The Unity of Modern Problems

Philosophy ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 4 (14) ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
John Macmurray
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Single Question

Of all the sciences, philosophy is the most concrete and comprehensive. The sense of cold, remote spaces which it is apt to generate in us is the result of this very width and concreteness. The philosopher has to condense the many-sided variety of human life and express it through the symbols of a common language. The symbols are at best only semi-transparent. Abstractness descends upon him the moment they become opaque. Philosophy, in fact, is useless to us unless we can see through it. If we cannot, the fault may be ours. If it is the philosopher's, then his failure is a failure to be wide enough or concrete enough. He needs above all to be sympathetically sensitive to the wide range of human interests, because it is this as a whole that he is bidden to systematize. He must give a single answer, and for that he must formulate a single question. Therefore his first problem is to discover the unity of problems.

scholarly journals Πτυχές της συμβολής της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος και της Ορθόδοξης Θεολογίας στην εξέλιξη του βιοηθικού διαλόγου

Bioethica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Ευάγγελος Χανιώτης (Evangelos Chaniotis)
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioethical Issues ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Of Greece

The importance of modern biomedical achievements along with the consequent ethical dilemmas, concerning the integrity of human person, incited the Church of Greece to establish a Special Synodical Committee of Bioethics. It was created in order to inform the people of Church responsibly and scientifically regarding all these bioethical issues. Those, however, were already known to Orthodox Theology even since the 1950s, when orthodox theologians, based on patristic theology, became involved in the bioethical dialogue when the issue of assisted reproduction was central. Afterwards, the Bishop of Demetrias Christodoulos (later, the Archbishop of Athens) deal with a wide range of bioethical issues in the light of Orthodox Theology.The Commission has dealt extensively with major ethical issues, such as the moment of death, the mechanical support in ER, the interfering with the normal process of reproduction, the beginning of the human life, the problem of euthanasia, the challenge of man’s intervention in the human genome, creating designer babies, the research and the experimentation on humans, especially on the fetus, the dependence of health on monetary profit, the use of medical technology on humans, thus contributing to the Orthodox Christian Ethics, and the total scientific dialogue.The Church assesses the bioethical issues above, and, through its theological tradition and life, formulates its pastoral advice and guidance hence focusing on vital issues such as the ethical limits in biomedical applications and the criteria that can set them. The Orthodox Bioethics is called to give answers to dilemmas which the biomedical sciences fail to do so or even lead to a deadlock.

Roots of Creativity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaan Valsiner
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Common Language ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
The Moment

In this chapter, the author explores the roots of the phenomena of creativity through exposing the axiomatic basis of the open-systemic nature of all human life, together with the processes of imagination that link the past and the future at the moment of the present. James Mark Baldwin’s notion of persistent imitation is at the root of imaginative acts that give rise to phenomena of the creative kind. Together with William Stern’s personology and Magoroh Maruyama’s focus on amplification of variability (“second cybernetics”), we have the basic building blocks for a theory of creativity that is not reducing the phenomena to common-language explanations.

The Many Pasts of Detective Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Thomas Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Public History ◽  
Detective Novel ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detective Novels ◽  
The Many

Building on Tzvetan Todorov's observation that the detective novel ‘contains not one but two stories: the story of the crime and the story of the investigation’, this essay argues that detective novels display a remarkably wide range of attitudes toward the several pasts they represent: the pasts of the crime, the community, the criminal, the detective, and public history. It traces a series of defining shifts in these attitudes through the evolution of five distinct subgenres of detective fiction: exploits of a Great Detective like Sherlock Holmes, Golden Age whodunits that pose as intellectual puzzles to be solved, hardboiled stories that invoke a distant past that the present both breaks with and echoes, police procedurals that unfold in an indefinitely extended present, and historical mysteries that nostalgically fetishize the past. It concludes with a brief consideration of genre readers’ own ambivalent phenomenological investment in the past, present, and future each detective story projects.

Industrial Labour Force of Russia in 20-30s of XX Century in Russian Historiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-449
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Shekatunov ◽  
Konstantin G. Malykhin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Potential Formation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Force Potential ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the specifics of studying the industrial labour force of Russia in the 1920s - 1930s in Russian historiography. The various stages of study from the 1920s through the 1930s and up to the last years are concerned. The relevance of the study is due to several factors. These include contradictions in the assessments of Bolshevik modernization of the 1920s and 1930s; projected labour force shortages in modern Russia; as well as the existing labour force shortage in industry at the moment. This determines the relevance of studying the historical period, which was characterized by the most acute personnel problems in the country. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that in modern Russian historiography there is no holistic, integrated view of the problems of the labour force potential formation of Russian industry in the 1920s and 1930s. It is noted that there is no research aimed at analyzing the historiography of these problems. The main stages of the study of industrial labour force are highlighted. The analysis of scientific works correlated with each stage of the study of the topic is performed. The problems and methodology of each stage are considered. A review of a wide range of scientific papers both articles and thesis is presented.

APPLICATION OF THE METHOD SPRINGY DEFORMATIONS OF BARREL DURING SHOT FOR DETERMINING THE INITIAL VELOCITY OF THE SHELL (MINE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Ye. Didenko ◽  
O. Stepanenko
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
Radial Direction ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Effective Use

One of the indicators of the effective use of artillery is the accuracy of the fire impact on the objects of enemy. The accuracy of the artillery is achieved by completing the implementation of all measures for the preparation of shooting and fire control. Main measures of ballistic preparation are to determine and take into account the summary deviation of the initial velocity. The existing procedure for determining the summary deviation of the initial velocity for the check (main) cannon of battery leads to accumulation of ballistic preparation errors. The supply of artillery units with means of determining the initial speed of the projectile is insufficient. Among the many known methods for measuring the initial velocity, not enough attention was paid to the methods of analyzing the processes that occur during a shot in the "charge-shell-barrel" system. Under the action of the pressure of the powder gases in the barrel channel and the forces of the interaction of the projectile with the barrel there are springy deformations in the radial direction. To measure springy deformations it is advisable to use strain gauge sensors. Monitoring of deformation in a radial direction by time can be used to determine the moment of passing a projectile past the strain gauge mounted on the outer surface of the barrel. In the case of springy deformations, the initial resistance of the sensor varies in proportion to its value. The speed of the shell (mine) in the barrel can be determined by time between pulses of signals obtained from strain gauges located at a known distance from each other. The simplicity of the proposed method for measuring the initial velocity of an artillery shell provides an opportunity for equipping each cannon (mortar) with autonomous means for measuring the initial velocity. With the simultaneous puting into action of automatic control systems can be automatically taking into account the measurement results. This will change the existing procedure for determining the total deviation of the initial velocity and improve the accuracy, timeliness and suddenness of the opening of artillery fire, which are components of its efficiency.

Potential Triazole-based Molecules for the Treatment of Neglected Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 4403-4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susimaire Pedersoli Mantoani ◽  
Peterson de Andrade ◽  
Talita Perez Cantuaria Chierrito ◽  
Andreza Silva Figueredo ◽  
Ivone Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neglected Diseases ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
The Moment

Neglected Diseases (NDs) affect million of people, especially the poorest population around the world. Several efforts to an effective treatment have proved insufficient at the moment. In this context, triazole derivatives have shown great relevance in medicinal chemistry due to a wide range of biological activities. This review aims to describe some of the most relevant and recent research focused on 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolebased molecules targeting four expressive NDs: Chagas disease, Malaria, Tuberculosis and Leishmaniasis.

Textual Transformations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Book History ◽  
John Dryden ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lucy Hutchinson ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

This collection of twelve original essays by an international team of eminent scholars in the field of book history explores the many ways in which early modern books were subject to reworking, re-presentation, revision and reinterpretation. Their history is often the history of multiple, sometimes competing, agencies as their texts were re-packaged, redirected and transformed in ways that their original authors might hardly recognize. The essays discuss the processes of editing, revision, redaction, selection, abridgement, glossing, disputation, translation and posthumous publication that resulted in a textual elasticity and mobility that could dissolve distinctions between text and paratexts, textuality and intertextuality, manuscript and print, author and reader or editor, such that title and author’s name are no longer sufficient pointers to a book’s identity or contents. The essays are alive to the impact of commercial and technological aspects of book production and distribution (discussing, for example, the career of the pre-eminent bookseller John Nourse, the market appeal of abridgements, and the financial incentives to posthumous publication), but their interest is also in the many additional forms of agency that shaped texts and their meanings as books were repurposed to articulate, and respond to, a variety of cultural and individual needs. They engage with early modern religious, political, philosophical and scholarly trends and debates as they discuss a wide range of genres and kinds of publication (including fictional and non-fictional prose, verse miscellanies, abridgements, sermons, religious controversy) and of authors and booksellers (including Lucy Hutchinson, Richard Baxter, Thomas Burnet, Elizabeth Rowe, John Dryden, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lucy Hutchinson, Henry Maundrell, John Nourse; Jonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, John Tillotson, Isaac Watts and John Wesley).

Using Motion Detection to Measure Social Polarization in the U.S. House of Representatives

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Bryce J. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Motion Detection ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Party Voting ◽  
The Many

Abstract Although previous scholars have used image data to answer important political science questions, less attention has been paid to video-based measures. In this study, I use motion detection to understand the extent to which members of Congress (MCs) literally cross the aisle, but motion detection can be used to study a wide range of political phenomena, like protests, political speeches, campaign events, or oral arguments. I find not only are Democrats and Republicans less willing to literally cross the aisle, but this behavior is also predictive of future party voting, even when previous party voting is included as a control. However, this is one of the many ways motion detection can be used by social scientists. In this way, the present study is not the end, but the beginning of an important new line of research in which video data is more actively used in social science research.

scholarly journals Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe: A Synthesis of National Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212110281
Author(s):  
Nieves Fernandez-Anez ◽  
Andrey Krasovskiy ◽  
Mortimer Müller ◽  
Harald Vacik ◽  
Jan Baetens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Local Analysis ◽  
Wildland Fires ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fire Patterns

Changes in climate, land use, and land management impact the occurrence and severity of wildland fires in many parts of the world. This is particularly evident in Europe, where ongoing changes in land use have strongly modified fire patterns over the last decades. Although satellite data by the European Forest Fire Information System provide large-scale wildland fire statistics across European countries, there is still a crucial need to collect and summarize in-depth local analysis and understanding of the wildland fire condition and associated challenges across Europe. This article aims to provide a general overview of the current wildland fire patterns and challenges as perceived by national representatives, supplemented by national fire statistics (2009–2018) across Europe. For each of the 31 countries included, we present a perspective authored by scientists or practitioners from each respective country, representing a wide range of disciplines and cultural backgrounds. The authors were selected from members of the COST Action “Fire and the Earth System: Science & Society” funded by the European Commission with the aim to share knowledge and improve communication about wildland fire. Where relevant, a brief overview of key studies, particular wildland fire challenges a country is facing, and an overview of notable recent fire events are also presented. Key perceived challenges included (1) the lack of consistent and detailed records for wildland fire events, within and across countries, (2) an increase in wildland fires that pose a risk to properties and human life due to high population densities and sprawl into forested regions, and (3) the view that, irrespective of changes in management, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and impact of wildland fires in the coming decades. Addressing challenge (1) will not only be valuable in advancing national and pan-European wildland fire management strategies, but also in evaluating perceptions (2) and (3) against more robust quantitative evidence.

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