vibrating metal rod is inserted into the middle of the shaftless screw to avoid particles agglomeration, and particle flow stability is also effectively improved. The given results show good linearity and stability of micro feeder. Moreover, the influences of the particle properties such as particle size and particle moisture content on the feeding rate are also investigated.

scholarly journals The Influence of Gangue Particle size and Gangue Feeding Rate on Safety and Service Life of the Suspended Buffer’s Spring

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 638-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Tai ◽  
Shuai Guo ◽  
Baifu An ◽  
Fu Ju
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Axial Pressure ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Pressure Peak

Abstract To address the problems of the suspended buffer spring’s safety and service life, we introduce the basic operating principles and structure parameters of the suspended buffer; followed by establishing a new numerical model of the buffer spring vibration using Femap software. The vibration characteristics of the spring form the basis for spring safety check and service life prediction. Therefore, the principles influencing the gangue particle size and feeding rate on the vibration characteristics of the buffer spring were analyzed. The results have indicated that the vibration frequency, axial pressure peak and the maximum and minimum axial pressure within the periodic vibration had power relations with gangue particle size D, while they had linear relations with the gangue feeding rate v except for the vibration frequency that had nothing to do with the feeding rate. According to the ultimate axial pressure of the spring, the relations between the shear pressure and tensile strength as well as the vibration characteristics, the spring’s safety check formula and service life formula were obtained. Based on the backfilling parameters of the working face in Dongping Coal Mine, the crushed gangue particle size and spring service life were determined. Based on the engineering practice in Dongping Coal Mine, the spring service life was obtained. And the fatigue fracture of the spring was also analyzed.

Effect of Neurotoxic Pesticides on the Feeding Rate of Marine Mussels (Mytilus edulis)

1997 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Donkin ◽  
John Widdows ◽  
Sheila V. Evans ◽  
Fred J. Staff ◽  
Tie Yan
Keyword(s):  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Marine Mussels ◽  
Neurotoxic Pesticides

Contribution of Calcite to the Particle-Size Spectrum of Lake Michigan Seston and Its Interactions with the Plankton

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1898-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry A. Vanderploeg ◽  
Brian J. Eadie ◽  
James R. Liebig ◽  
Stephen J. Tarapchak ◽  
Rebecca M. Glover
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Light Extinction ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Total Particle ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
A Minor

We determined the contribution of calcite to the total particle-size spectrum of Lake Michigan seston during different seasons in 1978–83 and 1985, employing a novel Coulter counter method, to examine the intensity and ecological effects of calcite whitings that result from autogenic precipitation of calcite. The whitings were most intense during September, when 12–56% of the total particle volume was calcite. Overall, food web dynamics were more controlling of than controlled by whitings. Year-to-year variation in calcite concentration was probably caused by predation-controlled variation in primary production, which drives calcite precipitation through CO2 uptake. Feeding rate of cladocerans in Lake Michigan is slightly reduced (16%) by calcite, but that of copepods is not. Light extinction is only slightly increased. Coprecipitation and sinking of P with calcite is probably a minor factor in regulating P concentration in the epilimnion of Lake Michigan. Removal of nutrients is enhanced by increased sinking rates caused by inclusion of calcite in fecal pellets and matter. Although all of the effects of calcite on plankton dynamics appear to be subtle in Lake Michigan, large effects can be expected for lakes of greater calcium hardness and eutrophy.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

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