scholarly journals Effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status in pregnant women: findings from the MO-VITD study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghad Alhomaid ◽  
Maria Mulhern ◽  
Laura Cassidy ◽  
Eamon Laird ◽  
Martin Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Treatment Groups

AbstractPregnant women who are overweight/obese are particularly vulnerable to vitamin D insufficiency owing to higher physiological requirements and lower status (25(OH)D concentrations) associated with obesity. Achieving adequate maternal vitamin D status with current recommendations (10μg/d) remains controversial.This study examined supplementation effects (10μg-vs-20μg vitamin D3/d) throughout pregnancy (12 weeks gestation until delivery) on vitamin D status of normal weight, overweight and obese pregnant women and on cord blood, using a double-blind randomised vitamin D intervention study (MO-VITD). 240 pregnant women were recruited throughout the year at antenatal clinics in Northern Ireland (equal numbers of normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (> 30kg/m2)). Non-fasting maternal blood samples were collected at 12, 28 and 34–36 weeks gestation and from the umbilical cord after delivery and analysed for total serum 25(OH)D using LCMS.A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25–50nmol/L) was found in the 1st trimester in both treatment groups (41.5% and 48.8%; 10μg vs. 20μg respectively). Maternal 25(OH)D concentrations increased from the 1st to 3rd trimester in both the 10μg/d and 20μg/d groups, with a higher increase in the 20μg group (17.1 ± 24.7 and 28.8 ± 33.3nmol/L, P = 0.002). There was no difference in cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations between treatment groups.Women who started pregnancy with insufficient 25(OH)D concentrations remained insufficient throughout pregnancy in the 10μg/d group (49.9 ± 28.2nmol/L at trimester 3). In the 20μg/d group, women starting pregnancy as insufficient achieved levels of sufficiency in the 2nd (58.9 ± 30.6nmol/L) and 3rd (64.0 ± 35.9nmol/L) trimesters. Women who started pregnancy with sufficient vitamin D status (25(OH)D > 50nmol/L), maintained levels of sufficiency throughout pregnancy irrespective of treatment group (83.1 ± 24.4 and 96.7 ± 30.7 at trimester 3 in 10μg/d and 20 μg/d groups respectively); findings were similar across all BMI categories.Obese women who started pregnancy with an insufficient status were found to have deficient cord blood (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L) in both the 10μg/d and 20μg/d groups (19.4 ± 20.2 vs. 19.5 ± 9.4nmol/L respectively), whilst obese women who started pregnancy with sufficient status (> 50nmol/L) had cord blood concentrations considered insufficient (40.2 ± 18.4 vs. 44.2 ± 15.6nmol/L; 10μg vs. 20μg groups respectively).Based on our findings of the high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in early pregnancy, maternal vitamin D supplementation of 20μg/d is advisable to maintain maternal vitamin D status in pregnant women in Northern Ireland.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant women: a longitudinal study

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 876-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Holmes ◽  
Maria S. Barnes ◽  
H. Denis Alexander ◽  
Peter McFaul ◽  
Julie M. W. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplement Use

Maternal vitamin D insufficiency is associated with childhood rickets and longer-term problems including schizophrenia and type 1 diabetes. Whilst maternal vitamin D insufficiency is common in mothers with highly pigmented skin, little is known about vitamin D status of Caucasian pregnant women. The aim was to investigate vitamin D status in healthy Caucasian pregnant women and a group of age-matched non-pregnant controls living at 54–55°N. In a longitudinal study, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was assessed in ninety-nine pregnant women at 12, 20 and 35 weeks of gestation, and in thirty-eight non-pregnant women sampled concurrently. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were lower in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (P < 0·0001). Of the pregnant women, 35, 44 and 16 % were classified as vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l), and 96, 96 and 75 % were classified as vitamin D insufficient (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) at 12, 20 and 35 weeks gestation, respectively. Vitamin D status was higher in pregnant women who reported taking multivitamin supplements at 12 (P < 0·0001), 20 (P = 0·001) and 35 (P = 0·001) weeks gestation than in non-supplement users. Vitamin D insufficiency is evident in pregnant women living at 54–55°N. Women reporting use of vitamin D-containing supplements had higher vitamin D status, however, vitamin D insufficiency was still evident even in the face of supplement use. Given the potential consequences of hypovitaminosis D on health outcomes, vitamin D supplementation, perhaps at higher doses than currently available, is needed to improve maternal vitamin D nutriture.

scholarly journals Opinions and Practice of US-Based Obstetrician-Gynecologists regarding Vitamin D Screening and Supplementation of Pregnant Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sara A. Mohamed ◽  
Ayman Al-Hendy ◽  
Jay Schulkin ◽  
Michael L. Power
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Endocrine Society ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is prevalent among pregnant women. Recommendations for adequate levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and appropriate vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy differ between the Institute of Medicine and the Endocrine Society. Obstetrician-gynecologists must make clinical decisions in this environment of uncertain guidance. An online questionnaire regarding physician practice patterns for screening and supplementing pregnant women was administered to 225 randomly selected practicing obstetrician-gynecologists of whom 101 (45%) completed the questionnaire. A majority indicated that vitamin D insufficiency was a problem in their patient population (68.4%) and that most of their pregnant patients would benefit from vitamin D supplementation (66.3%). Half (52.5%) would recommend vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy to some patients, but only 16.8% to all. Only one in four (25.8%) routinely screen their pregnant patients for vitamin D status. Physicians who indicated that vitamin D status was a problem in their patient population were more likely to screen routinely (32.8% versus 9.7%,P=0.002) and believe their patients would benefit from supplementation (91.2% versus 16.1%,P=0.001). Opinion regarding supplementation levels and indicators of adequacy were split between the two competing recommendations, suggesting that clinical practice will likely remain variable across physicians, with uncertain public health consequences.

High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women in South China

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Li ◽  
Yuanliu Wang ◽  
Gan Gao ◽  
Xiaoyong Guan ◽  
Peixu Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Different Seasons

Abstract. Objective: To investigate the vitamin D status of pregnant women in the Liuzhou area and assess the effects of maternal vitamin D status on the cord blood of their newborns. Subjects and methods: This study included 8852 pregnant women and 2000 newborns. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels of the 8852 pregnant women and the cord blood of 2000 newborns were measured. Results: The results showed that the average level of 25(OH)D in pregnant women in this area was 76.55 nmol/L, and women in different trimesters had different vitamin D levels ( p < 0.001). The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<75 nmol/L) in pregnant women was 62.34%, and the proportion of severe deficiency (<25 nmol/L) was 0.25%. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in the winter and spring than in the summer and autumn ( p < 0.001). Pregnant women who had regular vitamin D supplementation had higher levels of 25(OH)D than the women with discontinuous supplementation or no supplementation ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent in pregnant women in the Liuzhou area. There were differences in vitamin D levels between the three trimesters and different seasons. For pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency, it is important to scientifically determine the appropriate level of vitamin D supplementation to ensure the health of mothers and babies.

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin D Status and Risk of Gestational Diabetes: a Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingmin Hu ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Lianghui You ◽  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Maternal Vitamin D Status

Background/Aims: Whether maternal vitamin D deficiency is associated with gestational diabetes remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate published evidence on the association between maternal vitamin D status and the risk of gestational diabetes. Methods: We retrieved relevant articles from the PubMed, Medline and Embase databases up to May 2017 for observational studies investigating the association between vitamin D status and the risk of gestational diabetes. Odds ratios (OR) or risk ratios (RR) from individual studies were pooled using the fixed and random effect models. Results: The meta-analysis of 29 observational studies included 28,982 participants, of which 4,634 were diagnosed with gestational diabetes, and showed that maternal vitamin D insufficiency was associated with a significantly increased risk of gestational diabetes by 39% (pooled OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.20-1.60) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 50.2%; P = 0.001). Moreover, the 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in gestational diabetes cases than in controls with a pooled effect of -4.79 nmol/L (95% CI = -6.43, -3.15). Significant heterogeneity was also detected (I2 = 65.0%, P < 0.001). Further subgroup analysis indicated that this association was also evident in most subpopulations. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated a significant association between vitamin D insufficiency and increased risk of gestational diabetes. Further well-designed large-scale clinical trials are essential to verify this association.

scholarly journals Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2211-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Chang Zhou ◽  
Yu-Mei Zhu ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Jun-Luan Mo ◽  
Feng-Zhu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the vitamin D status, SNP of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and insulin secretion in adult males with obesity or normal weight in a subtropical Chinese city.DesignAn intervention trial.SettingShenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China.SubjectsFrom a cross-sectional survey conducted from June to July, eighty-two normal-weight and ninety-nine obese males (18–69 years) were screened to analyse their vitamin D status and for five SNP of VDR. From these individuals, in the same season of a different year, obese and normal-weight male volunteers (twenty-one per group) were included for an intervention trial with oral vitamin D supplementation at 1250 µg/week for 8 weeks.ResultsFor the survey, there was no significant difference (P>0·05) in baseline circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations or in the percentages of participants in different categories of vitamin D status between the two groups. The VDR SNP, rs3782905, was significantly associated with obesity (P=0·043), but none of the examined SNP were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D when adjusted for age, BMI and study group. After vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone and insulin, and insulin resistance in the obese were changed beneficially (P<0·05); however, the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was less than that of the normal-weight men.ConclusionsFor obese and normal-weight men of subtropical China, the summer baseline vitamin D status was similar. However, oral vitamin D supplementation revealed a decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obese men and ameliorated their hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children living in an urban slum of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1718-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Shamsir Ahmed ◽  
Tahmeed Ahmed ◽  
Kurt Z Long ◽  
Ricardo J Soares Magalhaes ◽  
Md Iqbal Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractObjectiveWe quantified the prevalence of vitamin D status in 6–24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children and identified the socio-economic and dietary predictors for status.DesignCross-sectional, baseline data from a nutritional intervention study were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of being vitamin D deficient or insufficient with the reference being vitamin D sufficient.SettingUrban slum area of Mirpur field site, Dhaka, Bangladesh.SubjectsUnderweight (weight-for-age Z-score <−2·00) and normal-weight (weight-for-age Z-score ≥−1·00) children aged 6–24 months.ResultsAmong 468 underweight children, 23·1 % were sufficient, 42·3 % insufficient, 31·2 % deficient and 3·4 % severely vitamin D deficient. Among 445 normal-weight children, 14·8 % were sufficient, 39·6 % insufficient and 40·0 % deficient and 5·6 % severely deficient. With adjusted multinominal regression analysis, risk factors (OR (95 % CI)) for vitamin D deficiency in underweight children were: older age group (18–24 months old; 2·9 (1·5–5·7)); measurement of vitamin D status during winter (3·0 (1·4–6·4)) and spring (6·9 (3·0–16·1)); and maternal education (≥6 years of institutional education; 2·2 (1·0–4·9)). In normal-weight children, older age group (3·6 (1·2–10·6)) and living in the richest quintile (3·7 (1·1–12·5)) were found to be significantly associated with vitamin D insufficiency.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates a significant burden of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in both underweight and normal-weight children <2 years of age from an urban slum of Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors may help in mitigating the important burden in such children.

The influence of maternal vitamin D supplementation on infant vitamin D status: A systematic review and meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 102491
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Zhong ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Dexian Wei ◽  
Shuhong Wang ◽  
Zhihui Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Suppression of Parathyroid Hormone as a Proxy for Optimal Vitamin D Status: Further Analysis of Two Parallel Studies in Opposite Latitudes

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela M. Mendes ◽  
Kathryn H. Hart ◽  
Susan A. Lanham-New ◽  
Patrícia B. Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
The Relationship

Optimal vitamin D status has commonly been defined as the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) at which parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations would be maximally suppressed, represented by an observed minimum plateau. Previous findings indicate a large variation in this plateau, with values ranging from <30 nmol/L up to 100 nmol/L. This disparity in values might be explained by differences in study design and methodology, ethnicity, age, gender and latitude. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of 25(OH)D at which PTH concentrations were suppressed in Brazilian women living in opposite latitudes (high vs. low: i.e., UK and Brazil), during wintertime. Using data from the D-SOL study (Interaction between Vitamin D Supplementation and Sunlight Exposure in Women Living in Opposite Latitudes), the association between 25(OH)D status and PTH levels were examined in 135 Brazilian women (56 living in England and 79 living in Brazil, aged 20–59 years old). Mean PTH concentrations for Brazilian women with vitamin D deficiency (<25 nmol/L) were significantly higher compared to those with vitamin D insufficiency (25–49.9 nmol/L) (p < 0.01), vitamin D adequacy (50–74.9 nmol/L) (p < 0.01) and those with optimal vitamin D status (>75 nmol/L) (p < 0.001). Regression modelling was used to investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and PTH for the sample as a whole and for each group separately. A cubic model was statistically significant for the total sample (p < 0.001), whereas a linear model presented the best fit for Brazilian women living in England (p = 0.04) and there were no statistically significant models fitted for Brazilian women living in Brazil. The cubic model suggests that 25(OH)D concentrations above 70–80 nmol/L are optimal to suppress the parathyroid gland in Brazilian women. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between 25(OH)D and PTH in populations living in a low latitude location and are of great relevance for discussions regarding the estimation of optimal cut-offs for vitamin D levels in the Brazilian population as well as for other low latitude locations.

scholarly journals An evaluation of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3109
Author(s):  
Khan Arshiya ◽  
Srivastava Meenakshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease specific to pregnancy affecting many bodily systems. This is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 104 pregnant women were included in the study. The diagnosis of gestational hypertension was confirmed using the “Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy” criteria. Based on these criteria, patients with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (measured after a period of rest of four hours, twice daily) and proteinuria (≥300 mg protein/24 h) were diagnosed as gestational hypertension.Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found among 78.9% (90/114) women. There was no significant (p >0.05) difference in age of women between vitamin D deficient and sufficient. Vitamin D level was significantly (p = 0.0001) lower among the women between Vitamin D deficient (15.93±4.66) and sufficient (35.70±3.25). There was no significant (p >0.05) association of Vitamin D level with parity, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, gestational age and fasting blood glucose. There was significant (p = 0.0001) difference in BMI between Vitamin D deficient (30.10±4.95) and sufficient (24.04±2.75). Tobacco consumption was also associated with the level of Vitamin D. There was significant negative correlation between BMI and Vitamin D level (r = -0.56, p = 0.00011).Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that vitamin D plays a role in the ethology and pathophysiology of gestational hypertension. Among the population having the risk of vitamin D deficiency, the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension may be decreased through vitamin D supplementation.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status of newborns in New Zealand

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Camargo ◽  
Tristram Ingham ◽  
Kristin Wickens ◽  
Ravi I. Thadhani ◽  
Karen M. Silvers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Skeletal Health ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Recognition of the important non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D has focused attention on the vitamin D status of individuals across the lifespan. To examine the vitamin D status of newborns, we measured serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the cord blood of 929 apparently healthy newborns in a population-based study in New Zealand, a country at 41°S latitude, with strong anti-skin cancer (sun avoidance) campaigns and without vitamin D food fortification. Randomly selected midwives in two regions recruited children. The median cord blood level of 25(OH)D was 44 nmol/l (interquartile range, 29–78 nmol/l). Overall, 19 % of newborns had 25(OH)D levels < 25 nmol/l and 57 % had levels < 50 nmol/l; only 27 % had levels of 75 nmol/l or higher, which are levels associated with optimal health in older children and adults. A multivariable ordinal logistic regression model showed that the strongest determinants of low vitamin D status were winter month of birth and non-European ethnicity. Other determinants of low cord blood 25(OH)D included longer gestational age, younger maternal age and a parental history of asthma. In summary, low levels of vitamin D are common among apparently healthy New Zealand newborns, and are independently associated with several easily identified factors. Although the optimal timing and dosage of vitamin D supplementation require further study, our findings may assist future efforts to correct low levels of 25(OH)D among New Zealand mothers and their newborn children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document