Evaluation of vitamin D bioaccessibility and iron solubility from test meals containing meat and/or cereals and/or legumes

AbstractRethinking food systems from production to consumption, in order to provide better nutritional inputs at lower environmental cost, is a priority challenge for a sustainable future. Pulses present benefits that may improve the sustainability of our systems and diets, such as their ability to restore soils in nitrogen and their high contents in proteins, fibers and minerals. However, pulses also contain several bioactive compounds such as phytates or tannins that can negatively affect mineral absorption. Additionally, we recently showed in the laboratory that these bioactives, together with fibers and saponins, could negatively impact fat-soluble vitamin bioavailability. The objective of this study was thus to follow up vitamin D (as a model of fat-soluble vitamin) and iron (as a model of mineral) transfer to the aqueous phase of the bolus during digestion of meal containing or not pulses. To this aim, we performed in vitrodigestion using tests meals made of beef (as a model of meat) and/or semolina (as a model of cereals) and/or chickpeas (as a model of pulses). To identify the compounds responsible for the observed effects, we also performed in vitrodigestion using test meals made of potatoes supplemented or not in fibers, phytates, tannins and saponines. Vitamin D bioaccessibility and iron solubility were expressed as the ratio of vitamin D or iron recovered in the aqueous phase of the digestion on the total amount of vitamin D or iron recovered in the whole digesta, at the end of the digestion.Our results showed that the presence of chickpeas within a meal induced a significant decrease of both vitamin D bioaccessibility (up to -56%, p < 0.05) and iron solubility (up to -28%, p < 0.05) compared to meals containing only meat and/or semolina. However, this effect was largely compensated for vitamin D by the fact that this vitamin was less stable (loss > 50%, p < 0.05) during the digestion of meal containing meat compared to meals containing only plant-based foods (i.e. semolina and chickpeas). Among the different bioactives, tannins appear to be the most deleterious regarding iron solubility, while both phytates and tannins were responsible for a decreased in vitamin D bioaccessibility.Our results confirm that in some conditions, the presence of pulses within a meal can be deleterious regarding vitamin D and iron bioavailability. These data thus encourage research to propose dietary and technological solutions to tackle pulse negative effects on micronutrient bioavailability.

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Low Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Inferior Survival Following Azacitidine Treatment in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v126.23.1699.1699 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 126 (23) ◽

pp. 1699-1699

Author(s):

Aleksandar Radujkovic ◽

Paul Schnitzler ◽

Anthony D. Ho ◽

Peter Dreger ◽

Thomas Luft

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Bone Homeostasis ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Antiproliferative Effects ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Introduction: Azacitidine (AZA) therapy has become the recommended first-line treatment for patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia (AML; bone marrow blasts <30%). However, only around 50% of patients achieve objective responses with AZA therapy and the vast majority of responding patients have disease progression within 2 years resulting in dismal survival rates. Vitamin D (VitD) is a central regulator of calcium and bone homeostasis and affects multiple signaling pathways controlling proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. More than 30 years ago, VitD was demonstrated to induce in vitro differentiation of AML blast cells. Consequently, VitD alone or in combination with other differentiating agents has been used for treatment of MDS patients showing inconsistent and rather limited efficacy. We retrospectively tested the hypothesis that VitD levels prior to start of treatment are predictive of overall survival (OS) in newly diagnosed MDS and oligoblastic AML patients receiving upfront AZA therapy. In addition, the antiproliferative effects of AZA in combination with different VitD derivatives were investigated in vitro. Patients, materials and methods: A total of 58 patients treated at our center between 2006 and 2014 had serum samples available for assessment of VitD status. Serum samples were collected at a median of 18 days prior to start of AZA treatment and cryopreserved at -80°C. VitD status was assessed by measurement of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels applying a standard chemiluminescent immunoassay (DiaSorin Deutschland GmbH, Dietzenbach, Germany). Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier. Survival times were measured from the date of AZA treatment start. Comparison of OS between the VitD groups was done using the logrank test and by cox regression adjusting for known confounders. For in vitro analyses, a tetrazolium based MTT assay was used for assessment of growth inhibition of two different AML cell lines (HL60 and MOLM13) after exposure to AZA alone or in combination with VitD (1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D; both from Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) or the VitD antagonist TEI-9647 (kindly provided by Teijin Pharma Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Drug interactions were analyzed using the median-effect method of Chou and Talalay and combination index (CI) values were calculated according to the classic isobologramm equation with CI<1, CI=1 or CI>1 corresponding to synergism, additivity or antagonism, respectively. In cases where no antiproliferative activity upon single-agent treatment was assessable (low-dose VitD and TEI-9647), an analysis in terms of sensitization (potentiation) or inhibition of AZA activity was performed instead. Results: Estimated median follow-up time was 14.2 months. Median serum VitD level prior to AZA treatment was 33 nM (range 11-102 nM). A total of 18 patients underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) following AZA therapy and follow-up was censored at the time of alloSCT. Patient, disease and treatment characteristics did not differ significantly between the low (≤33 nM; n=29) and high (>33 nM; n=29) VitD group. Estimated one-year survival was 72% (95% CI 54-90%) in the high VitD group, which was significantly longer as compared to the low VitD group (41%, 95% CI 20-62%, p<0.05; Figure 1). In multivariate analysis with OS as endpoint, VitD (per 10 nM decrease, HR 1.83 95% CI 1.06-3.16, p=0.03) and adverse cytogenetics (HR 2.58 95% CI 1.10-6.06, p=0.03) were independent predictors of shorter survival. In vitro treatment of HL60 and MOLM13 cells with AZA in combination with VitD produced synergistic and additive antiproliferative effects. Addition of nanomolar concentrations of VitD to AZA resulted in potentiation of AZA activity. Conversely, combination with TEI-9647 resulted in inhibition of AZA activity. Conclusions: Our study suggests that higher VitD levels were associated with a survival advantage following upfront AZA therapy. As compared to AZA monotherapy combination treatment with VitD resulted in enhanced cytotoxic effects in vitro. VitD repletion/supplementation during AZA treatment should therefore be explored. Disclosures Luft: Immundiagnostik AG: Research Funding.

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Extreme salinity as a challenge to grow potatoes under Mars-like soil conditions: targeting promising genotypes

International Journal of Astrobiology ◽

10.1017/s1473550417000453 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 18-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David A. Ramírez ◽

Jan Kreuze ◽

Walter Amoros ◽

Julio E. Valdivia-Silva ◽

Joel Ranck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Systems ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Average Maximum ◽

Future Challenges ◽

La Joya ◽

Extreme Salinity ◽

Maximum Stomatal Conductance

AbstractOne of the future challenges to produce food in a Mars environment will be the optimization of resources through the potential use of the Martian substratum for growing crops as a part of bioregenerative food systems. In vitro plantlets from 65 potato genotypes were rooted in peat-pellets substratum and transplanted in pots filled with Mars-like soil from La Joya desert in Southern Peru. The Mars-like soil was characterized by extreme salinity (an electric conductivity of 19.3 and 52.6 dS m−1 under 1 : 1 and saturation extract of the soil solution, respectively) and plants grown in it were under sub-optimum physiological status indicated by average maximum stomatal conductance <50 mmol H2O m−2 s−1 even after irrigation. 40% of the genotypes survived and yielded (0.3–5.2 g tuber plant−1) where CIP.397099.4, CIP.396311.1 and CIP.390478.9 were targeted as promising materials with 9.3, 8.9 and 5.8% of fresh tuber yield in relation to the control conditions. A combination of appropriate genotypes and soil management will be crucial to withstand extreme salinity, a problem also important in agriculture on Earth that requires more detailed follow-up studies.

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Use of an in vitro method to determine the effects of chelators on potential iron bioavailability in diets for ruminants

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a03-089 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 84 (2) ◽

pp. 305-308

Author(s):

Shannon L. Scott ◽

Ahmad Ghodratnama ◽

John A. Zee ◽

Johanne Chiquette

Keyword(s):

Control Diet ◽

Iron Bioavailability ◽

Protein Supplement ◽

In Vitro Method ◽

Iron Solubility ◽

Veal Calves ◽

Soluble Iron ◽

Key Words Iron ◽

Corn Grain

An in vitro method was developed to evaluate the effect of adding chelators on the potential bioavailability of iron in diets for veal calves. The control diet was composed of corn grain and a protein supplement. The experimental diets comprised the control diet plus lignin, Na2-EDTA or Ca2-EDTA as chelators. Total soluble iron of diets containing chelators was lower than that of the control diet (P < 0.05), and both types of EDTA reduced soluble iron more than lignin (P < 0.01). Key words: Iron, solubility, in vitro, chelator, ruminant

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Evidence of a possible therapeutic role of vitamin D in a cohort of adult Caucasian vitiligo patients

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (3-4) ◽

pp. 200-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberta Colucci ◽

Rossana Conti ◽

Federica Dragoni ◽

Allegra Cammi ◽

Luisella Cianferotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Positive Association ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Stability ◽

Sufficient Vitamin

Abstract. Reduced serum 25(OH)D levels have been largely reported in vitiligo, which is an autoimmune skin disorder characterized by the appearance of achromic macules. Since vitamin D can positively modulate immune function and stimulate melanogenesis in vitro, a possible role of sufficient vitamin D levels in promoting the stability of the disease and repigmentation process might be hypothesized in vitiligo. Hence, we conducted an observational study on medical records related to 101 vitiligo patients, in order to correlate baseline 25(OH)D levels with the baseline vitiligo activity and repigmentation of vitiligo macules on a 6-month follow-up. According to our results, at baseline we found that active vitiligo was significantly associated with 25(OH)D deficiency (≤20 ng/mL) (P = 0.036) or insufficiency (21–29 ng/mL) (P = 0.041), while stable disease was significantly associated with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (30–100 ng/mL) (P = 0.043). After 6 months, vitiligo patients with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (30–100 ng/mL) achieved a significantly higher degree of repigmentation. In conclusion, our study provides a novel evidence of a significant positive association of sufficient 25(OH)D levels with the stability of the disease and a satisfactory repigmentation process in Caucasian adult vitiligo patients and strengthen the need to assess vitamin D status in vitiligo. The correlation between sufficient vitamin D levels and a satisfactory course of the disease opens the way for future randomized controlled trials assessing a possible beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation on vitiligo.

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Correlation of Vitamin D with Inflammatory Cytokines, Atherosclerotic Parameters, and Lifestyle Factors in the Setting of Heart Failure: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20225811 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (22) ◽

pp. 5811 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez ◽

Anna S. Huerta-Delgado ◽

Elena C. Castillo ◽

José R. Villarreal-Calderón ◽

Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Animal Models ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Apo B ◽

Tnf Α

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide. It has been associated with heart failure (HF) given its immunoregulatory functions. In-vitro and animal models have shown protective roles through mechanisms involving procollagen-1, JNK2, calcineurin/NFAT, NF-κB, MAPK, Th1, Th2, Th17, cytokines, cholesterol-efflux, oxLDL, and GLUT4, among others. A 12-month follow-up in HF patients showed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, with no seasonal variation (64.7–82.4%). A positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and dietary intake of vitamin D-rich foods was found. A significant inverse correlation with IL-1β (R = −0.78), TNF-α (R = −0.53), IL-6 (R = −0.42), IL-8 (R = −0.41), IL-17A (R = −0.31), LDL-cholesterol (R = −0.51), Apo-B (R = −0.57), total-cholesterol (R = –0.48), and triglycerides (R = −0.32) was shown. Cluster analysis demonstrated that patients from cluster three, with the lowest 25(OH)D levels, presented the lowermost vitamin D intake, IL-10 (1.0 ± 0.9 pg/mL), and IL-12p70 (0.5 ± 0.4 pg/mL), but the highest TNF-α (9.1 ± 3.5 pg/mL), IL-8 (55.6 ± 117.1 pg/mL), IL-17A (3.5 ± 2.0 pg/mL), total-cholesterol (193.9 ± 61.4 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol (127.7 ± 58.2 mg/dL), and Apo-B (101.4 ± 33.4 mg/dL) levels, compared with patients from cluster one. Although the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of HF in humans is still uncertain, we applied the molecular mechanisms of in-vitro and animal models to explain our findings. Vitamin D deficiency might contribute to inflammation, remodeling, fibrosis, and atherosclerosis in patients with HF.

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Vitamin D Supplementation and Serum Levels of Magne-sium and Selenium in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Gender Dimorphic Changes

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000190 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 (1-2) ◽

pp. 27-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nasser M. Al-Daghri ◽

Khalid M. Alkharfy ◽

Nasiruddin Khan ◽

Hanan A. Alfawaz ◽

Abdulrahman S. Al-Ajlan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Serum Selenium ◽

Dependent Manner

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of magnesium and selenium in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 126 adult Saudi patients (55 men and 71 women, mean age 53.6 ± 10.7 years) with controlled T2DM were randomly recruited for the study. All subjects were given vitamin D3 tablets (2000 IU/day) for six months. Follow-up mean concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH) vitamin D] significantly increased in both men (34.1 ± 12.4 to 57.8 ± 17.0 nmol/L) and women (35.7 ± 13.5 to 60.1 ± 18.5 nmol/L, p < 0.001), while levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) decreased significantly in both men (1.6 ± 0.17 to 0.96 ± 0.10 pmol/L, p = 0.003) and women (1.6 ± 0.17 to 1.0 ± 0.14 pmol/L, p = 0.02). In addition, there was a significant increase in serum levels of selenium and magnesium in men and women (p-values < 0.001 and 0.04, respectively) after follow-up. In women, a significant correlation was observed between delta change (variables at six months-variable at baseline) of serum magnesium versus high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = 0.36, p = 0.006) and fasting glucose (r = - 0.33, p = 0.01). In men, there was a significant correlation between serum selenium and triglycerides (r = 0.32, p = 0.04). Vitamin D supplementation improves serum concentrations of magnesium and selenium in a gender-dependent manner, which in turn could affect several cardiometabolic parameters such as glucose and lipids.

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