Changes on recovery in the concentrations of tryptophan and the biogenic amine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with affective illness

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Ashcroft ◽  
Ivy M. Blackburn ◽  
D. Eccleston ◽  
A. I. M. Glen ◽  
W. Hartley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Manic Patients

SYNOPSISThe concentration of the acid metabolites of dopamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) respectively, were estimated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients suffering from either unipolar or bipolar affective illness, both before and after recovery. Significantly low concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA (P<0·01 and 0·05 respectively) were found in the unipolar depressed group and these did not return to normal on recovery. Depressed bipolar patients had levels within normal limits. In bipolar manic patients the HVA concentration fell on recovery to a level significantly lower (P<0·05) than controls. There was no difference in the levels of tryptophan in the CSF of any of the groups of patients nor was there any alteration on recovery. There was a high correlation between 5-HIAA and HVA in the same CSF. These findings are against the amine hypothesis which postulated in depression a lowered concentration of transmitter amine at synaptic junction.

Association of Cerebrospinal Fluid Deficiency of 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, but Not S-Adenosylmethionine, with Reduced Concentrations of the Acid Metabolites of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Dopamine

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Surtees ◽  
Simon Heales ◽  
ANN Bowron
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Dopamine Turnover ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Methyl Transfer ◽  
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Acid Metabolites

1. Folate deficiency, or inborn errors of folate metabolism, cause reduced turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), and perhaps dopamine, in the central nervous system. The mechanism by which this occurs are not known. One possibility is that this is mediated by deficiency of the methyl-donor S-adenosylmethionine. 2. To test this in humans, we have measured cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid, metabolites of 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, respectively, in children with inborn errors of the methyl-transfer pathway. These children are naturally deficient in 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, S-adenosylmethionine or both before treatment, and replete with S-adenosylmethionine, but not necessarily with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, during treatment. 3. Children with subnormal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate had significantly reduced concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid. Children with subnormal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine did not have significantly reduced concentrations of these metabolites. 4. We conclude that the mechanism by which deficiency of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate causes reduced 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine turnover is unlikely to be mediated by S-adenosylmethionine.

scholarly journals Homovanillic Acid in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Parkinsonian Patients

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cunha ◽  
A.F. Gonçalves ◽  
C. Oliveira ◽  
M. Dinis ◽  
R. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Score Improvement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Csf Hva ◽  
Made In

SUMMARY:Determinations of CSF HVA before and after Probenecid administration were made in 41 patients with Parkinson’s disease. The means of HVA concentration were lower than those of controls but no correlation with clinical data was found. A negative correlation was demonstrated between post-probenecid HVA levels and subsequent score improvement with L-DOPA at 3,6 and 12 months. Post-probenecid HVA levels suggest that there are distinct forms of parkinsonism and could predict the response to L-DOPA therapy.

scholarly journals Treatment of Heredo-Degenerative Ataxias with Amantadine Hydrochloride

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Botez ◽  
Simon N. Young ◽  
Thérèse Botez ◽  
Olga L. Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hand

ABSTRACT:Amantadine hydrochloride (AH) was administered (200 mg/day) for more than three months to 17 patients with Friedreich's ataxia (FA) and to 12 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophies (OPCA) in an open clinical trial. Reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) with the right and left hand were measured before and after treatment. A striking improvement on both RT and MT was observed in the OPCA group (on seven out of eight measures), whereas in the FA patients improvement was seen only in two out of four MT measures with no improvement in RT. Both groups had low levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) in their cerebrospinal fluid before treatment, relative to their controls. However, improvement with AH was not related to HVA levels.

Dihydropteridine Reductase Deficiency Associated With Severe Neurologic Disease and Mild Hyperphenylalaninemia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Brewster ◽  
Michael A. Moskowitz ◽  
Seymour Kaufman ◽  
Jan L. Breslow ◽  
Sheldon Milstien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Homovanillic Acid ◽  
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Dihydropteridine Reductase ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Acid Hydroxylation ◽  
Acid Metabolites

A deficiency of hepatic dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity was found in a neurologically impaired infant with mild hyperphenylalaninemia and normal levels of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase. DHPR is required for the regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor in aromatic amino acid hydroxylation, a necessary step in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters, dopamine and serotonin. Evidence for decreased synthesis of these transmitters in this patient was provided by the finding of reduced levels of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, metabolites of dopamine and serotonin, respectively, in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine. Treatment with dopamine and serotonin precursors, l-3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxytryptophan, respectively, was associated with improvement in temperament and motor tone and less frequent seizures. However, there was no improvement in gross motor function or language development.

The Pattern of Hostility in Affective Illness

1974 ◽  
Vol 125 (585) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivy M. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Affective Illness ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Manic Patients ◽  
Over Time

Many theoretical accounts of the affective disorders, in particular those by writers of the psychodynamic schools, have emphasized the central role of hostility and aggression. However, there have been very few objective studies of the expression of aggression in patients with affective disorders. Of these, two have used the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ,) of Foulds (Foulds et al., 1960; Foulds, 1965). Mayo (1967) tested 24 depressed patients before and after treatment and found a significant decrease after recovery, both in their level of general punitiveness and in their level of intropunitiveness. The psychotically depressed patients scored significantly higher than the neurotic depressives. Philip (1971) tested depressed women, and found that extra-punitiveness did not change over time, but that improved patients were less intropunitive than those who showed no improvement. No studies have reported the hostility pattern of manic patients.

Simulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Repair Using a 3-Dimensional Printed Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 194589242110035
Author(s):  
Muhamed A. Masalha ◽  
Kyle K. VanKoevering ◽  
Omar S. Latif ◽  
Allison R. Powell ◽  
Ashley Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Before And After ◽  
3D Printed

Background Acquiring proficiency for the repair of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is challenging in great part due to its relative rarity, which offers a finite number of training opportunities. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluates the use of a 3-dimensional (3D) printed, anatomically accurate model to simulate CSF leak closure. Methods Volunteer participants completed two simulation sessions. Questionnaires to assess their professional qualifications and a standardized 5-point Likert scale to estimate the level of confidence, were completed before and after each session. Participants were also queried on the overall educational utility of the simulation. Results Thirteen otolaryngologists and 11 neurosurgeons, met the inclusion criteria. A successful repair of the CSF leak was achieved by 20/24 (83.33%), and 24/24 (100%) during the first and second simulation sessions respectively (average time 04:04 ± 1.39 and 02:10 ± 01:11). Time-to-close-the-CSF-leak during the second session was significantly shorter than the first (p < 0.001). Confidence scores increased across the training sessions (3.3 ± 1.0, before the simulation, 3.7 ± 0.6 after the first simulation, and 4.2 ± 0.4 after the second simulation; p < 0.001). All participants reported an increase in confidence and believed that the model represented a valuable training tool. Conclusions Despite significant differences with varying clinical scenarios, 3D printed models for cerebrospinal leak repair offer a feasible simulation for the training of residents and novice surgeons outside the constrictions of a clinical environment.

Evaluation of endorphin content in the CSF of patients with trigeminal neuralgia before and after Gasserian ganglion thermocoagulation

1981 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Salar ◽  
Salvatore Mingrino ◽  
Marco Trabucchi ◽  
Angelo Bosio ◽  
Carlo Semenza
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gasserian Ganglion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The β-endorphin content in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was evaluated in 10 patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia during medical treatment (with or without carbamazepine) and after selective thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. These values were compared with those obtained in a control group of seven patients without pain problems. No statistically significant difference was found between patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia and those without pain. Furthermore, neither pharmacological treatment nor surgery changed CSF endorphin values. It is concluded that there is no pathogenetic relationship between trigeminal neuralgia and endorphins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document